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BUREAU OF THE AMERICAN REPUBLICS, 

WASHINGTON, U. S. A. 



HONDURAS. 



BULLETIN NO. 57. 

[Revised to March i, 1894.] 



1892. 



BUREAU OF THE AMERICAN REPUBLICS, 

WASHINGTON, U. S. A. 






LIBRARY. 



HONDURAS. 



BULLETIN NO. si- 1892. 

[Revised to March i," 1894.] 



r». 






BUREAU OF THE AMERICAN REPUBLICS, 
NO. 2 LAFAYETTE SQUARE, WASHINGTON, D. C, U. S. A. 



Director. — Clinton Furbish. 
Secretary. — FREDERIC Emory. 



While the utmost care is taken to insure accuracy in the publications of the Bureau of the American 
Republics, no pecuniary responsibility is assumed on account of errors or inaccuracies which may occur 
herein. 



By tri=ii^''^<='r 

AUG 31 1910 



WASHINGTON, D, C, U.S. A, 
Government Printing Office. 



LIST OF BUREAU PUBLICATIONS. 



Hand Book of the American Republics, No. i. 

Hand Book of tlie American Republics, No. 2. 

Hand Books of the American Republics, No. 3. 

Hand Book of Brazil. 

Hand Book of Mexico. 

Hand Book of Costa Rica. 

Hand Book of Guatemala. 

Hand Book of Colombia. 

Hand Book of Venezuela. 

Hand Book of Nicaragua. 

Hand Book of Santo Domingo. 

Hand Book of Bolivia. 

Hand Book of Honduras. 

Hand Book of Salvador. 

Hand Book of Uruguay. 

Hand Book of Haiti. 

Hand Book of Ecuador. 

Hand Book of the Argentine Republic. 

Import Duties of Mexico. 

Import Duties of Brazil. 

Import Duties of Cuba and Puerto Rico. 

Import Duties of Costa Rica. 

Import Duties of Santo Domingo. 

Import Duties of Nicaragua. 

Import Duties of Mexico (revised). 

Import Duties of Bolivia. 

Import Duties of Salvador. 

Import Duties of Honduras. 

Import Duties of Ecuador. 

Import Duties of Colombia. 

Import Duties of Venezuela. 

Import Duties of the British Colonies. 

Import Duties of Guatemala. 

Import Duties of the United States. 

Import Duties of Peru. 

Import Duties of Chile. 

Import Duties of Uruguay. 

Import Duties of the Argentine Republic. 

Import Duties of Haiti. 

Import Duties of Guatemala (revised). 



13. Commercial Directory of Brazil. 

14. Commercial Directory of Venezuela. 

15. Commercial Directory of Colombia. 

16. Commercial Directory of Peru. 

17. Commercial Directory of Chile. 
i8. Commercial Directory of Mexico. 

19. Commercial Directory of Bolivia, Ecuador, Par- 
aguay, and Uruguay. 

26. Commercial Directory of the Argentine Repub- 
lic. 

28. Commercial Directory of Central America. 

29. Commercial Directory of Haiti and Santo Do- 

mingo. 

38. Commercial Directory of Cuba and Puerto Rico. 

39. Commercial Directory of European Colonies. 
Commercial Directory of Latin America. 

42. Newspaper Directory of Latin America. 

3. Patent and Trade-Mark Laws of America. 

4. Money, Weights, and Measures of the Ameri- 

can Republics. 
6. Foreign Commerce of the American Republics. 

30. First Annual Report, 1891. 
Second Annual Report, 1892. 

35. Breadstuffs in Latin America. 

40. Mines and Mining Laws of Latin America. 

41. Commercial Information Concerning the Amer- 

ican Republics and Colonies. 
53. Immigration and Land Laws of Latin America. 
63. How the Markets of Latin America may be 

reached. 
68. Special Costa Rica Bulletin. 

Manual de las Repiiblicas Americanas, 1891. 

Monthly Bulletin, October, 1893. 

Monthly Bulletin, November, 1893. 

Monthly Bulletin, December, 1893. 

Monthly Bulletin, January, 1894. 

Monthly Bulletin, Februar}^, 1894. 

Monthly Bulletin, March, 1894. 

Monthly Bulletin, May, 1894. 



The above list includes all the publications of the Bureau to Apnl 15,1894. Orders for copies based,on 
the above will not be noticed. 
On the following page will be found the price list of Bureau publications. 

Ill 



SALE OF BUREAU PUBLICATIONS. 



The following monthly bulletins have been published by the Bureau of American 
Republics, viz: Coffee in America, October, 1893 ; Coal and Petroleum in Colombia, 
etc., November, 1893; Minerals and Resources of Northeastern Nicaragua, etc., De- 
cember, 1893 ; Finances of Chile, etc., January, 1894; Costa Rica at the World's Fair, 
etc., February, 1894; Reciprocity Treaties and Trade, etc., March, 1894; The Republic 
of Costa Rica, etc., April, 1894, and Mexico; Treasury Receipts, Total Source of 
Income for Fiscal Year 1894-95, etc., May, i894;Import Duties of Guatemala (Revised), 
June, 1894; American Live Stock, etc., July, 1894. 

With the July number will be commenced the second volume of these bulletins, and 
subscriptions for the 3'ear ending June 30, 1895, will be received at the rate of $1 per 
annum ; single copies, 10 cents each. Of the publications of the Bureau, the following 
will be furnished to applicants upon receipt of the prices named in the list. Money may 
be sent by post-office money order, payable to the Director of the Bureau of American 
Republics. All other remittances are at the risk of the sender. Postage stamps ivill 
not be received. 

PRICE LIST. 



Patent and Trade-mark Laws of America { 

Money, Weights and Measures of the 
American Republics 

Foreign Commerce of the American Re- 
publics 

Import Duties of Brazil 

Import Duties of Cuba and Puerto Rico. 

Import Duties of Costa Rica 

Commercial Directory of Brazil 

Commercial Directory of Venezuela 

Commercial Directory of Colombia 

Commercial Directory of Peru 

Commercial Directory of Chile 

Commercial Directory of Mexico 

Commercial Directory of Bolivia, Ecua- 
dor, Paraguay, and Uruguay 

Import Duties of Nicaragua 

Import Duties of Mexico (revised) 

Import Duties of Bolivia 

Import Duties of Salvador 

Import Duties of Honduras 

Import Duties of Ecuador 

Commercial Directory of the Argentine 
Republic 

Import Duties of Colombia 

Com mercial Directory of Central America 

Commercial Directory of Haiti and Santo 
Domingo 

First Annual Report of the Bureau, 1891. 

Hand Book of Guatemala 

Hand Book of Colombia 

Hand Book of Venezuela 

Import Duties of Venezuela 

Commercial Directory of Cuba and 
Puerto Rico 

Commercial Directory of British, Danish, 
Dutch, and French Colonies 



42. Newspaper Directory of Latin America. $0.05 

43. Import Duties of Guatemala 25 

44. Import Duties of the United States 05 

45. Import Duties of Peru 25 

46. Import Duties of Chile 25 

47. ImjDort Duties of Uruguay 25 

48. Import Duties of the Argentine Republic .25 

49. Import Duties of Haiti 10 

50. Hand Book of the American Republics, 

No. 3 50 

51. Hand Book of Nicaragua 50 

52. Hand Book of Santo Domingo 50 

53. Immigration and Land Laws of Latin 

America 40 

55. Hand Book of Bolivia 40 

57. Hand Book of Honduras 50 

58. Hand Book of Salvador 50 

61. Hand Book of Uruguay 50 

62. Hand Book of Haiti 50 

63. How the Markets of Latin America may 

be Reached 40 

64. Hand Book of Ecuador 50 

67. Hand Book of the Argentine Republic . . .50 

68. Special Costa Rica Bulletin 25 

69. Import .Duties of Guatemala (revised)... .25 

PUBLICATIONS NOT NUMBERED. - 

Commercial Directory of Latin America 40 

Second Annual Report of the Bureau, 1892. . .05 
Third Annual Report of the Bureau, 1893 ... .15 
Manual de las Republicas Americanas, 1892. .50 
Monthly B lletins, $1 per annum; single 

copies lo 

Code of Commercial Nomenclature, first vol- 
ume, 852 pages 3 .00 



The Code of Commercial Nomenclature, named in the above list, is the first volume 
of the first edition of the work suggested by the International American Conference. 
It contains 852 pages, and includes something over 28,000 commercial terms in Eng- 
lish, Spanish, and Portuguese. This volume is bound in cloth, and is now ready for 
distribution. 



CONTENTS. 



Page. 

Chapter I. Historical Outline i 

II. Geographical Sketch 4 

III. Political Divisions — Towns — Population 12 

IV. Constitution and Form of Government 30 

V. Education and Religion 33 

VI. Agricultural Resources — Climate and Seasons 35 

VII. Animal Industr}- and Forestry 45 

VIII. Minerals and Mining 50 

IX. Transportation — Postal and Telegraph Facilities 53 

X. Money — Banking — Taxation — Commerce 58 

Appendix A. Constitution of Honduras 67 

B. Land Laws 82 

C- Mining Code . . , ^-j 

D Tariif 130 

E. Reciprocity with the United States 172 

F. Commercial Directory 175 

Index 183 



ILLUSTRATIONS. 



Page. 

Map of Honduras Frontispiece. 

Court of the Government House, Tegucigalpa 15 

San Juancito (3 views) 25, 26, 27 

Central Park, Tegucigalpa. .■ 13 

Department of Justice, Tegucigalpa 17 

Railroad Station, Puerto Cortes g 

VI 



Chapter I. 



HISTORICAL OUTLINE. 

That part of Central America now known as the Republic of 
Honduras was discovered by Columbus during his fourth voyage, 
about ten years after his first expedition. The locality first seen 
by him was the island of Guanaja, the most easterly of the group 
now called the Bay Islands, where he arrived on the 30th of July, 
1502. He reached the mainland on the 14th of August at a point 
which he named Punta de Caxinas, a cape stretching out into the 
sea and forming what was afterwards known as the bay of Truxillo, 
Here, the great explorer's foot first pressed the mainland of the 
continent of America. Some 1 5 leagues eastward, at the mouth of 
a river which he named Rio de la Posesion, now known as Rio 
Tinto, he again landed and took formal possession of the country 
for Spain. 

We next hear of Honduras when Gil Gonzales Davila, while 
on a voyage from Santo Domingo to Nicaragua in 1524, steering 
too far to the westward, reached the coast near the bay now called 
Puerto Cortez. Having lost some of his horses there, he gave it 
the name of Puerto Caballos [Port of Horses], but made no 
settlement. 

In the same year, an expedition sent by Cortez from Mexico, 
under command of Cristobal de Olid, reached the coast about 14 
leagues east of Puerto Caballos and founded a settlement, to which 
was given the name of Triumfo de la Cruz, which was, however," 
soon aferwards abandoned. 
Bull. 57 1 



HONDURAS. 



Hernando Cortez, having completed the conquest of Mexico, 
had, previously to this, sent Pedro de Alvarado with an expedition 
which reduced to submission the southern Provinces of Mexico, 
Guatemala, and Honduras. In the meantime, Cortez, doubtful 
of the loyalty of some of his emissaries, and excited by the glowing 
accounts brought to him of the wonderful countries to the south, 
where native tradition located stately cities and treasure-filled 
palaces, determined to set out himself He left Mexico in October, 
1524, and after a perilous march and great suffering and privation, 
reached Honduras and planted a colony at Puerto Caballos, which 
he named Natividad de Nuestra Senora. Since that visit, the bay 
has been generally known as Puerto Cortez. Cortez next visited 
Truxillo and sent expeditions into the interior to explore and 
conquer the country. 

From this time, for nearly three centuries, as a province of what 
was called the Kingdom of Guatemala, the country was under 
the rule of Spain. War, pestilence, and enforced labor in the 
mines and plantations swept away the enslaved Indian people, 
until at last there remained but a mere fragment of its once teem- 
ing population. 

Futile and desultory attempts at resistance to Spanish rule were 
made from time to time for several years as echoes of the cry for 
freedom made by the patriot priest Hidalgo in Mexico in the year 
1810, but it was not until 1821, that Central America threw off the 
yoke of Spain. An act of independence was adopted at Guate- 
mala, and the citizens of the Provinces were invited to choose 
representatives, on the basis of one for every 1 5,000 inhabitants, 
to a national congress, to meet March 1, 1822. 

The result of the deliberations of this assembly was the estab- 
lishment of the Republic of Central America, composed of the 
territory which is now divided into the five independent States of 
Guatemala, Salvador, Honduras, Nicaragua, and Costa Rica. 

After a wearisome period of internal dissensions and desolating 



HONDURAS. 3 

civil wars, the 'Central American Union was dissolved, and on the 
26th of October, 1838, a declaration of independence was promul- 
gated, announcing Honduras to be a free and sovereign State. 
Since that time, several efforts have been made to reunite the five 
Republics, but without success, and the federation and unity of 
Central America still remains an unsolved problem. 

For many years after Honduras assumed the responsibilities of 
independent existence, the country was harassed by revolutions and 
the efforts of some of its public men to become absolute rulers. 
In recent years, the prevailing tendency has been toward a more 
settled state of affairs, and its Presidents have looked more to the 
general welfare of the country. 



Chapter II. 



GEOGRAPHICAL SKETCH. 

The Republic of Honduras is situated between latitude 13° 10' 
and 16° 2' north ; longitude, 83° and 90° west. Its northern frontier, 
about 350 miles in length, is formed by the Caribbean Sea. On 
the west it is bounded by Guatemala ; on the southwest by Salvador 
and the Bay of Fonseca, on which it has a frontage of about 70 
miles, and on the east and southeast by the Republic of Nicaragua. 
Its superficial area is about 45,000 square miles, but no exact 
survey or measurement has ever been made. 

The general aspect of Honduras is mountainous; in fact, the 
greater part of the country is corrugated by disconnected ranges 
and groups of mountains into which the great continental range is 
here divided. Many of these mountain ranges are of considerable 
elevation. Near Omoa, on the north coast, some of the peaks are 
at least 7,000 feet in height, while Mount Congrejoy, near Ceiba, 
has an elevation of 7,800 feet and forms a landmark visible for 
many miles at sea. In the Departments of Intibuca and Gracias, 
the mountains of Selaque attain in places an elevation of nearly 
10,000 feet. 

There are extensive alluvions near the coasts, particularly in the 
northeastern part, comprised in the Departments of Yoro, Colon, 
and Olancho, which extend inland in the form of broad savannas 
for many miles, and are covered with luxuriant and nutritious 
grasses. In near proximity to the coast and at the mouths of 
the rivers on both sides of the Republic, the land is low and in 



HONDURAS. 



some places marshy and damp, but with an alluvial soil of almost 
unsurpassed fertility. Everywhere among the mountains, are high, 
healthy, wind-swept plateaus and hundreds of beautiful and fertile 
valleys, some of which are of great extent — such as the valley of 
Sula, in the Department, of Santa Barbara, which extends from 
the north coast toward the south about 60 miles and averages from 
30 to 50 miles in width. In the Departments of Tegucigalpa and 
Comiayagua, are a few valleys of large size, in one of which is 
situated the city of Comayagua, the ancient capital. The Depart- 
ment of Gracias, on the Guatemala frontier, has also many valleys 
and plains, which form fine grazing regions. 

Although Honduras is so mountainous, it is the only one of the 
Central American Republics that has no volcanoes, and conse- 
quently has never in historic times suffered from their effects, 
although there are evidences that in prehistoric times volcanoes 
bore their part in the upheaval and fashioning of the mountainous 
features of the region. Another striking topographical feature is 
that the great cordillera, or spinal ridge of the continent, is here so 
broken and interrupted that between its ranges lies a succession of 
plains constituting a great transverse valley reaching from sea to 
sea and offering singular facilities for an interoceanic or trans- 
isthmian route in an almost direct line and with very easy grades. 
From this brief description, it will be seen that Honduras has the 
greatest diversity of surface and elevation. Wide and elevated 
plateaus, broad plains, fertile valleys, and mountains, many of 
which are terraced to their summits, present conditions affording 
almost every possible variety of climate, soil, and productive 
capacity. 



RIVERS. 



The divide of the river systems is in close proximity to the. 
Pacific coast. Consequently, that side of the Republic is not so 
well watered as the x'\tlantic slope, on which side are situated all 



HONDURAS. 



the largest rivers, fed by many streams, affording good water power 
and ample facilities for irrigation during the dry season. 

Honduras has some rivers that are of a size that entitles them 
to special notice, such as the Wanks, Patuca or Patook, Ulua, 
Chamelicon, Aguan, and Tinto, flowing into the Caribbean Sea; 
and the Choluteca, Nacaome, and Goascoran, which have their 
outlets on the Pacific coast. 

The Wanks, or Segovia, which enters the sea at Cape Gracias 
a Dios, has its origin in the Department of Nueva Segovia, in 
the northwestern part of Nicaragua, within 50 miles of the 
Pacific, and forms for many miles the boundary between Hon- 
duras and Nicaragua. This river carries a large body of water, 
and would form an important avenue for commerce with the 
interior were it not obstructed by rapids and rocky shallows. 

The Patuca or Patook River, which forms the outlet for the 
watershed of the Department of Olancho, receives the waters of a 
number of affluents, such as the Guyambre, Guyape, Jalan, and a 
number of smaller streams. This river, however, above the plains 
of the coast has a very swift current, and its navigation is inter- 
rupted by rocky rapids. At one point, it is narrowed and confined 
by precipitous walls ot rock for a long distance. This place is 
called by the natives Portal del Infierno, or Hell Gate. Like 
most of the rivers of Honduras on the Caribbean coast, its use- 
fulness is impaired by a bar at its mouth, which, however, is so 
limited in extent as to be capable of improvement at a moderate 
expense. 

The Ulua is the most important river in Honduras, and drains 
a large extent ot country. It receives the waters of several con- 
siderable tributaries, among which are the Santa Barbara and the 
Blanco, which latter is the northern outlet for the surplus water of 
Lake Yojoa. The Ulua is navigable for light-draft steamers for 
90 miles from its mouth. It has a bar at its mouth which is 



HONDURAS. 



dangerous in rough weather, but at other times it can be passed 
by vessels drawing 6 feet. 

The ChameUcon has its origin in the mountains of the Depart- 
ment of Copan on the borders of Guatemala, in the northeastern 
part of the Republic. It flows through the Sula valley and empties 
into the Caribbean Sea at only a few miles from the mouth of 
the Ulua; so near, in fact, that, at times during the rainy season, 
the low intervening lands are overflowed and the waters of the 
two rivers intermingle. 

The Aguan is a considerable stream which rises in the moun- 
tains of Sulaco and falls into the sea a little to the eastward of 
Truxillo. Its largest tributary is the river Mangualid. It has a 
bar carrying 5 or 6 feet of water, and can be navigated for light- 
draft boats for a distance of 80 miles. 

The Tinto, which, at a short distance from the sea, takes the 
name of Poyas, is a stream ot considerable volume, having a 
rapid current. At a point 16 miles from its mouth, the English 
had a fort and settlement during the last century, which were, 
however, evacuated in 1786 in conformity with a treaty between 
England and Spain negotiated in that year. Subsequent attempts 
were made to found settlements there, particularly by an English 
company in 1839, under the countenance and support of the 
British colony of Belize; but all proved failures. It has a bar at 
its mouth, on which the depth of water varies from 5 to 8 feet, 
according to the season. It can be navigated by small vessels for 
a distance of from 40 to 50 miles from its mouth. 

The Choluteca has its origin on the northern side of the moun- 
tains of Lepaterique, flows eastward until it reaches the meridian 
of Tegucigalpa, then forms a semicircle, and flowing past that 
city, describes an extremely circuitous and crooked course and 
falls into the Gulf of Fonseca on the Pacific. Its upper part is 
called by the natives Rio Grande. It is navigable for only a few 
miles from its mouth. 



8 HONDURAS. 

The Nacaome is formed by the watershed of the south side of 
the Lepaterique mountains. It is not a very long stream, but has 
a considerable body of water, particularly during the rainy season, 
when it may be ascended by large canoes as high as the town ot 
Nacaome. Near its mouth, is the settlement of La Brea through 
which a large portion of the imports on the Pacific side enter the 
country. 

The Goascoran rises among the hills bordering the plain of 
Comayagua. Its entire length is only about 80 miles, but during 
the rainy season it carries a large body of water. From the Gulf 
of Fonseca upward for about 30 miles, it forms the boundary 
between Honduras and Salvador. 

LAKES. 

Lake Yojoa is the only lake of any note in Honduras. It lies 
at an altitude of 2,500 feet above the sea level, at a direct distance 
of about 50 miles from the Atlantic coast, in the Department ot 
Santa Barbara. It is 22 miles in length from north to south, 
with an average width of from 6 to 8 miles. Its supply of water 
must be from internal springs, as no rivers flow into it, while three 
flow from it. At its extreme northern limit, the river Blanco has 
its source, but its course, for some distance, is subterranean until 
it makes its appearance and flows as a narrow, swift, and deep 
stream to its junction with the Ulua. At the southern extremity, 
two rivers leave the lake, the Jaitique and the Tacapa. The first 
named leaves the lake as an ordinary stream, while the Tacapa 
follows a subterranean passage for upwards of a mile until it 
reaches the surface in a wildly agitated mass of water, forming a 
stream 2 to 3 feet deep and 30 feet in width. Both these rivers 
unite at a distance of about 20 miles from the lake and from the 
river Santa Barbara, which, after receiving the waters of many 
other streams, becomes the principal affluent of the Ulua. 



HONDURAS. • C) 

PORTS AND HARBORS. 

The principal ports on the Atlantic side are Puerto Cortez, 
Omoa, Ceiba, and Truxillo; on the Pacific, Honduras has but 
one port, Amapala, in the magnificent Bay ot Fonseca. 

Honduras is fortunate in possessing, in Puerto Cortez and 
Amapala, the two best ports in Central America, situated so as to 
form admirable termini for trans-isthmian traffic whenever the long 
contemplated interoceanic railroad shall be completed. 

The beautiful and spacious harbor ot Puerto Cortez was dis- 
covered in 1524 by Gil Gonzales Davila, who named it Puerto 
Caballos, but made no settlement on its shores. A few years 
aff:erwards, it was visited by Hernando Cortez. His quick mili- 
tary eye at once discerned its advantages, and he founded a settle- 
ment which he called Natividad, near the site now occupied by 
the village ot Cineguita, opposite the modern town ot Puerto 
Cortez. For more than two centuries, this was the principal estab- 
lishment on the coast, until it was removed to Omoa, in the year 
1752, because the large size of the bay of Cortez and its ease of 
access made it liable to the attacks of pirates and buccaneers, and 
the small port of Omoa could be easily defended by a single fort. 
Cortez, in writing to the King of Spain, gave Puerto Cortez high 
praise. He said: 

It is the best harbor hitherto discovered on all the coast of the mainland 
from Las Perlas to Florida. 

The bay is somewhat in the shape of a horseshoe, with ample 
depth for large vessels close to the shore and good holding ground 
for anchorage. Near its apex, there is a small stream giving access 
to another large landlocked sheet of water, known as Alvarado 
lagoon. This opening is spanned by a railroad bridge, but with 
comparatively small expense it could be deepened sufficiently to 
allow vessels to pass into the lagoon, which has ample depth of 
water for even the largest ships, and would form a perfect natural 
dock where they could lie in smooth water in any weather. 



lO . HONDURAS. 

Omoa is a small but secure harbor, with good anchorage in 
from 2 to 6 fathoms of water, and is defended by a fortress, called 
El Castillo de San Fernando. The town is situated about a 
quarter of a mile inland. Of late years, the commerce of Omoa 
has declined,' having been largely transferred to Puerto Cortez. 

Ceiba owes its origin as a port of entry to the development of 
the fruit trade on the northern coast. It is now regularly visited 
by steamers, and does a large export trade in bananas and other 
tropical fruits. 

The ancient port of Truxillo was founded in the year 1524 by 
Francisco de las Casas of Truxillo in Spain, who gave it the* 
name of his native city. It is situated upon the western shore of 
a beautiful bay formed by the projecting land of Punta Castilla, 
sometimes called Cabo de Honduras. It was on this point that 
Columbus first trod the mainland of the continent of America. 
He called it Point Caxinas. It has always been an important 
commercial place, and is the natural outlet for the products of the 
great Department of Olancho. 

There is also good anchorage for ships at the islands of Ruatan, 
Guanaja or Bonacca, and Utila, members of the group called the 
Bay Islands, situated about 70 miles to the north of the Atlantic 
coast. These are also becoming important factors in the foreign 
trade of Honduras. 

The bay of Fonseca is the finest harbor on the entire Pacific 
coast of America. It is 60 miles in length and 30 in average 
width, perfectly protected, and capable of sheltering the navies 
of the world. The three Republics of Salvador, Honduras, and 
Nicaragua touch upon this splendid bay, although Honduras has 
the largest frontage. 

Capt. M. T. de Lepelier, of the French navy, thus describes it 
in a report to his Government : 

Studded with beautiful islands, this vast and magnificent bay stretches into 
the land between the mountains of Conchagua and Coseguina. It has no rival 



HONDURAS. 1 1 

on the entire coast of the Pacific, whether as regards its extent, its security, or 
its naval and commercial position. 

E. G. Squier, in his work on Central America, says of this bay: 

It seems to have been marked out by the Creator as the ultimate center of 
the commerce of the Pacific. 

On Tigre Island, in this bay, is situated the Honduranean town 
of Amapala, which occupies a level strip of land on its northern 
side, while behind, the conical mountain rises to a height of 2,500 
feet. The water is so deep that ships of the largest size may 
anchor within a stone's throw of the shore. The custom-house is 
located here, and a small steamboat conveys passengers and light 
baggage to La Brea and San Lorenzo, the two depots on the 
mainland, which are each about 30 miles distant from Amapala. 
This vessel also acts as a tug for the bongos or lighters laden with 
heavy merchandise, although these frequently depend on oars and 
sails alone. 

The Honduraneans have an abiding faith in the great future 
importance of this port, and rely on the long expected construction 
of the interoceanic railroad to elevate Amapala into a great com- 
mercial depot. 



Chapter III. 



POLITICAL DIVISIONS— TOWNS— POPULATION. 

The Republic of Honduras, since the year 1883, has been 
divided into thirteen Departments, which, according to the census 
of 1887, contained 22 cities, 188 towns, 679 villages, and 377 
hamlets. Following is a list of the Departments, with their 
capitals : 



Departments, 


Capitals. 


Departments. 


Capitals. 


Tegucigalpa 


Tegucigalpa. 

Choluteca. 

Yuscaran. 

Juticalpa. 

Truxillo. 

Yoro. 

Santa Barbara. 


Comayagua 

Copan 

Gracias 


Comayagua. 
Santa Rosa. 




Gracias. 




Intibuca 


La Esperanza. 




La Paz 


La Paz. 




Bay Islands 


Ruatan. 


Santa Barbara 



By decree, dated March, 1889, ^^^ district of Mosquitia was 
rendered independent of the Department of Colon and placed 
under the governorship of a superintendent, with full political, 
military, economic, and judicial authority. 

During the year 1893, ^^^ ^^^ Departments were created, viz, 
Department of Cortez, to consist of the districts ot San Pedro 
Sula, El Negrito, and Santa Cruz; capital, San Pedro. Depart- 
ment of Valle, consisting of the districts of Nacaome and Goas- 
coran, and the village of Caridad; capital, Nacaome. 



DEPARTMENT OF TEGUCIGALPA. 



Capital : Tegucigalpa. 

Towns: Comayaguela, Santa Lucia, San Antonio de Oriente, 
Naraita, Tatumbla, Valle de Angeles, San Juan de Flores, San 
Diego de Talanga, Sabanagrande, Santa Ana, Lepatarique, Ojo- 



12 



HONDURAS. IQ 

jona, San Beneventura, Nueva Armenia, La Venta, Reitoca, 
Alubaren, Curaren, La Libertad, San Miguelito, Cedros, Orica, 
Santa Rosa de Guaimaca, and Marale. 

This Department is situated on the Pacific slope, although it is 
so near the divide that some of its streams in the northern part 
find their way to the rivers that fiow to the Caribbean Sea. Its 
main watershed, by the Choluteca River, is toward the Pacific. 
It is very mountainous, and, although there are many beautiful 
valleys and small plains adapted to agriculture, its principal 
industry is mining. In fact, its aboriginal name, Tegucigalpa, 
means "City of the Silver Hills," and history informs us that 
silver and gold were plentiful when the Spaniards arrived, and 
that during the colonial period, for many years, over $3,000,000 
were annually exported to Spain in payment of the tribute to the 
King. 

The city of Tegucigalpa is beautifully situated, about 75 miles 
in a direct line from the Pacific coast, in a pleasant valley, at an 
elevation of 3,200 feet above the sea, on the eastern bank of the 
Choluteca River. The latter is here called the Rio Grande, 
although it hardly deserves so magniloquent a title. It separates 
the city from its suburb of Villa de Concepcion, or, as it is usually 
called, " Comayaguela." Access to this suburb is had by a hand- 
some stone and brick bridge of ten arches, built in the year 1817. 
The river at this point is about 200 feet wide. Its bed is full of 
rocks and bowlders. During the dry season, it carries only a small 
stream of water, but in the rainy season, it becomes a foaming tor- 
rent. A small stream called Rio Chiquito joins it near the bridge, 
and is itself crossed by a suspension bridge of iron and wood. 

Tegucigalpa is the largest and finest city of the Republic. By 
the census of 1887, ^^ contained 12,587 inhabitants. It is a very 
old town. The exact date of its founding is not known, but it 
existed as a native settlement before the Spanish conquests The 
first Congress of the Republic, which met at Cedros in August, 



1^. HONDURAS. 

1824, decreed that the seat of government should be alternately 
at Comayagua and Tegucigalpa, but in 1880, during the pres- 
idency of Don Marco Aurelio Soto, Congress published a decree 
declaring Tegucigalpa to be the capital of the Republic. It is 
laid out with tolerable regularity. The streets are narrow and 
paved with cobblestones, sloping towards the center, providing 
surface drainage. There are no sewers. The sidewalks are nar- 
row and paved with bricks or slabs of stone. Lighting is by 
means of kerosene lamps. The houses are mostly built of adobe, 
plastered outside and whitewashed or painted, sometimes in gay 
colors. They are generally of one story in height, although, in 
the center of the city, some are of two stories. They are built 
even with the sidewalks, with patios, or inner court yards, which, 
frequently, are ornamented with pretty flower gardens and orange 
and pomegranate trees. The windows have no glass nor sashes, 
but are guarded outwardly by iron gratings and closed on the 
inside by heavy wooden shutters. 

The central point of the city, as in all old Spanish towns, is the 
plaza, now called Central Park. It is prettily arranged with flow- 
ers, shrubbery, trees, and well-kept paths, and is provided with 
seats for the accommodation of the public. A good military band 
plays here on Thursday and Sunday evenings. In the center, is 
a very good bronze equestrian statue of Morazan, the hero of Cen- 
tral American independence. It stands on a lofty marble pedestal, 
bearing on one side the inscription, "A Francisco Morazan La 
Patria." Another side has a bronze tablet picturing, in high relief, 
the battle of La Trinidad, fought in September, 1821. There are 
four other statues, one at each corner of the park, representing the 
four seasons. On the east side of the plaza is the principal church 
or Parroquia. It is, with the exception of the cathedral at Coma- 
yagua, the largest and handsomest church in Honduras. It was 
built to replace a more ancient church which was destroyed by fire 
in 1742, and was completed in 1782. It has two towers and an 



HONDURAS. Ijf 

imposing fa9ade, embellished with figures ot saints. The roof is 
cylindrical, terminating in a graceful dome over the altar. The 
principal altar is an elaborate structure of carved wood richly 
gilded and adorned with silver ornaments. On the walls, are some 
ancient paintings. There are four other churches in the city, but 
none of them specially interesting. On the north side of the plaza, 
is the Hotel Americano. 

In addition to the central plaza, Tegucigalpa has several smaller 
parks. In that called plaza of La Merced, which adjoins the 
University and palace or executive mansion, are busts of Gen. 
Cabanas and Jose Trinidad Reyes, priest, philosopher, and educator. 
In another park, called plaza of San Francisco, stands a statue of 
Jose Cecilia del Valle, the author of the Honduranean declaration 
of independence. The principal buildings of the city are the 
palace, with an adjoining building containing the legislative cham- 
ber and offices of the cabinet ministers ; the mint, which occupies 
a building jointly with the Government printing office ; the palace 
of justice, containing the law courts; the general post and tele- 
graph offices; the university; the school of industries and arts; 
the general hospital, and the penitentiary. There is also, at the 
plaza Dolores, a well-built public market, divided into three 
edifices. 

For one ot the greatest modern improvements, the city is 
indebted to President Bogran, who, in 1890, made a contract with 
an American firm, Messrs. Gibson & Cole, for the construction of 
water-works. Previous to this time, the inhabitants had depended 
for their water supply on women, who carried it in large "oUas," 
or earthen jars, upon their heads from the river. The water is now 
brought into the city a distance of 12 miles from the Rio Jutiapa. 
The dam at which the pipe line begins is at an elevation of 1,720 
feet above the city. The water is carried to a reservoir of 200,000 
gallons capacity on the summit of a hill overlooking the city, called 
the Picacho, at an elevation of 900 feet. From this, the pipe line 



l6 HONDURAS. 

leads to a second reservoir on a hill called La Leona, 735 feet 
lower, or 165 feet above the plaza. The work was completed in 
1891, and Tegucigalpa now has several fountains, numerous public 
hydrants, and a house supply of cool clear mountain water. It has 
been proposed to utilize some of this water to supply the power 
for lighting the city with electricity, a plan that will probably be 
carried out when financial conditions permit. 

DEPARTMENT OF CHOLUTECA. 

Capital, Choluteca. 

Towns, Santa Ana de Yusquare, Namacigue, Marcovia, El 
Corpus, Concepcion de Maria, Triunfo, San Marcos, Morolica, 
Orocuina, Apacilagua, Pespire, San Jose, San Antonio de Flores, 
San Isidro Nacaome, San Francisco de Coray, Amapala, Goasco- 
ran, Langue, Aramecina, and La Alianza. 

This Department is situated in the south ot the Republic. It 
is bounded on the west by Salvador, on the east by Nicaragua, 
and on the south by the bay of Fonseca. It lies on the western 
and southern slope of the mountain ranges and is extremely diver- 
sified in surface, and, consequently, in climate. In the valleys 
and lowlands, the heat is tropical. The islands of Tigre and Sa- 
cata Grande, in the bay of Fonseca, are within the jurisdiction of 
this Department. On the former, is located the important seaport 
town of Amapala, and on the mainland, La Brea and San Lorenzo 
are the two depots through which passes all the commerce of 
Honduras on the Pacific. There is considerable mining carried 
on in the Department, and in colonial times, it bore a great repu- 
tation for its production of gold. 

Choluteca, the chief town of the Department, is situated in a 
broad valley on the right bank of the river of the same name. It 
is a very ancient town, and was a center of population before the 
Spanish conquest. When, in 1526, Pedro de Alvarado entered 
Honduras on his victorious march from Mexico and arrived at 
Choluteca, he met there an expedition that had been dispatched 



HONDURAS. 17 

by Cortez from the north coast and another that had entered by- 
way of Nicaragua. The leaders remained here three days in 
consultation before separating to continue their career of conquest. 
The city of Choluteca has a national building containing the 
government offices; a town hall, hospital, college, public school 
house, and two churches. 

DEPARTMENT OF EL PARAISO. 

Capital, Yuscaran. 

Towns. Guinope, Moroseli, Oropoli, Danli, Jacaleapa, El 
Paraiso, Teupaceuti, Alanco, Texiquat, Soledad, Liure, Yauyupe, 
Vado Ancho, San Antonio de Flores, San Lucas. 

This Department is situated in the southeastern part of the 
Republic and is bounded by the Departments of Olancho, Tegu- 
cigalpa, and Choluteca, and the Republic of Nicaragua. It was 
formed from territory separated from the Department of Teguci- 
galpa by decree of Congress on the 28th of May, 1869. It is 
extremely mountainous, but has many fertile plains and valleys. 
The eastern part near the Nicaraguan frontier, particularly in the 
neighborhood of Danli, is noted for the production of superior 
grades of coffee and sugar cane. The principal industry of the 
Department is mining, as it contains many rich veins of gold and 
silver, as well as extensive deposits of copper and iron. Yuscaran, 
the chief town, was founded in 1744-. It is pleasantly situated at 
an elevation of 3,400 feet above the sea level, in a valley sur- 
rounded by mountains. It has a population of about 4,000 to 
5,000, who rely chiefly on the mines for their support. Several 
mining companies are at work here, among which are the Zurcher 
Mining Company, the Monserrat, the Guyabillas, and others. 
The city is abundantly supplied with pure mountain water, which 
is distributed throughout the streets in wrought-iron pipes. It 
has a town hall, a hospital, a large and handsome church, and 
public wash houses. 
Bull. 57 2 



l8 HONDURAS. 

• DEPARTMENT OF OLANCHO. 

Capital, Juticalpa. 

Towns: Catacamas, Campamento, Manto, San Francisco, }ano- 
guata, Salama, Yocon, El Rosario, La Union, Mangulile, Guyape, 
Concordia, Silca, San Esteban, Gualaco. 

This Department has the largest area of any of the Provinces 
of Honduras, being larger than the whole Republic of Salvador. 
It is situated in the northeast of the Republic, and is bounded on 
the north by the Departments of Yoro and Colon, on the south 
by El Paraiso, on the west by Yoro and Tegucigalpa, and on the 
east by Colon and the Republic of Nicaragua. 

It is mountainous and undulating, but it possesses wide and 
extensive plains and fertile valleys, covered with luxuriant grasses 
and well watered, affording pasturage for great herds of cattle and 
horses, and constituting the principal wealth of the inhabitants. 
It is also rich in veins of gold, silver, and copper, and its rivers 
have long been famous for their gold placers. 

Juticalpa, the chief city of the Department, is the second in the 
Republic in respect of population, which is estimated at 10,000. 
It is delightfully situated on a small tributary of the river Guyape, 
not far from the main stream, It derives its support from the 
cattle trade, agriculture, mining, and gold washing from the streams 
in its vicinity. It has a military barrack, or cuartel^ a town hall, 
and a large and imposing church. 

DEPARTMENT OF COLON. 

Capital, Truxillo. 

Towns: Santa Fe, Sonaguera, Tocoa, La Ceiba, Balfate. 

This Department was created by decree of the Government 
published on the 19th December, 1881. It is situated in the nojth 
of the Republic, and is bounded on the north by the Caribbean 
Sea, on the east by the Republic of Nicaragua, on the south 
by the Departments of Yoro and Olancho, and on the west its 



HONDURAS. 19 

boundary follows the course of the river Cuero, which separates 
it from Yoro. Its surface in the western part is very broken and 
is traversed by many lofty ranges of mountains. One of these, 
the Calentura, runs parallel to the sea and has several very high 
peaks. There is also, near La Ceiba, a very lofty mountain, called 
Cangrejos or Congrehoy. These peaks are visible tor many miles 
and form excellent landmarks for navigators. In the eastern part 
of the Department, are large and fertile plains well adapted for 
agriculture, the cultivation of fruit, and cattle-raising. On the coast, 
are several lagoons, some of which are of considerable extent. 

Carataska Lagoon is about 36 miles in length, but nowhere ex- 
ceeds 12 miles in breadth. It is shallow, varying in depth from 

12 to 18 feet. It has two entrances, one by a small creek and 
the other of considerable width, with a bar at the mouth carrying 

13 to 14 feet of water. There are three islands of considerable 
size in this lagoon, and several small streams discharge into it. 
The land in the vicinity consists of fertile plains affording good 
pasturage and agricultural facilities. 

Brus, or Brewers, Lagoon has a wide mouth, but will not admit 
vessels drawing more than six or seven feet. Three or four miles 
from its entrance, is an island about two miles in circumference, 
which was fortified by the English during their occupancy of this 
territory. This lagoon abounds in fish, oysters, and water fowl. 

Black River Lagoon is about 15 miles long by 7 wide and con- 
tains several small islands. On its borders, are extensive plains 
and pine ridges. 

Truxillo, the capital of the Department, is a seaport situated on 
a beautiful bay and was founded in 1524. Within the next 
century, it reached a high degree of prosperity, as it was the princi- 
pal port of entry for ships from Spain. In 1643, it was plundered 
and burned by buccaneers. It has never recovered its former 
grandeur, although it is the seat of considerable commerce. It 
now has about 2,500 inhabitants. Its principal exports are india 



20 HONDURAS. 

rubber, sarsaparilla, cattle, and fruit. It has a weekly line of 
steamers to New Orleans, and steamers from New York call every 
three weeks. Among its public edifices, are the military barracks, 
prison, custom-house. Government office building, town hall, a 
church, and two public schools. 

The climate is hot in the summer months, but the refreshing 
eifects of the trade winds render it healthful. 

DEPARTMENT OF YORO. 

Capital, Yoro. 

Towns : Rosa or Siriano,Yorito, Jocon, Sulaco, Tela, El Negrito, 
Olanchito, Arenal. 

This Department is situated in the north ot the Republic, and 
is bounded on the north by the Caribbean Sea and the Depart- 
ment of Colon, on the east by Colon and Olancho, on the south 
by Olancho, Tegucigalpa, and Comayagua, and on the west by 
Santa Barbara. 

Its surface is very diversified and corrugated by ranges ot moun- 
tains, between which are rich plains and wide valleys, through 
which many rivers find their passage to the sea, affording fine pas- 
turage to numerous herds of cattle. These valleys also abound 
in valuable timber, yielding dyewoods, cabinet woods, and others 
valuable for building. This Department is preeminently the 
mahogany district of Central America. All that part ot the great 
Sula Valley which lies east of the river Ulua is in this Depart- 
ment. In the future development of the country, this will prove 
to be the most attractive region to foreigners from the great variety 
and richness of its products, its navigable rivers, and its proximity 
to the ports of the United States. 

Yoro, the capital city of the Department, is situated about 75 
miles from the seacoast, in a beautiful, extensive, and fertile val- 
ley, 45 miles long by 24 in width, bordered by great ranges of 
mountains. Its climate is very variable. Its inhabitants are prin- 
cipally employed in agriculture and raising cattle. 



HONDURAS. 21 



Among its public buildings, are a handsome modern edifice, 
containing the Government offices and law courts, a town hall, 
market, church, and several school buildings. A good road has 
recently been built from this point to the port of La Ceiba. 



DEPARTMENT OF SANTA BARBARA. 



Capital, Santa Barbara. 

Towns: llama, San Pedro Zacapa, Gualala Colinas, Nuevo 
Celilac, Naranjito, San Nicolas, Trinidad, Chinda, Concepcion, 
Ouimistan, Macuelizo, San Marcos, Petoa, Santa Cruz, San Fran- 
cisco de Yojoa Talpetato, Potrerillos, San Pedro Sula, Omoa, 
Tuma, Puerto Cortez. 

This Department is one of the most important in the Republic 
from its geographical position, its navigable rivers, and the extra- 
ordinary fertility of its lands. It is bounded on the north by the 
Caribbean Sea, on the east by the Departments of Yoro and 
Comayagua, on the south by Gracias and Intibuca, and on the 
west by Copan and the Republic of Guatemala. It is very moun- 
tainous, but its great valleys are of wonderful fertility and abound 
in valuable timber. Fruit-growing, agriculture, timber-cutting, 
and mining all contribute to the prosperity of its inhabitants. A 
very large proportion of the commerce of the Atlantic coast passes 
through its ports and cities. 

The city of Santa Barbara, the capital of the Department, is 
situated on the south bank of the river Cececapa, or Santa Bar- 
bara, which is the principal affluent of the Ulua. It is surrounded 
by hills covered with groves ot pine trees, which shut it in so 
closely that it can only find room for extension in one direction, 
toward the small plain called El Conejo. Its inhabitants are 
principally employed in commerce and agriculture, particularly in 
the cultivation of cacao, fruit, and indigo. It is also famous for 
its hats, which are similar to the Panama hats, and are made from 
young palm leaves which, after being bleached in the sun, are 



22 HONDURAS. 



divided into threads of which the hats are composed. . These hats 
are made entirely by hand, chiefly by women, who acquire a won- 
derful dexterity in the work. The principal market for them is 
in Guatemala. 



DEPARTMENT OF COMAYAGUA. 



Capital, Comayagua. 

Towns: Ajuterique, Lejemani, San Antonio, San Sebastian, 
Lamani, Opoteca, San Jeronimo del Espino, Siguatepeque, San 
Jose, Meambar, Ojos de Agua, La Libertad, Esquias, Minas de 
Oro, San Jose del Portrero. 

This Department is bounded on the north by those of Santa 
Barbara and Yoro, east by Tegucigalpa, south by La Paz, west by 
Santa Barbara. As in the other Departments, the surface is very 
mountainous and broken, but it has many beautiful plains and 
valleys and a great variety of climate due to the differences of 
elevation. Thus, in the great valley of Comayagua, at an average 
altitude of 1,700 feet, the climate is hot, and all kinds of tropical 
products grow luxuriantly. It is surrounded by mountains from 
5,000 to 6,000 feet in height, covered with pine trees, the slopes 
producing rich crops of maize, In the plain of Siguatepeque, at 
an elevation of 3,200 feet, the climate is cool and bracing, and 
rains are more frequent and prolonged. Wheat, barley, and rye 
are grown there, and the nutritious grass provides sustenance to 
large herds of cattle and horses. 

Comayagua, the capital of the Department, is situated at the 
head of an extensive and beautiful valley, which is abundantly 
watered by the river Humuya and several smaller streams. It 
was founded in the year 1 537 by Capt. Alonzo de Caceres, who 
was sent by Francisco de Montijo, then governor of Honduras, to 
subdue some tribes of natives who had revolted against the Spanish 
authority. He gave it the name of Santa Maria de Comayagua, 
although it was afterwards known as Valladolid. In 1557, it was 



HONDURAS. 



23 



raised to the rank of a city and became the capital of the Province, 
and in 1559, the Episcopal residence was removed from Truxillo 
to this city, where it has ever since remained. 

Its name is derived from the aboriginal word coma and the 
Spanish y and agiia (water), signifying a plain abounding in 
water. During the colonial times, it attained a high degree of 
prosperity and was adorned with fountains and monuments and 
many handsome edifices. Of many of these, only the ruins 
remain. Previous to the year 1827, it had about 18,000 inhab- 
itants, but in that year, it was captured and many of its buildings 
burned by the troops of the monarchial faction of Guatemala, and 
It has never since recovered its former prosperity. In 1873, ^^ 
again suffered from the effects of siege and capture during the war 
carried on by Guatemala and Salvador against Honduras. 

The removal of the capital to Tegucigalpa in 1880 gave 
another blow to its fortunes. It has now about 8,000 inhabitants 
and retains but a vestige of its former importance. It lies, how- 
ever, in the direct route which an interoceanic railroad must take, 
and whenever one is built it will do much to resuscitate and restore 
the fortunes of this ancient city. 

Among the public buildings, is the Cathedral, which is the 
largest and finest church in Honduras. It was commenced in the 
year 1700 and finished in 1715. The other notable edifices are 
the bislop's palace, the barracks, town hall, government printing 
office, post-office, telegraph office, and government offices. 



departmp;nt of copan. 



Capital, Santa Rosa. 

Towns : Santa Rita de Copan, Cucuyagua, San Pedro, Corquim 
Ocotopeque, Sinuapa, Concepcion del Jute, Santa Fe, Trinidad, 
San Nicolas, Nueva Arcadia, La Florida, San Antonio, San Jose, 
Sensenti, Lucerna, San Francisco Chucuyuco, La Encarnacion, 
La Labor, San Marcos. 



^4 



HONDURAS. 



This Department is bounded on the north by the Department 
of Santa Barbara, on the east by Gracias and Santa Barbara, on 
the south by Gracias, and on the west by the Republic of Gua- 
temala. It was created by act of Congress m 1869. Its surface 
is much diversified and is intersected by several ranges of moun- 
tains. Among its most striking topographical features, are the 
great valleys of Sensenti and Cucuyagua. The former is 30 miles 
in lerigth and from 5 to 15 wide, and is almost surrounded by lofty 
mountains. It averages 2,800 feet above the level of tfie sea. 

This department is rich in veins of gold and silver, and veins 
of bituminous coal 8 to 10 feet in thickness have been found in 
the district of Sensenti, but the principal wealth of the department 
is derived from the growth of tobacco, which is of excellent quality 
and deservedly bears a high reputation. Its cultivation and man- 
ufacture are the principal industries. In the Copan Valley, near 
the Guatemalan frontier, on the right bank of the Copan River, 
are situated the ruins of Copan, one of the most remarkable remains 
of an ancient civilization. Among the ruins, are pyramids, innu- 
merable statues, obelisks, and columnscovered with singular sculp- 
tures, hieroglyphs, and emblematic figures. There are many ancient 
remains in Honduras, but these ruins are the most extensive and 
interesting. 

Santa Rosa, the capital, was, at the end of the last century, a 
small village, and owes its subsequent growth and prosperity to 
the extension of the tobacco industry. In 1795, the colonial 
authorities built a large tobacco and cigar manufactory, which 
gave a great impetus to the industry which has ever since been 
the chief source of prosperity to the city. Santa Rosa is pleas- 
antly situated on a small plain at an elevation of 3,400 feet above 
the sea level, and enjoys a cool and healthy climate. The public 
edifices consist of a barracks, which serves as a military head- 
quarters for the Department, government offices, a college, and a 
church. 



HONDURAS. 25 

DEPARTMENT OF GRACIAS, 

Capital, Gracias. 

Towns : La Iguala, Belen, Lepaera, Los Flores, Talagua, En ,n- 
dique, San Andres, San Francisco, Candelaria, Virginia, Mapu- 
laca, Piraera, Gualciuse, Guarita, Valladolid, La Virtud, Cololaca, 
Tomola. 

This Department is bounded on the north by the Departments 
of Santa Barbara and Copan, on the east by Santa Barbara and 
lutibuca, and on the south and west by the Republic ot Salvador. 
It was created in June, 1825', by a decree of Congress, which set 
forth the political divisions and boundaries of the Republic. Its 
surface is very diversified, and is remarkable for the various ranges 
of majestic mountains which traverse it in different directions. 
One of the highest ot these is that of Celaque, which attains an 
elevation of from 8,000 to 10,000 feet. 

The Department is rich in minerals, and in the neighborhood 
of Erandique, are the celebrated opal mines, which have produced 
many of these gems of fine quality. Its valleys also present many 
favorable conditions for raising cattle, which forms one of the 
principal industries. 

Gracias, the capital, is one of the most ancient cities in Hon- 
duras. It was founded in 1530 by Juan de Chavez, who gave it 
the name of Gracias a Dios (Thanks to God). The warlike 
natives soon compelled the evacuation of the town, but it was 
reoccupied in 1536 by Gonzalo de Alvarado. It is situated on a 
handsome plain to the west of the mountains of Celaque, and is 
watered by the small rivers Arcagual and El Tejar. This city 
has the distinction of having been the ancient capital of the vast 
Spanish possessions from the peninsula of Yucatan to the isthmus 
of Darien. Its climate is moist and warm. It has a large building 
of two stories used as a barrack and public prison; an extensive 
edifice containing the Government offices; two churches, a large 



26 HONDURAS. 

public school, and in the suburbs, a fortress called the castle of 
San Cristobal. 

DEPARTMENT OF INTIBUCA. 

Capital, La Esperanza. 

Towns: Intibuca, Yamaranguila, Dolores, San Miguel Guan- 
capla, San Juan, Camasca, Magdalena, Santa Lucia, Colomon- 
cagua, San Antonio, Concepcion, Jesiis de Otoro, Masaguara. 

This Department was created by authority of Congress in April, 
1883. It is bounded on the north by the Department of Santa 
Barbara, on the east by La Paz and Comayagua, on the south by 
the Republic of Salvador, and on the west by Gracias. 

The central and northern parts of the Department are extremely 
rugged and mountainous, but in the south, it is lower and has more 
level country. Its industries are agriculture and cattle raising. 
Up to date, no information has been received of any mineral dis- 
coveries within its boundaries. 

La Esperanza, the capital, is situated in an elevated plain 4,950 
feet above the sea level. As a consequence, the climate is cold, 
the thermometer seldom rising above 62°. Its commerce is con- 
fined entirely to agricultural products and the herding and expor- 
tation of cattle. Immediately to the north and east, and separated 
from it only by a street, is the large Indian town of Intibuca, 
which, from its situation, has sometimes been mistaken for the 
capital. La Esperanza has a building, two stories in height, in 
which are the principal offices of the Department; a town hall, a 
prison, a large schoolhouse for both sexes, and a public park. 

DEPARTMENT OF LA PAZ. 

Capital, La Paz. 

Towns: Cane, Marcala, Santa Maria, Puringla, Yarula, Santa 
Elena, San Jose, Chinacla, Opatoro, Guajiquiro, Santa Ana Ca- 
canterique, San Antonio del Norte, Santerique, Caridad, Aguan- 
queterique, Mercedes de Oriente, San Juan. 



HONDURAS. 27 

This Department was created by a decree published on the 28th 
ot May, 1869, from territory formerly included in the Department 
of Comayagua. It is bounded on the north by the Department 
of Comayagua, on the east by Tegucigalpa and Paraiso, on the 
south by the Republic of Salvador, and on the west by Intibuca. 
The greater part of its surface is extremely mountainous and 
rugged, but the valleys and plains have the advantage of a healthful 
and pleasant climate and are devoted to agriculture and cattle 
raising. Very little it any mining is carried on, but in the Lepa- 
terique mountains are many abandoned mines which were profit- 
ably worked in colonial times, thus proving the existence of min- 
eral veins which will at some future time attract capital and skill 
to put them again in profitable operation. 

La Paz, the capital, is situated in the western extremity of the 
extensive and beautiful valley of Comayagua, at the foot of the 
hills called '' Los Manueles." Although founded in 1797, it is 
only within the past 1 5 years that it has increased rapidly in size 
and population. A good stone bridge has recently been built 
over the river Mura. It has also a very handsome church. Agri- 
culture and cattle dealing are the principal occupations. 

DEPARTMENT OF THE BAY ISLANDS. 

Capital, Ruatan. , 

Towns: Guanaja and Utila. 

This Department is composed of the islands of Ruatan, Gua- 
naja, Utila, Barbareta, Elena, and Morat, situated at from 25 to 
45 miles to the north of the coast of the Department of Colon. 
The island of Ruatan is the largest of the group, being 30 miles 
in length by 5 in its widest part. These islands are very fertile 
and well suited for the cultivation of all tropical products. Cocoa- 
nuts, bananas, and other fruits are at present their principal articles 
ot export. 

Ruatan, the capital, is situated on the slope of a picturesque 



28 HONDURAS. 

hill, the foot of which is bathed by the waters of a well-sheltered 
bay which forms the harbor. The climate is healthful, and Ruatan 
is the seat of a considerable and growing commerce, being visited 
by regular lines of steamships. Among its public buildings, are 
an edifice containing the Government offices; barracks and mili- 
tary headquarters, custom-house, town hall, law courts, prison, one 
Catholic and several Protestant churches, and a schoolhouse. 

POPULATION. 

According to the census taken in 1887, the population of Hon- 
duras was as follows • 



Departments. Population. 



Tegucigalpa ! 60, 1 70 

El Paraiso. . ! 18, 057 

Choluteca 43, 588 

Comayagua ! 16, 739 



La Paz 
Itibuca . 
Gracias. 



18, 800 
17. 942 
27, 8 16 

Copan 36.744 

Santa Barbara 32, 634 

Yoro I 13, 996 

Colon , 11,474 

Olancho 31, 132 



Bay Islands. 
Total . 



825 



331.917 



Divided by sexes into 163,073 males and 168,844 females. 
Of this total, 325,750 were Honduraneans and 6,167 were 
foreigners. Among the most numerous of the latter were — 

English I, 033 

Citizens of the United States 185 

Spaniard's 77 

French 72 

Germans 43 

The greater part of the remainder were natives of the other 
Central American Republics. It is estimated that the population 



HONDURAS. 29 

IS now considerably in excess of 400,000. A large proportion of 
the population are of mixed blood, showing every gradation of 
color from those of nearly pure Castilian lineage to the Indians. 
There are also many families that show no admixture of Indian 
blood. The laboring classes, whether of mixed or pure Indian 
blood, are, owing to the spread of education, evincing great 
capacity for improvement. Frugal, patient, industrious, and hon- 
est, they have many of the best qualities of a valuable working 
population, and only lack direction to become an important means 
for the development and improvement of the country. 

The district of Mosquitia, particularly in the neighborhood of 
the Caratasca Lagoon, contains many of the mixed race of negroes 
and Indians called Samhos. But the most active element of the 
northern coast are the Caribs, who are the descendants of the 
Caribs of St. Vincent, who were deported by the English in 1796 
and carried en masse to the coast of Honduras. They constitute 
a good and useful laboring population. They are expert boatmen, 
and in that vocation, the women are equal to the men. They 
are also the principal reliance of the mahogany-cutters as axmen. 

There are many Indian tribes who still retain their ancient 
language and many ot their primitive habits. As a rule, they are 
industrious, provident, and peaceable, and as education spreads 
among them and means of locomotion and intercommunication 
become more advanced, they will gradually become amalgamated 
with the Spanish-speaking natives. 



Chapter IV. 



CONSTITUTION AND FORM OF GOVERNMENT. 

Honduras is a free, sovereign, and independent republic. The 
constitution''" is extremely liberal, and is largely modeled after 
that of the United States. It guarantees to all the inhabitants ot 
the Republic, natives or foreigners, inviolability ot life, individual 
security, liberty, equality, and the rights of property. It also 
guarantees the right of habeas corpus. The privilege of stlt- 
defense is inviolable. Torture is forbidden. Restrictions that are 
not absolutely necessary for the security of prisoners are prohibited. 
Traffic in slaves is a penal offense, and the slave that treads the 
soil ot Honduras becomes free. 

The constitution grants no privileges of caste: before the law, 
all men are equal. All foreigners possess equal privileges and 
enjoy the same civil rights as natives. Foreigners may, in conse- 
quence, buy, sell, locate, and possess all kinds of property, and 
dispose of it in the form prescribed by law. They may exercise 
all industries and professions, enter the country freely and leave 
it with their property, and visit with their ships the ports of the 
Republic and navigate its seas and rivers. 

They are exempt from extraordinary contributions and are 
guaranteed entire liberty of conscience. They mav construct 
churches and establish cemeteries in any part of the Republic, 
and their marriage contracts shall not be invalidated by not being 
in conformity with the regulations of any sect or creed if they 

* For tianslatuju o{ constitution iii full see Appendix A, page 67 
30 



HONDURAS. 



31 



have been legally celebrated. Every inhabitant is free to profess 
publicly or privately the religion he prefers. The Government 
acknowledges no official religion. 

There is no censorship of the press. No inhabitant may be 
molested for the expression of his opinions, if such opinions do not 
infringe the laws, or for any act that does not disturb the pubUc 
peace. The Republic considers it a sacred duty to promote and 
protect public instruction in all its branches. Primary instruction 
is obligatory, secular, and free. No minister of any religious 
sect is permitted to direct any school or college maintained by 
the State. No one may be deprived of his property except by 
course of law or by sentence of law. The domestic hearth is 
inviolable- Epistolary correspondence, telegrams, private papers, 
and books used in commerce are inviolable. 

Police regulations are exercised solely by the civil authorities. 
Service in the army is obligatory; every Honduranean between 
the ages of 18 and 35 years is considered a soldier of the active 
army, and every one from 35 to 40 a soldier of the reserve. 
Foreigners are exempt from military service and naturalized cit- 
izens are exempt for ten years. 

The Government is divided into three branches — the legislative, 
executive, and judicial. 

The legislative power is exercised by a single chamber of dep- 
uties, elected directly by the people, which meets in the capital 
of the Republic every two years between the 1st and the 15th of 
January. Its sessions last sixty days, unless sooner adjourned by 
agreement with the executive. Extra sessions may be called at 
any time, but in that case, no business can be transacted beyond 
that expressed in the call. The deputies are elected for four 
years. The constitution provides that one deputy shall be elected 
to represent every 10,000 inhabitants, but as no congressional dis- 
tricts have yet been established, each department ^elects three rep- 
resentatives, excepting that of the Bay Islands, which is allowed 



32 HONDURAS. 

but one. Three-fourths of the members constitute a quorum. A 
simple majority determines a question. 

The executive power is exercised by a citizen who is styled 
President of the Republic. He must be a native of Honduras, 
above thirty years of age, and in possession ot all the rights of 
citizenship. He is chosen by direct vote of the people and his 
election is declared by Congress. But if, on scrutiny of the vote, 
no absolute majority is found, Congress shall proceed to elect a 
President from the three candidates having the largest number ot 
votes. In this case, the election shall be public and must be con- 
cluded in one session. The term of office is four years, and the 
President may be elected for a second term, but can not be chosen 
for a third term until after the lapse of four years from the termi- 
nation ot his second term of office. 

Members of the cabinet are appointed by the President. They 
may be present at the sessions of Congress and take part in the 
debates, but have no vote. 

The judicial power is exercised by a supreme court and minor 
tribunals. The supreme court is composed of five judges, which 
is located in the capital of the Republic, and its jurisdiction extends 
to all the departments. The presidency ot the court is exercised 
by each judge in turn. Four courts of appeals exercise jurisdic- 
tion in the districts allotted to them. A court of letters, presided 
over by a single judge, is located at the capital of each depart- 
ment. There are also one or two justices of the peace in all the 
cities and towns ot the Republic, according to the number of 
inhabitants. 

Governors of departments are appointed by the President. 

The laws are codified. There exists no statute of limitations; 
therefore, no indebtedness can be outlawed. Gambling and betting 
debts can not be collected by law, but debts for mtoxicating liquors 
are collectible. 



Chapter V. 



EDUCATION AND RELIGION. 

Within the past few years, the Government of Honduras has 
made great efforts to extend educational facilities both in the 
primary and higher grades. Primary education is free and com- 
pulsory and as heretofore stated, is entirely secular, no priest or 
minister of any denomination being allowed to preside over or 
teach in any school which is supported or subsidized by the Gov- 
ernment. 

For the higher grades of education, the following establishments 
exist: 

At Tegucigalpa, the Central University, with departments of 
law, medicine, literature, and science. In connection with the 
university, there is a free public library which was founded by 
President Soto in 1880. There are also the National Scientific 
and Literary Institute, the Female College, with courses in modern 
languages, music, domestic economy, physiology, and hygiene, a 
manual training school for mechanic and decorative arts, and an 
ecclesiastical college and parochial school attached, which is sup- 
ported by and is under the control of the Roman Catholic Church. 

At Yuscaran, college and high school attached. At Danli, 
high school. At Santa Barbara, college for higher education, 
including classes in geology, mineralogy, zoology, botany, book- 
keeping, and mercantile law and usage. At Santa Rosa, college 
of sciences and letters, with lower school attached. 

The Government has also authorized the establishment of col- 
Bull. 57 3 33 



34 HONDURAS. 

leges for higher education in the cities of Gracias, Juticalpa, and 
La Paz. 

There is at each capital of a department, a school for secondary 
education and training of teachers which is subsidized by the Gov- 
ernment. There are in the Republic, 640 primary schools, with 
an attendance of 21,707 pupils, for the maintenance of which the 
Government paid in the last census year the sum of $100,474. 

RELIGION. 

The constitution guarantees absolute freedom to all forms of 
religion. The state does not contribute to the support of any 
creed, but exercises the right of inspection and control of all, 
according to the law and the police regulations concerning their 
external ceremonies. The prevailing religion is the Roman Cath- 
olic, but there are Protestant churches at Puerto Cortez, San 
Pedro, and on the Bay Islands. The whole Republic forms a 
diocese of the Roman Catholic Church, under the charge of a 
bishop, who resides at Comayagua, where the cathedral is located. 



Chapter VI. 



AGRICULTURAL RESOURCES— CLIMATE AND SEASONS. 

The agricultural resources of Honduras are extremely varied. 
Almost every vegetable product that flourishes in any part of 
the hemisphere can be grown within its boundaries, and there is 
scarcely a limit to the variety of the crops that can be gathered 
from its fertile soil. In fact, in addition to its wealth of tropical 
products, most of those grown in the temperate zone can be raised 
advantageously in some part of the territory of the Republic. 
This is the effect of the great diversity of climate, due to the 
peculiar topographical formation of the country. Thus, some 
landholders may embrace within their territory all the gradations 
of climate from the northern temperate to the glowing heat of the 
tropics. 

That these magnificent advantages have not been more thor- 
oughly utilized and developed is mainly due to the lack of facili- 
ties for transportation. From this cause, there exists, in many 
localities, little inducement for the agriculturist to raise more than 
enough to supply his own needs or the demands of some local 
market which may be within a reasonable distance from his home. 
To this lack of stimulus which an- increased demand would sup- 
ply, may be largely attributed the primitive system of agriculture 
practiced by the inhabitants. Ground is cleared and planted in 
the simplest manner. The milpas or maize^ patches in which the 
corn is raised which forms the staple food of man and mule, are, 

35 



36 HONDURAS. 

if the ground is wooded, merely burned over. A hole is made 
in the ground with an iron pointed stick, and a kernel of corn is 
dropped into each hole and covered over by a motion of the foot 
of the farmer. Such a thing as cultivation of the growing crop is 
almost unknown, and even the most fertile plains, if ploughed at 
all, are merely scratched a few inches in depth. As a consequence, 
the production of cereals is seldom sufficient for home consump- 
tion, necessitating the importation every year from the United 
States of both corn and flour. 

BANANAS. 

Within the past few years, the largely increased demand for 
tropical fruits in the United States and Europe has led to an 
immense development in the cultivation of bananas, on the north 
coast of Honduras and in the valley of San Pedro Sula, on lands 
within easy reach of ocean transportation. The rapid transit which 
has been established by several steamship lines, particularly those 
to New Orleans, has given Honduras a great advantage in this 
trade, as every day saved in transportation means a saving from 
loss by damage, decay, and over-ripening, and consequently the 
landing of the fruit in better condition for inland transportation. 

In starting a banana plantation, the timber and brush are cut 
down and allowed to lie until the warm sun of the dry season has 
thoroughly dried them; they are then burned. Then, the sprouts 
or suckers, which cost from $1 to $1.50 per hundred, are planted 
m shallow holes dug in the soil about 1 5 feet from each other in 
every direction, which allows about two hundred and twenty-five 
plants per acre. Nothing else is done except to cut down the 
weeds and undergrowth with the machete so as to allow access to 
the plants. It would, of course, be better to cultivate the land 
and keep it thoroughly clear of weeds, but as good crops can be 
obtained without this no one cares to incur the extra expense. 
Nine months after planting, the first crop can be cut, and a 



HONDURAS. 



37 



monthly harvest can thenceforward be gathered for many years 
without replanting. The original sprout grows a stalk or tree 
which bears a bunch of fruit; this is cut down when the fruit is, 
gathered. In the meantime, several young sprouts have been 
growing. Thus, from a single root, from four to six bunches can 
be gathered every year. The stalks, as they are cut down, are cut 
up and thrown around the roots to fertilize the soil. 

At a very small expenditure for care or cultivation, a plantation 
can be safely estimated to yield in the first year 200 bunches per 
acre, and in the succeeding years, at least three or four times as 
many. The price varies, of course, according to demand and 
supply, but even at 37^' cents (3 reals) a bunch, which has been 
for some years the minimum price, it will be seen that banana- 
raising is a profitable industry. The banana requires a deep soil, 
rich in alluvial deposits; it is, therefore, especially adapted to the 
fertile low lands easy of access to rivers and the sea. In the valley 
of San Pedro Sula, the exportation of bananas has supplied the 
bulk of the freight carried on the railroad which extends to the 
town of San Pedro, 37 miles from the harbor of Puerto Cortez, 
and the facilities it has offered have led to the establishment of 
plantations along its line and further from the sea than in other 
parts of the country. 



COFFEE. 



Coffee of fine quality is grown on the uplands of the interior 
of Honduras with great success. The chief obstacle to the prog- 
ress of this industry has been the lack of means for transportation 
to the coast. Whenever this question is solved, Honduras will 
become as great a producer of coffee as any of the other Central 
American republics, as the country possesses every other element 
necessary for success in the production of this staple. Coffee 
grows best at an elevation of from 1,000 to 4,000 feet; conse- 
quently, its production must be confined to the highlands of the 



^8 HONDURAS. 

interior, whence the transportation to the coast is only by moun- 
tainous bridle paths on mule-back, at an expense which is prohib- 
itory to raising coffee for exportation. 

In starting a coffee plantation, the young plants can be pur- 
chased, or, if the planter makes his own nursery, the seeds should 
be planted not later than the month of May, The young plants 
should be transplanted when they have attained a height of about 
18 inches, which will be in about a year. They are generally 
set out about 10 feet apart, or about 500 to the acre. The coffee 
plant, when young, is delicate and requires protection from wind 
and sun ; for this purpose, bananas or other quick-growing trees 
are planted between the rows. When the coffee tree attains a 
height of 5 or 6 feet, it is topped to prevent its growing higher, so 
as to facilitate the gathering of the crop. It blossoms in March; 
the flowers are pure white in color and very fragrant; the fruit is 
a fleshy berry, having the appearance of a cherry, which becomes 
dark red as it ripens. Each fruit contains two seeds, which form 
the raw coffee of commerce. The trees begin to bear in the third 
year, and will continue to increase until the sixth or seventh, when 
a full crop is produced of from 1 to 3 pounds or even more per 
tree. In November, at the beginning of the dry season, the ber- 
ries are ripe and ready for the harvest. 

The preparation of coffee for the market is a most important 
part of the work and constitutes the largest item of annual expend- 
iture in its production. The berries are first lightly crushed and 
washed in running water in tanks, where they are allowed to fer- 
ment; by this process, they are freed from the pulpy covering and 
outer skin. They are then spread out to dry in the open air in 
specially prepared yards or patios. When thoroughly dried, they 
are passed through a machine, which frees them from the fine 
skin which covers each grain. The coffee is then sorted by hand, 
and all broken and damaged grains are removed. At the prices 
which have prevailed for some years past, the raising of coffee has 



HONDURAS. ^Q 

been a very profitable industry wherever moderate rates for trans- 
portation could be obtained, and even those planters in Honduras 
who have raised it for home consumption have prospered. 

TOBACCO. 

The soil and climate of Honduras are well adapted to tobacco 
culture, as has been thoroughly demonstrated during the past 
century, particularly in the Department of Copan. The tobacco 
of Honduras enjoys a high reputation throughout Central America, 
where it is generally known. Its production, however, has been 
limited, as it has been a Government monopoly, and could only 
be cultivated by license and under stringent regulations. From 
this cause, it has been little known abroad This obstacle to the 
expansion of the industry has now been removed by a decree 
published during the past year, allowing tobacco to be cultivated 
in all the departments of the Republic. By the terms of this 
decree, planters will have to record the number of their plants. 
The minimum to be raised on one plantation is 100,000 plants, 
except in the Department of Copan, where 8,000 is the smallest 
number allowed. For every 8,000 plants, $20 must be paid to 
the State. 

At the New Orleans Exposition, in 1884, samples of leaf tobacco 
and cigars, raised and manufactured in Honduras, were exhibited 
and obtained the highest premium, although exposed to compe- 
tition with the products of Mexico and Cuba. A Belgian com- 
pany has recently purchased a large tract of land in the Depart- 
ment of Copan, and is preparing to embark in the enterprise of 
raising tobacco on a large scale. 

On and after July 12, 1894, the export duty to be levied on 
tobacco will be — 

Dollars. 

100 pounds leaf, first class 2. oo 

loo pounds leaf, second class , i. 50 

I, 000 fine cigars i. 00 

I, 000 ordinary cigars ; 50 



^O HONDURAS. 

INDIA RUBBER. 



India rubber is obtained from a tree growing to a height of 
50 to 60 feet. It grows more rapidly and is generally taller and 
straighter than the rubber-producing trees of Brazil. The native 
name for rubber is ule and the collectors of it are called uleros. 
Although the wasteful and destructive methods which have been 
used have caused a great loss of trees, the spontaneous production 
still goes on, and it will be many years before the natural supply 
is exhausted. This industry will doubtless become an important 
factor in the future industrial development of the Republic. Where 
plantations have been made, about 1 60 trees have been placed in 
each acre. The trees should not be tapped until ten years old ; 
they will then, with care, continue to produce for many years. It 
is estimated that a tree will net to its owner about $6 per year. 
The success that has thus far attended the i^yff experiments that 
have been made proves incontestibly that the rubber tree is sus- 
ceptible of cultivation. The only drawback, of course, is that the 
planter would have to wait ten years for his first return on the 
capital invested. 



COCOA NUTS. 



Cocoanut trees thrive on the seacoasts and around the lagoons. 
In making plantations, the trees are usually set 30 feet apart, and 
grow to a height of from 40 to 60 feet. In from five to six years, 
they commence to bear and continue to do so for many years. Each 
tree will produce from one hundred to three hundred nuts annu- 
ally. They are a very profitable crop, as they require no care or 
cultivation. The nuts ripen throughout the year and are not per- 
ishable or liable to damage, as bananas are, by rough handling or 
delays in shipping. To anyone who can afford to wait six years 
for his first crop, a cocoanut grove is a good investment. 



HONDURAS. 41 

SUGAR CANE. 

Honduras is particularly suitable tor the production of sugar. 
The cane attains a size and perfection that would astonish a 
Louisiana planter. The crop is also perennial. There are many 
plantations that have not been replanted tor twenty-five or thirty 
years and are still yielding bountiful crops of the finest quality 
of cane. The sugar cane of Honduras is less fibrous and 
woody, and is softer than that grown in the United States and 
yields a larger percentage ot saccharine matter. In every valley 
in the Republic, more or less of it can be seen waving its green 
ribbons in the breeze. Cattle are very fond of it; everyone who 
owns stock has a patch of cane for feed, and every traveler looks 
to it as a provision for his mule when corn is scarce. With 
proper machinery, as fine sugar could be produced as is made in 
any part ot the world. At present, the only kind made is the 
coarse brown dulce^ or common sugar used by the natives. All 
higher grades are imported, and refined sugar is sold at retail at 
2 5' cents per pound. Aguardiente, or native rum, is also made 
from it, but this is a government monopoly and the right to man- 
ufacture it has to be obtained. There is considerable illicit dis- 
tilling carried on in remote nooks and corners of the Republic. 

COTTON. 

The cotton plant grows to perfection in the warm tropical 
valleys and lowlands of Honduras. It grows into. a tall, woody 
stemmed shrub, and does not require replanting for ten or more 
years. It is wonderfully productive, and the quality of the fiber 
is as fine and long in staple as the best produced in the United 
States. The samples of Honduras cotton shown at the New 
Orleans Exposition were highly commended and were a revelation 
to the Southern planters who inspected them. 



42 HONDURAS. 

OTHER CROPS. 

Two good crops of corn are raised In Honduras yearly, and in 
some districts, a third is planted, which, however, is cut before 
maturity for fodder. Rice, of both the upland and lowland 
varieties, grows luxuriantly and is of the finest quality. The 
cultivation of pineapples is becoming more extended than for- 
merly, and this fruit promises to become an important article for 
export. 

Two crops of oranges can be produced per year in Honduras, 
and the size and quality are such that, with proper attention to 
cultivation, they could be made equal to the best imported from 
Sicily. Thus far, little attention has been paid to their culture, 
but latterly, more interest has been shown in this direction. Lem- 
ons, limes, citrons, and shaddocks are also indigenous and would 
yield good returns by cultivation. 

Irish and sweet potatoes, pears, and vegetables of all kinds can 
be easily grown. Grapes, plums, figs, dates, almonds, olives, and 
the long list of tropical fruits all grow luxuriantly, and most of 
them are indigenous. 

Sarsaparilla, vanilla, and many medicinal plants and herbs, some 
of them unknown to our pharmacopoeia, abound in the forests, and 
would amply repay for capital and labor spent in their utilization. 

With such a wonderful array of natural resources, all that is 
needed to give an immense impetus to agriculture is the improve- 
ment of the roads and the construction of railroads. With these 
facilities for marketing its products, the whole face of the country 
would soon be changed and many a square mile of fertile land 
now lying idle and unprofitable would be made to blossom as the 
rose and add its quota to the wealth of the Republic. 

The laws of Honduras governing the disposition of the public 
lands are extremely liberal and afford every facility for obtaining 
them on very easy terms. A full translation of these laws will be 
found in Appendix B, page 82. 



HONDURAS. 4^ 

On the 6th of October, 1893, ^ decree was published, for the 
encouragement of agriculture, which grants a bonus of 5 cents on 
each coffee tree planted, provided that the number is not less than 
^,000 trees, and 10 cents on each cacao or India-rubber tree, if not 
less than 2,000 are planted. Upon satisfactory proof, the amounts 
are to be paid in cash by the collector of revenue of the district in 
which the plantation is situated. This decree will not apply to 
cases where the Government has granted valuable concessions on 
the condition that coffee, cacao, or India-rubber trees should be 
planted. 

CLIMATE AND SEASONS. 

It is almost impossible to describe the climate of Honduras by 
any general statement. In fact, there exists nowhere in the world 
outside of Central America such a great variety of climate in so 
small a space. Owing to the varying elevations of its surface, and 
consequently, its varying exposures to the winds, Honduras has 
a variety of climate, temperature, and moisture suited to every 
constitution and to the cultivation of the products of every zone. 
The lowlands of the Atlantic coast are the hottest part of the coun- 
try, or, rather, the heat is felt more oppressively there on account of 
the humidity of the atmosphere. The heat on the Pacific coast 
is probably about the same, so far as the actual temperature is 
concerned, but it is felt less, on account of the greater dryness of 
the air. 

The highlands and plateaus of the interior have a most delightful 
climate, exceedingly temperate and uniform. Frost and snoware, 
of course, unknown in any part of the country, and the heat is 
tempered by the trade winds which sweep across the country from 
ocean to ocean. On both coasts, heavy dews fall during the night, 
so that vegetation is always, even in the dry season, profuse and 
plentiful. On the elevated central plateaus, where the altitude is 
3,000 feet and over, the dews are very slight and the nights are as 
dry as the days. Even in the hottest part of the lowlands, the 



44 HONDURAS. 

thermometer rarely rises above 9^° or falls below 42°, showing only 
an extreme range ot 53°. 

The following table of temperatures, observed in one year at 
Tegucigalpa, will give a fair idea ot the climate ot the highlands 
of the interior: 



January. . . 
Februaiy . 
March . . . 

April 

May 

June 

July 

August . . 
September 
October . . 
November 
December 



Temperature. | 

1 


Highest. 


Lowest. 


°F 


- 1 
°F 


79 


54 


' 84 


52 


88 


55 


89 


56 


90 


63 


86 


65 


84 


64 


84 


62 


84 


61 


83 


61 


82 


61 


3i 


50 1 



Extreme 
difference. 



J^cg?-ecs. 



33 
33 
27 
21 
20 
22 

23 
22 
21 
31 



There are but two seasons, the wet and the dry. These are 
much influenced in their commencement and duration by local 
causes, so that what is true of one part of the country may be 
only partially true of another. However, the rainy season, called 
by the natives invlenw^ or winter, generally commences in May 
and lasts until November, and the dry season, called I'^v-^z//*?, or 
summer, begins in November and lasts until May. 

On the whole, Honduras is a very healthtul country The cli- 
mate of the coast lands may be trying to a new arrival trom the 
North, but not more so than the lowlands ot Louisiana or Missis- 
sippi, and with ordinary prudence, no one need sufter trom sick- 
ness. For the newcomer, it will be well to avoid too much 
indulgence in tropical fruits, to which he is unaccustomed, not to 
eat too heartily ot animal food, and above all, to be temperate in 
the use ot alcoholic liquors. For all who have weak lungs or are 
sutfering trom any affection ot the respiratory organs, the interior 
of Honduras will prove to be a perfect sanitarium. 



Chapter VII. 



ANIMAL INDUSTRY AND FORESTRY. 

Honduras has many and great natural advantages for raising 
live stock of all kinds. The soil, climate, and natural grasses are 
all extremely favorable for the business. No epizooty or other 
seriaus disease has ever existed among cattle there; no frost injures 
the grass, no ice closes the streams, no snow nor hard winters injure 
the herds, and no fierce storms scatter them in this land of per- 
petual spring and summer, watered by bounteous streams, and 
rendered fertile by refreshing showers. Large herds of cattle are 
owned in the Departments of Santa Barbara, Comayagua, and 
Tegucigalpa, but the greatest development of the business and. the 
largest herds are in the Departments of Olancho, Gracias, Yoro, 
and Copan, which surpass all others as grazing regions. For cen- 
turies, cattle have ranged on the mesas and plains of Honduras, 
where shade is furnished by scattered live oaks and other trees 
and by the hills. Stock finds nothing to tempt or drive it to 
stray; consequently, there is no expense for fencing, and there is 
need for but few men to care for the herds. Notwithstanding all 
these advantages, and the fact that for centuries the cattle trade 
has been one of the principal industries of the country, little has 
been done to improve the stock by the introduction of improved 
blood or by the selection of the best animals with which to add to 
size, strength, or quality, as is done by breeders in other countries. 
The cattle still show evidences of their Spanish origin, and in 
spite of poor business methods, are profitable to their owners. 
They are of excellent quality for beef, of good size, and remark- 
ably docile. With improved methods of treatment, they could 
be made very valuable. 

45 



46 HONDURAS. 

By law, all owners of cattle have the right to graze their stock 
on the Government lands, but no one has a right to inclose these 
lands without first obtaining a concession from the Government 
or becoming their owner by purchase. Ownership of stock is 
indicated by branding, as in the United States. The various 
brands are recorded in the districts where the herds are kept, and 
when sold, the brand is duly described in the bill of sale. A tax 
of $2 per head is levied by the Government on each sale of cattle, 
and a municipal tax of 50 cents per head upon slaughtering. A 
duty of $2 per head is imposed on bulls and steers exported, and 
$16 for every cow. This latter duty is, of course, prohibitory, as 
it was intended to be, and it practically prevents the exportation 
of cows from the Republic. Slaughtering heifers or cows capable 
of breeding is prohibited by law. 

These regulations are causing a rapid increase of the cattle of the 
country. It is estimated that there are now 600,000 cows in the 
Republic, and the number of beeves fit for market every year is 
between 200,000 and 300,000. The markets for the cattle of 
Honduras are found in the towns and cities of the country and in 
the adjoining Republics, particularly Guatemala and Salvador. If 
larger home markets could be created, or if canning factories should 
be established on the coast, Honduras would be equal to any part 
of the United States as a cattle-growing region. 

The horses of Honduras retain many of the peculiarities of their 
Arab ancestors introduced by the Spaniards. They are small, of 
good build, clean of limb, with plenty of courage and intelligence. 
They are used almost entirely for the saddle, and have great powers 
of endurance, although they have not been inured to it by hard 
draft or pack work, for which service mules are almost invariably 
preferred. The conditions of climate, pasturage, water, etc., are 
such that, by the introduction of improved stallions, horse breeding 
might be made a very profitable business. 

The burro or ass is not used in Honduras, as in Mexico, as 
a beast of burden, but is kept solely for the production of mules. 



HONDURAS. 47 

The latter are in universal use for pack animals and very gener- 
ally for the saddle. Usually, they are rather small in size, but 
hardy to a wonderful degree. Their surefootedness and sagacity 
make them invaluable in traversing the difficult and in many 
places dangerous mountain trails. Mules of large size and well 
broken for the saddle command high prices, ranging from $100 
to $300. Ordinary cargo mules bring from $30 to $75. They 
are not shod. Eight arrobas (200 pounds) constitute the ordinary 
load for a pack mule. 

The native hog is smaller than the average of the varieties found 
in the United States. They have long snouts, scanty bristles, short 
legs, and long body. When crossed with improved varieties, they 
produce a valuable breed. They are kept universally throughout 
the country. Raising hogs as a systematic industry would be very 
profitable in Honduras, as the meat always brings good prices and 
lard is used for all cooking purposes, as no butter is to be had 
except that which is imported and which sells at a price that is pro- 
hibitory to the majority of the people. Corn, yams, and other 
food for hogs to supplement what they could find for themselves 
could be easily and cheaoly raised. 

FORESTRY. 

The forests of Honduras constitute a very large proportion of 
the natural wealth of the country ; they are second only to its min- 
erals in point of value, and are more available, as they require less 
skill and capital to obtain a profit from them. Cabinet woocis of 
finest quality abound. Notable among these are mahogany, rose- 
wood, ebony, and others almost unknown abroad. The mahog- 
any tree grows in the valleys in nearly all parts of Honduras, but 
it is found principally on the low lands of the northern coast. It 
is a magnificent tree, and all others are insignificant in comparison 
with it. It is of very slow growth. It has been calculated that it 
requires three hundred years to attain a size fit for cutting. The 
first men to introduce the industry ot mahogany cuttmg mto Hon- 



48 HONDURAS. 

duras came from Belize about one hundred and fifty years ago, 
bringing with them their slaves and cattle. The remains of some 
of their camps may still be seen in the depths of the forests. 

The timber on Government land is free for anyone to cut, pro- 
vided that he first obtains a permit and proves that he has means 
to transport it to market. This provision is to prevent waste, as 
in former years much was cut and left to decay. 

Mahogany can be cut at any season of the year, but it is gen- 
erally felled during the rainy season, so that the logs may be ready 
to truck as soon as the dry season commences. A mahogany 
camp is generally established on the bank of a river, where the 
underbrush is cleared and cabins built. It is generally composed 
of from thirty to fifty men, who are divided into companies, each 
company having a captain. One man, called the hunter, finds 
the trees fit for cutting. While one company is felling trees, 
others are cuttmg truck roads from the trees to the river. No 
trees are felled of less than 8 feet in circumference. The wages 
of the men vary, but the average is, for foreman or manager, $60 
to $100 per month; captains, $15 to $20; laborers and choppers, 
$10 to $14 per month and rations. The oxen employed in haul- 
ing the logs are fed principally on the leaves of the Masica or 
bread-nut tree, which forms excellent and nutritious food and 
grows plentifully in all forests where mahogany is found. 

The export duty on mahogany and cedar is $8 per 1 ,000 super- 
ficial feet. 

The cedar ranks among the most valuable and useful trees. It 
is found in all the valleys, but more particularly in those of the 
principal rivers near the coast. It attains a height of 70 to 80 
feet and a diameter of from 4 to 7 feet It is used more exten- 
sively than any other wood in Honduras from the fact that it is 
light and easily worked, as well as ornamental in color and agree- 
able in smell. 

The Ceiba or silk cotton tree is abundant and grows to vast 



HONDURAS. 49 

size. It is frequently used by the natives for making boats, some 
of which are ot large dimensions, by merely hollowing out the 
trunk. This tree blooms two or three times a year and its vivid 
red flowers render the forests brilliant. It produces a pod con- 
taining a downy fibre or cotton, which may be put to some useful 
purpose. Its wood is soft and easily worked, which leads to its 
being largely used for building purposes. 

The long-leaved or pitch pine is one of the commonest and 
most useful trees. It covers all the highlands and mountains of 
Honduras from sea to sea. The trees do not grow closely together, 
but stand well apart, permitting the grass to flourish beneath and 
around them, imparting a park-like appearance to the country and 
affording good grazing. These trees are rich in resinous material, 
and the wood is firm, heavy, and durable. The pine forests will 
in the future be utilized to furnish pitch, tar, and timber for the 
needs, of commerce. 

In addition to these woods, the country produces numerous others 
all more or less useful, such as the guanacasta, live oak, Santa 
Maria, sapodilla, iron wood, calabash, button wood, granadilla, 
lignum vitte, and many others. Dyewoods are also abundant, 
including logwood, Brazil wood, fustic, and others. 

Trees and plants producing gums and medicines are not less 
numerous, including gum arable, copaiba, liquid amber, ipecac- 
uanha, castor oil, balsam, and last, but not least, the ule or rubber 
tree. 

Journeying through Honduras one is never out of sight of a 
fiber-producing plant; amongthe most important of these is the -pita. 
The great abundance of fibers that can be utilized for the manu- 
facture of various fabrics, from the coarsest cordage and bagging 
to others as strong as linen and brilliant as silk, or for making 
all grades of paper, some of which would be strong as parchment, 
must eventually be utilized and will form -a great and wealth- 
producing industry. 
Bufl. 57 4 



Chapter VI 11. 



MINERALS AND MINING. 

Among the Republics of Central America, Honduras is one 
of the richest in mineral resources. Of the Departments into 
which it is divided, there are only two or three that are not rich in 
the precious metals and other minerals. During the whole period 
of Spanish rule, mining was the predominant interest, but the 
political disturbances that followed and were incident to the struggle 
for independence were ruinous to the industry. Mine after mine 
was abandoned, and when once the works had suffered from neglect, 
there was neither the capital nor the energy to restore them. Vast 
as were the returns from these old mines in the colonial period, the 
methods used in mining and treating the ores were of the rudest 
description. The mines were seldom worked to any considerable 
depth, and there are now hundreds of mines scattered over the 
country, abandoned and filled with water, which could be profitably 
worked by the application of proper machinery. But here inter- 
venes the great obstacle which hinders the progress of all industries 
in Honduras, the lack of railroads or even good wagon roads by 
which machinery and supplies can be transported at a moderate 
cost. 

Although silver ores are the most abundant, there is no lack of 
profitable veins of gold, while on the Atlantic slope, almost every 
stream deposits more or less gold, and placers are numerous. The 
deposits of copper are of unsurpassed richness and value, but must 
remain unprofitable until the difficulty of communication is rem- 
edied. Iron ores occur in vast beds, much of it highly magnetic 
and of high grade. If the conditions for marketing the products 

50 



HONDURAS. 51 

were favorable, it could be produced in any desirable quantity. 
Many other minerals have been discovered at different points, 
but have not been sufficiently explored or developed to ascertain 
whether they admit of economic production. 

Opals of good quality are found, principally in the Department 
of Gracias. The mines near Erandique, in that Department, have 
been worked to a large extent and have been very productive. 

Within the past ten years, a considerable revival has taken place 
in mining in Honduras, and in spite of the formidable obstacles 
to transportation, and consequent great expense, some large reduc- 
tion mills have been built and a quantity of heavy machinery 
introduced. 

There are now a number ot foreign mining companies in more 
or less active operation in Honduras, among which are the fol- 
lowing : 

The New York and Honduras Rosario Mining Company, district of San 
Juancito; The Santa Lucia Mining and Milling Company, district of Santa 
Lucia; The Suyape Silver Concession (Limited), district of Tegucigalpa; The 
Victoria Mining and Milling Company, district of Santa Lucia; The Zurcher 
Hermanos Mining and Milling Company, district of Yuscaran ; The Guvabillas 
Mining Company, district of Yuscaran; The New Guyabillas Company (Lim- 
ited), district of Yuscaran; The Yuscaran Mining Company of Yuscaran ; The 
Central American Reduction Company of Yuscaran ; The Monserratt Mining 
Company, district of Yuscaran ; The Los Angeles Mining and Smelting Com- 
pany, district of Valle de Angeles ; The San Marcos Mining and Milling Com- 
pany, district of Sabanagrande ; The Guasucaran California Mining and Milling 
Company, district of Guasucaran ; The New Orleans and Curaren Mineral 
Company of Curaren ; The Dos Hermanos Mining and Milling Company, dis- 
trict of San Juan del Corpus; The El Salto Mining Company, Santa Barbara; 
The La Labor Smelting Company, Copan ; The Aramecina United Gold and 
Silver Mining Company (Limited), district of Aramecina; The Central Amer- 
ican Syndicate, districts of Tegucigalpa, Paraiso, and Choluteca (Honduranean 
and French) ; The San Rafael Mining and Milling Company, district of Gober- 
nado, Nacaome ; The Cortland and Honduras Mining Association, district of 
Nacaome ; The Clavo Rico Mining Company^, district of EI Corpus; The 
Dakota Mining Company of Minas de Oro ; The A. Y. Gold Ledge Company 
of Quebrada Grande, Olancho ; The Guyape Placer Mining Company, district 



52 HONDURAS. 

of Olancho- The Retiro Honduras Gold Mining Company of Olancho; The 
Honduras Gold Placer Mining Company, district of Retiro, Olancho; The 
Concordia Gold Mining Company, district of Concordia, Olancho ; The Olan- 
cho Syndicate, district of Olancho ; The Rector Mining and Milling Company 
of Olancho; The Santa Cruz Mining and Milling Company, district of Santa 
Cruz, Santa Barbara; The New York and Camalote Mining Company, district 
of Camalote, Santa Barbara. 

There is also a syndicate, organized in France, which is engaged 
in mining operations at San Martin, near the Pacific coast, and 
intends to extend its operations to several other points. 

The mines of the first named in the above list, the Rosario 
Company, are situated at Juancinto, about 20 miles from Teguci- 
galpa. The company has a 45-stamp mill and employs about 
200 men. It is shipping on an average about $100,000 worth of 
bullion every month. 

The Government has done everything in its power to facilitate 
and encourage mining enterprise and the investment ot foreign 
capital. The mining laws are very liberal. (A translation of them 
will be found in Appendix C, page 97.) Concessions of all kinds 
have been granted to miners and speculators with almost too lav- 
ish a hand, and the Government has done all that its financial 
condition would permit toward improving the roads. It has also 
established a department of mining and mineralogy, at the head 
of which is Dr. R. Fritzgartner, a scientific mineralogist of repu- 
tation both in Europe and the United States, who publishes at 
the capital a journal in English called the Honduras Mining 
Journal, which has rendered considerable service to the country 
by disseminating valuable information as to its resources. 

On the 12th of October, 1893, a decree was published impos- 
ing an annual tax of 25 cents per manzana (1^ acres) on all con- 
cessions of mineral lands heretofore granted or which may here- 
after be granted, payable in the month of January in each year. 
The penalty for default in payment is the forfeiture of all rights 
and privileges in the said lands. 



Chapter IX. 



TRANSPORTATION— POSTAL AND TELEGRAPH FACILITIES. 

As has been frequently mentioned in preceding pages, in refer- 
ring to the various resources and industries of Honduras, the 
whole future development and progress of the country depend 
upon the improvement of its means of internal communication 
and transportation. The experience which the country has had 
in trying to obtain an interoceanic railroad has been particularly 
unfortunate. Nature has done her part by endowing Honduras 
with all the conditions indispensable for an interoceanic route, viz : 

Good ports at both extremities; an advantageous geographical 
position with respect to the commercial centers of the world; an 
interruption or depression in the mountain ranges offering facili- 
ties tor a direct line and light grades; a healthful and fertile coun- 
try capable of furnishing supplies and only awaiting the coming 
of the road to produce material that would afford profitable traffic. 
But all these natural advantages have been neutralized or held in 
abeyance for a quarter of a century by the persons who obtained 
control of the enterprise of building the road. 

At first, an attempt was made to organize a company in the 
United States for that purpose; but this effort having failed, 
recourse was had to Great Britain, and a company was formed 
there to undertake the enterprise. The Government of Hon- 
duras, realizing the supreme importance* of the proposed railroad 
to the interests of the country, granted a concession of almost 
unparalled liberality for, the construction of a narrow-gauge road 

53 



5'4 HONDURAS. 

from Puerto Cortez to the Gulf of Fonseca, a distance of about 
240 miles. This concession granted 10 square miles of land for 
every mile of road constructed, and such woodcutting and mining 
privileges that they alone were worth more than the cost of the 
road. 

Unfortunately, the Government also granted the privilege of 
issuing bonds on the completion of a certain number of miles ot 
the road, and, still more unfortunately, no stipulation was made as 
to the amount to be issued, the Government having confidence in 
the good faith of the constructors. The result was that, in 1868, 
the work was begun at Puerto Cortez and about 60 miles of the 
road was built. Then $30,000,000 worth of the bonds were sold 
and the work was abandoned, leaving the Government saddled 
with an enormous debt and unable either to pay it or prosecute 
the work. 

From time to time, the Government has endeavored to come 
to some agreement with the bondholders, so as to be free to con- 
tinue the construction of the road, but has always failed in its 
efforts. In the meantime, the bridge over the Chamelicon River 
which was constructed on a plan inadequate to meet the contin- 
gencies of flood and heavy driftwood in the rainy season, soon 
collapsed, and still lies an unsightly obstruction in the river. This 
rendered the 20 miles of road beyond San Pedro useless, thus 
leaving the 37 miles of poorly constructed road, between Puerto 
Cortez and San Pedro, all that the Government had in return for 
the debt which has ever since been an incubus on the country and 
a bar to its advancement. 

The road has since been leased by the Government to several 
individuals, who never succeeded in rendering it profitable either 
to themselves or to the country, until a few years since it was 
leased to Gen. E. Kraft, an American resident of San Pedro, who 
put it into comparatively good order and developed considerable 
traffic over it. This gentleman was, unfortunately, drowned in 



HONDURAS. ^^ 

• 

the autumn of 1891 ; since then, the road has been in the hands 
of Mr, W. S. Valentine, of New York, who hopes to make it a 
profitable concern until such time as arrangements can be made 
to settle, in some way, the claims of the foreign bondholders and 
to complete the road to the Pacific. 

In 1890, a concession was granted to a French company to 
construct a railroad from Tegucigalpa to San Lorenzo, on the 
Gult of Fonseca. The line was surveyed in 1891, but no con- 
struction work has yet been done. 

Concessions have also been granted for a line from Truxillo to 
Puerto Cortez, along the north coast, and for another from La Ceiba, 
in its neighborhood, to Tegucigalpa, but so far nothing" has been 
done towards carrying them out. 

Within the past few years, the Government has made an effort 
to construct and improve wagon roads, and in spite of having been 
harassed by political troubles and impeded by lack of means, con- 
siderable has been done in that direction. A fairly good road 
has been constructed from the Pacific coast to Tegucigalpa and 
another from Tegucigalpa to Comayagua, and from thence to 
Santa Barbara. These have been of great service to the adjacent 
regions and the country at large; but, unfortunately, the same 
scarcity of means, which was an obstacle to further extension of 
these roads, has prevented their being kept in order. Conse- 
quently, the heavy rains of the wet seasons have already damaged 
them considerably and will continue to deteriorate them unless 
some method is adopted for putting the responsibility of keeping 
them in repair upon the districts through which they pass. 

The routes to the capital are : 

From Puerto Cortez by railroad to San Pedro, where mules 
can be hired for the journey, which occupies about six or seven 
days, according to the season and condition of the roads. The 
traveler will need one mule for himself and another for his baggage ; 
he will also require the services of a man to look after the mules, 



^ HONDURAS. 

load and unload baggage, and return with the mules. The cost 
is, for each mule, $20, and for services of man, $15. He will 
also have to feed both man and mules. From Amapala, the route 
is by boat to La Brea, thence by mule, by way of Pespire and 
Sabana Grande. Time, from three to four days. 

OCEAN COMMUNICATION. 

From New Orleans : Bv Royal Mail Steamship Company to Puerto Cortez,. 
every Thursday; fare, $30. Bv Oteri Pioneer Line to Ceiba and Truxillo, 
four times a month. 

From New York : Bv Honduras and Central America Steamship Company tO' 
Puerto Cortez and Truxillo, every three weeks; fare, $70. By Wessels Line 
to Puerto Cortez, every two weeks; fare, $75. By Pacific Mail Steamship' 
Company to Amapala, via Panama, 1st, 10th, and 20th of every month; fare, $145. 

FroiH San Francisco : By Pacific Mail Steamship Company to Amapala, 3d^ 
13th, and 23d of every month; fare, $75.. 

■ POSTAL FACILITIES. 

Previous to the year 1877, ^^^ postal service of Honduras was 
in a very disorganized condition and the transmission of internal 
mails was neither regular nor certain. Since that time, however, 
great improvements have been made, and the service is now sur-^ 
prisingly prompt and regular, considering the lack of good roads 
and the fact that the mails are carried by couriers on foot. These 
men imake astonishing trips over mountain trails and swollen 
rivers, climbing steep hills and fording streams with heavy mail 
bags on their shoulders, yet generally outstripping mounted trav- 
elers and arriving safely at their destination. 

In 1879, Honduras entered the Universal Postal Union, and a 
thorough reorganization was then made and a new tariff of charges 
was adopted. Postage from the United States is 5 cents for letters 
not exceeding half an ounce ; postal cards, 2 cents ; newspapers, 1 
cent per 2 ounces. From Honduras to United States:' Letters, 
10 centavos per half ounce: postal cards, 3 centa/os.; newspapers 



HONDURAS. 5'7 

and books, 2 centavos per 2 ounces; registration, lo centavos; 
charge tor return receipt, 5 centavos. Postage to the interior of 
the Repubhc, and to Guatemala, Salvador, Nicaragua, and Costa 
Rica, is as follows: Letters, from 15 to 50 grammes, 5 cents; 
printed matter, for each 50 grammes, 1 cent; commercial circulars, 
5 cents for the first 250 grammes and i cent for each additional 
50 grammes; samples, 2 cents for the first 100 grammes and 1 
cent for each additional 50 grammes; packages, 3, 5, 15, 25 cents 
for each 450 grammes for the respective distances ot 5, 10, 20, 35 
leagues ; over 35 leagues, 40 cents. Correspondence addressed to 
the bishop or postmasters is free of postage. 



TELEGRAPHS. 



The telegraph lines in Honduras were constructed by and are 
the property of the Government. These, like many other improve- 
ments, are of very recent origin, their construction having been 
commenced only in 1876. From the fact that lack ot railways 
and good roads renders internal communication so slow, the tele- 
graph has proved of inestimable value to the country and is well 
patronized. There are now between 2,000 and 3,000 miles of 
lines in operation, and every city and considerable town has its 
telegraph office. All the operators are natives, who have proved 
to be apt to learn and soon become efficient operators. The 
charge is 25 cents for ten words to any part of the Republic. 
Connection is also made with submarine cable service to any part 
of the world by land lines to La Libertad in Salvador, and San 
Juan del Sur in Nicaragua. 



Chapter X. 



MONEY— BANKING— TAXATION— COMMERCE. 

Under the Spanish dominion, the money used in Honduras, in 
addition to the Spanish coin which found its way to the country, 
was what was called uioneda cortada ; that is, coins roughly stamped 
from sheets of metal, without either border or milling. As the 
mining industry increased, great difficulty was experienced in 
obtaining sufficient coin to pay for labor and other expenditures, 
and recourse was had to small pieces of silver, without stamp 
or inscription, circulating at their value as bullion, according to 
weight. 

In 1774, the Spanish Government, seeing the difficulty that 
existed for want of a colonial currency, established a mint in 
Guatemala, from which source all the coin used in Honduras 
was supplied until the war of independence put an end to the 
arrangement. 

In 1829, Gen. Morazan sent from Guatemala to Tegucigalpa 
a press for coining pesetas, reals, and half-reals^ 2 5, 12^, and 6^ 
cents. These coins had on one side a tree and on the reverse a 
rising sun. As the revolutionary struggles progressed, and inter- 
nal strife depleted the treasury and disorganized commerce and 
mining, the silver currency was alloyed more and more, until at 
last, money was coined from copper only and circulated at a 
nominal and fictitious value. 

In 1869, the Government ordered a large amount of nickel to 
be coined in France ; but this money soon fell into disrepute until 
it reached a basis of 50 for 1 of its nominal value. 

58 



HONDURAS. rg 

In 1 878, a date at which so many reforms were introduced in 
Honduras, a mint equipped with steam machinery was estab- 
lished at Tegucigalpa, and the peso, ^^-peso, peseta, and 10 centavos, 
were established as a silver coinage, and 1 centavo and %. centavo 
in copper. 

Gold was never coined in Honduras until the year 1888, when 
a commencement was made with 20-peso, 5-peso, and i-peso 
coins, but only to a limited extent, the total amount of gold 
coined in 1888 and 1889 being only $1,118. The money of 
Honduras is now, according to law: Gold, 20 pesos, 5 pesos, and 
1 peso; silver, one peso equals 100 cents, medio peso equals 50 
cents, peseta equals 25 cents, diez centavos equals 10 cents, cinco 
centavos equals 5 cents : copper, one centavo equals 1 cent, medio 
centavo equals ^ cent. 

In consequence of the low price of silver, the value of the 
Honduranean peso is only 51.6 in the United States gold dollar, 
according to the table issued by the Director of the United States 
Mint, January 1, 1894. This great depreciation in the value of 
silver has caused considerable disturbance and loss in commercial 
and financial affairs. To meet this condition, the Government pro- 
poses to devote its attention to so fostering the agricultural and 
mineral interests of the country as to create larger means of paying 
with products for goods bought abroad. The first step m this 
direction has been the removal of restrictions on the free cultivation 
of tobacco. 

In order to throw out of circulation silver coins of other Spanish- 
American Republics which are not fully equal in value to the 
Honduranean silver dollar, the following decree was issued on 
the 5th of July, 1893: 



A DECREE 



In which are published various measures relating to the depreciation of silver. 

Considering: That the fall in the price of silver has caused great disturbance 

m the circulating monetary medium of all the countries of America, and for this 



6o HONDURAS. 

reason it being indispensable to make the best possible arrangement to insure 
its stability in Honduras, and that in the meantime measures have to be taken 
to organize properly the National Mint in order to coin a sufficient amount of 
legal and permanent character for circulation in the country, and meanwhile 
to make such monetary arrangements with neighboring nations as will facilitate 
international transactions, it is necessary to make a temporary provision in order 
to save the Republic from greater losses. 

Therefore, in use of the authority with which I am invested, 

I decree : 

First. To place a duty of 25 per cent on the importation into the Republic 
of foreign coins which are not at par with gold in the country of their origin. 

Second. Those residents of Honduras who, by virtue of contracts or business 
pending abroad at this date, are under the necessity of importing silver shall be 
exempt from paying this tax. 

Third. In order to give effect to the foregoing article, it is necessary that the 
interested parties shall present themselves at the office of the Minister of Finance 
and exhibit the documents relating to the case, and on sight of the same, the 
above office shall issue the necessary orders to allow the free introduction. After 
one month, the aforesaid documents will not be admitted. 

Fourth. Amounts less than $200 introduced by travelers at the ports or on 
the frontiers shall be exempt from payment of the tax. 

Fifth. Violations of this decree shall be punished by the forfeiture to the 
** fiscal" of the amount attempted to be introduced. 

Sixth. This decree shall be in force from the time of its publication, and shall 
become void on the emission of regulations for the circulation of national money. 

Dated at Tegucigalpa on the 5th day of July, 1893. 

D. Vasquez, 

President. 
Leopoldo Cordova, 

Minister of Finance. 

BANKING. 

There is at present only one establishment in Honduras devoted 
exclusively to banking, that is, the Banco de Honduras at Tegu- 
cigalpa, which was formed by a consolidation ot the Banco Nacional 
Hondurefio and the Banco Centro Americano. It does a general 
banking business, discounting and buying and selling exchange. 
It has the privilege of issuing bills which are a legal tender for all 



HONDURAS. 61 

duties, taxes, and debts due to the Government. A concession was 
granted in 1892 for the establishment of a bank at San Pedro Sula, 
but nothing has yet been done to utilize, it. 

REVENUE AND EXPENDITURES. 

The revenue of Honduras is derived from indirect taxation, as 
there are no taxes on real estate or personal property, except such 
as may be levied for local or municipal purposes. The sources of 
revenue are customs dues and the monopoly of tobacco, liquors, 
gunpowder and stamps. One real (12^ cents) on each bottle of 
native rum (aguardiente) sold by the Government at retail is now 
dedicated to the maintenance of the public schools. The Gov- 
ernment buys the rum from the distillers at 15 cents per bottle. 
The total amount sold during the year 1892 amounted to 497,858 
bottles, which realized 579,836.58 pesos, of which one eighth, or 
72,104.57, was devoted to the schools. 

The total revenues for the years 1891 and 1892 were: 



Customs duties . 
Internal revenue 



Total 



Pesos. Pesos. 

537, 542. 80 , 532, 053. 20 
I, 312, 620. 30 ! I, 232, 079. 40 



I, 850, 163. 10 I I, 764, 132. 60 



The internal revenue for 1892 was derived from the following 
sources : 

Pesos. 

Liquors 622, 062. 20 

Tobacco 271, 487. 00 

Export of cattle 79, 518. 90 

Maritime dues 41, 150. 10 

Stamps 60, 509. 70 

Sale of public lands 22, 717. 60 

Telegraphs 35, 383. 10 

Postal 10, 074. 00 

Sundries 89, 176. 80 



Total I, 232, 079. 40 



62 HONDURAS. 

The expenditures tor 1892 were: 

Pesos. 

Public credit i, 139. 442. 40 

War 5 681, q66. 00 

Public works 257, 149. 80 

Interior department 150, 109. 90 

Finance department 162, 921. 40 

Public instruction 92, 717. 30 

Justice 88, 388. 40 

Foreign affairs 30, 959. 30 

Total 2, 603, 654. 50 

Showing an excess of expenditures over income ot $839,521.90. 

The amount of the internal debt of Honduras has been for 
some years undetermined. To remedy this, a decree was pubhshed 
on the 5th of December, 1893, caUing on all creditors of the 
Government to appear before January 15, 1894, and file their 
bonds, coupons, or other evidences of indebtedness for the purpose 
of registration. The payment of all bonds, etc., not filed within 
that period will be, ipse facto^ postponed and all interest shall 
cease. 

COMMERCE. 

The commerce of Honduras had, for some years previous to 
1891, been gradually increasing and assuming proportions which 
augured well for the future prosperity of the country. Since that 
time, a combination of unfortunate circumstances, but principally 
political disturbances and revolutionary strife, has caused a consid- 
erable falling off in the volume of business transacted and a marked 
depression in all branches of industry. 

As the transactions between the United States and Honduras 
form a large proportion of the whole commerce of the latter 
country, the following figures in U. S. currency, taken from th^ 
United States official returns, will illustrate the situation. 

The imports into the United States from Honduras have been: 

Fiscal year ending June 30 — Dollars. 

1891 I, 159, 591 

1892 962, 329 

1893 684, 912 



HONDURAS. 63 

The exports from United States to Honduras were: 

Fiscal year ending [une 30— 

1891 , 649, 921 

1892 515.224 

1893 471,695 

When the internal differences of Honduras shall have been 
settled, there is no doubt that commerce will rapidly recuperate. 
Honduras is a country too rich in natural resources to remain 
long in the present depressed condition after the disturbing influ- 
ences shall have been removed, and it will be wdl for the mer- 
chants of the United States to study the peculiarities of Central 
American trade so as to secure a still larger share of it. The 
popularity of American goods is everywhere recognized and 
acknowledged, and they are so much preferred to those of Euro- 
pean manufacture that their trade-marks are imitated. This is 
particularly the case with sewing machines, revolvers, tools, and 
hardware. In wines and liquors, it is perhaps within the limit to 
say that two-thirds of all that are imported from Europe are imita- 
tions labeled with famous names and vintages. 

The principal reason why American merchants do not secure a 
much larger share of the business is the lack of proper effort to 
obtain it. Agencies should be established, or competent men who 
are acquainted with the language and customs of the people should 
be sent to Central America to ascertain and comprehend the 
demands of the market and then faithfully, comply with them. 
One great objection to dealing with the United States is the care- 
less manner in which goods are packed. When goods are ordered 
for the Central American market, the instructions as to packing- 
should be followed to the letter. 

All goods liable to damage by water should be carefully enveloped 
in some cheap waterproof material and then put into packages not 
exceeding 125 pounds in weight," but 100 pounds is more desir- 
able. The reason for this is that in the dry season and over tol- 



64 HONDURAS. 

erable roads, a mule can carry 250 pounds which is divided into 
two packages of 125 pounds each so as to be slung on the pack 
saddle, one on each side. When the trails are very bad, moun- 
tainous, or muddy from rains, the maximum load is 200 pounds, 
which will then require two 100 pound packages. 

Packing cases and boxes should be made of thin, tough lum- 
ber to fit the contents as snugly as possible, and vacant spaces 
should be stuffed tightly with packing material of the lightest 
nature. Care should be taken to brace the packages so that they 
will resist the crushing of the lasso used for lashing the cargo to 
the saddle. It should be remembered that duties on imports in 
Honduras are charged by gross weight, packages included; there- 
fore, the two requisites are to combine the maximum of strength 
with the minimum of weight. 

As a rule, European merchants allow much longer credit than 
is usual in the United States. Six, nine, and twelve months 
is not unusual. This is rendered necessary by the long time 
the goods are "en route." The importer has also to extend long 
credits to country merchants who frequently take their pay in 
produce and have to wait for the securing of crops, etc. But if 
collections are slow, failures are very rare, and the laws are so 
severe on debtors that fraudulent failures are unknown. There is 
no doubt that, with proper effort, Americans can largely increase 
their trade with Central America, particularly in cotton goods, for 
although the English manufacture especially for the market so far 
as patterns, lengths, packing, etc., are concerned, the natives complain 
that the cloth is stiffened with starch and when that is washed out 
a mere rag remains. 

The principal articles for which there is a demand are cotton 
goods, cutlery, axes, machetes, and hoes, kerosene oil, lamps, beer, 
earthenware, glassware, hats and caps, boots and shoes, jewelry, 
clocks and watches, paints, perfumery, sewing machines, soaps, 
musical instruments, wearing apparel, lard, butter, flour, and 



HO?J 



DURAS. 



f'5 



canned goods. Articles of merchandise shipped from the United 
States to Honduras do not require consular invoices, but the 
manifests of vessels must be presented to the consul tor certifica- 
tion. Fees are $5 per manifest. Port charges in Honduras are 
for each manifest $2. Tonnage dues, 25 cents per ton; regular 
mail steamers are exempt. 

On the nth of December, 1893, a decree was published 
exempting all steamships visiting the ports on the Atlantic coast 
of the Republic from the paynient of light-house and tonnage 
dues. 

According to the official returns, the total importations into 
Honduras in the year 1892 amounted in value to pesos 2,005,- 
025.30. The following list shows the countries from which they 
came : 



Pesos. 

United States . . > 924, 639. 90 

England 342, 019. 60 

France 257, 222. 80 

Germany . , 261, 405. 70 

Salvador 1 14, 478. 60 

JSficaragua , 38, 887. 10 



British Honduras 

Spain 

Guatemala 

Other countries . . 



Pesos. 
31,813.40 

10, 263. 80 

11, 592.40 

12, 702. 00 



Total 2, 005, 025. 30 



ue. 



The exports from Honduras have decreased greatly in val 
In 1891, they amounted to pesos 2,781,300; in 1892, they 
declined to pesos 1,873,800.50, consisting of the following arti- 
cles : 



Live stock 

Bananas 

Cocoanuts 

Coffee 

Tobacco : 

Manuiactured. . . . 

Unmanufactured . 

Rubber 

Mahogany and cedar , 



p 


esos. 




667, 


339- 


36 


211, 


939- 


00 


91 


989. 


05 


41 


393- 


85 


27. 


104. 


80 


22, 


208. 


75 


6 


861. 


12 1 


6, 


758.46 1 



Pesos. 

Sarsaparilla 19, 880. 78 

Other agricultural products. 2, 762. 20 

Silver 732, 059. 10 

Gold 19, 657. 00 

Hats (palm leaf) 16, 916. 00 

Other manufactured articles 6, 930. 85 



Total I, 873, 800. 50 



Bull. 57- 



bb " HONDURAS. 

The division of this amount bv countries is as follows: 



/ Pesos. 

United States i, ooo, 625. 60 

Guatemala 

British Honduras 

Salvador 

Germany 

England 

Costa Rica 



506, 437. 50 
91, 940. 10 

III, 244. 70 
59, 086. 20 
39, 967. 20 
30, 097. 90 



Nicaragua 

France 

Spain 

Other countries 



Pesos. 
13,789.70 
7, 964. 30 

7, 000. 70 

8, 628. 60 



Total I, 873, 800. 50 



During the year 1892, 943 vessels were entered at the ports of 
Honduras, which are classified thus : 





Steam. 


Sailing. 




Vessels. 


Tonnage. 


Vessels. 


Tonnage. 




84 
127 
34 
41 
30 


102, 059 
83. 795 
19. 483 
24, 058 
17, 010 


6 

34 
199 
156 
232 


2.741 
• 2, 717 

6, 310 
3, 307 




Ruatan 

Truxillo 


Utilla 


5, 543 






Total 


316 


246, 405 


627 


18,618 







These vessels were of the following nationalities : 



Sailing. 



Total. 



United States. . . 

England 

Honduras 

Norwaj' 

Italy 

Germany 

Sweden 

Other countries. 



175 

54 

"38' 

28 

14 

7 



26 

99 

493 

I 

3 
I 
o 



2or 

-153 

493 

39 

31 

15 

7 

4 



Total. 



316 



627 



943 



Appendix A. 



CONSTITUTION OF THE REPUBLIC OF HONDURAS. 

[Translated for the Bureau of the American Republics, March, 1894.] 

Decreed by the Constitutional Convention convoked by the Executive Pozver 

2d of May, 1880. 

Part I. — Declarations, Principles, Rights, and Fundamental Guarantees* 

CHAPTER I. 

Declarations and principles. 

Article 1. Honduras considers itself a separate portion of the Republic of 
Central America. In consequence, it recognizes as its principal duty and its 
most urgent necessity the return to a union with the other sections of the dis- 
united Republic. In order to attain this capital object, the present constitution 
shall present no obstacles, as it mav be reformed or abolished by Congress in 
order to ratify the compacts, treaties, and agreements which tend to give or 
have for a result the national reconstruction of Central America. 

Art. 2. The Honduranean Nation is a Republic — sovereign, free, and nde- 
pendent. 

Art. 3. All public power emanates from the people. The functionaries o^ 
the State are its delegates and possess no more powers than those expressly given 
to them by the law. For it they legislate, administer, and judge, and to it they 
must give an account of their proceedings. 

Art. 4. The Government of the Republic is democratic, representative, 
alternative, and responsible; and it shall be exercised by three distinct depart- 
ments : Legislative, Executive, and Judicial. 

Art. 5. The boundaries of the Republic and its territorial divisions shall be 
the subject of a law. 

67 



68 



HONDURAS. 



CHAPTER II. 



Art. 6. The Constitution guarantees to all the inhabitants of the Republic, 
whether Honduraneans or foreigners, the inviolability of human life, individual 
security, liberty, equality, and the rights of property. 

Individual security. 

Art. 7. (1) The Republic recognizes the guarantee of habeas corpus. 

{2) No order of arrest is legal which does not emanate from competent 
authority. Detention for inquiry shall not exceed six days, and the justice ot 
the peace shall be obliged, within that time, to liberate or commit the accused. 

(3) The delinquent taken in the act mav be apprehended by any person for 
the purpose of delivering him immediately to the authority that has the power 
of arrest. 

(4) Even with a decree ot commitment, no person shall be conveyed to prison, 
or be detained in it if he offers bail, when, for the offense, he is not liable to 
corporeal punishment. 

(5) No one shall be condemned without previous trial founded on law prior 
to the event which is the motive of the process. 

(6) No one shall be tried by special commissions or removed from the judges 
designated by the law antedating the event which originated the case. 

(7) No one shall be compelled, in a criminal case, to testify against himself or 
against his relations to the fourth grade of consanguinity or the second of affinity. 

(8) The right of defense is inviolable. 

(9) Torture is forever abolished. Fetters which are not absolutely necessary 
for the security of prisoners shall not be used. 

(10) Solitary confinement of the detained or prisoners shall not be used unless 
by v/ritten order of the judge in the case, and only for a short time and for com- 
petent motives. No one shall be imprisoned or detained except in the public 
places designated for that purpose. 

(11) The dwelling place is inviolable. Epistolary or telegraphic correspond- 
ence, private papers, or books used in commerce are inviolable. 

(12) No inhabitant shall be disturbed or prosecuted for his opinions, of what- 
ever nature they may be, provided that he does not, by direct or positive act, 
disturb order or infringe the law. 

(13) Retroactive laws, orders, provisional judgments, proscriptions, condem- 
nations without trial and defamatory are oppressive, unjust, and of no effect. 
The authorities who commit such violations shall be responsible with their persons 
and goods for the consequential damage. 

(14) Police powers shall be intrusted only to the civil authorities. 



HONDURAS. 69 

Liberty. 

Art. 8. The slave that treads Honduranean territory shall be free. Traffic in 
slaves is a crime. 

Art. 9. All shall have liberty — 

(1) To publish their ideas by printing without previous censorship. 

(2) To dispose of their property without any restriction by sale, gift, will, or 
by any other legal method 

(3) To profess any religion.- The State shall not contribute to the support of 
any religion. Religions shall be sustained by the voluntary contributions of those 
who profess them. The State shall exercise the right of supreme inspection over 
all religions conformably to law and to the police regulations relative to their 
external ceremonies. 

(4) To exercise their profession, business, or industry. 

(5) To associate and assemble peacefully without arms. The establishment 
of all classes of monastic associations is prohibited. 

(6) To exercise the right of petition. 

(7) To be educated. 

(8) To travel in the territory of the Republic, to remain in it, and to leave it 
without a passport. 

(9) To carry on commerce and navigation. 

Equality, 

Art. 10. (1) Before the law, there are no personal charters or privileges. 

(2) All Honduraneans shall be eligible for public office without any other con- 
dition than their fitness. Ministers of the different religious societies are not 
permitted to fill public offices. 

(3) Equality is the basis of taxes. 

(4) The civil law does not recognize a difference between natives and foreigners. 

Property. 

Art. n. (1) Property is inviolable. No one shall be deprived of it except 
by the power of law or by a sentence founded on law. Expropriation for reasons 
of public utility shall be qualified by law or by sentence founded on law, and shall 
not be carried out without previous indemnification. 

(2) Congress alone may impose taxes. 

(3) No personal servitude can be demanded except by process of law or by 
sentence founded on law. 

(4) Confiscation is abolished forever. 



70 HONDURAS. 

(5) Every author or inventor shall enjov exclusive proprietorship of his work 
or discovery. 

(6) No armed body shall be allowed to make requisitions. 

Art, 12. The laws regulate the use of these guarantees of public rights; but 
no law shall be made for convenience of regulating or organizing the use of them, 
which shall diminish, restrict, or corrupt them in their essence. 

CHAPTER in. 

Public rights granted to foreigners. 

Art. 13. (1) No foreigner is more privileged than another. All shall enjoy 
the civil rights of Honduraneans. Consequently they are permitted to buy, 
sell, locate, exercise industries or professions ; to own all kinds of property and 
to dispose of them in the form prescribed by law ; to enter the country and 
depart from it with such property; to frequent, with their vessels, the ports of 
the Republic and navigate its seas and rivers. They shall be free from extraor- 
dinary contributions ; they are guaranteed entire liberty of conscience, and 
are allowed to construct churches and establish cemeteries in any part of the 
Republic. Their marriage contracts can not be invalidated for not being in con- 
formity with the religious regulations of any belief, if they have been legally cele- 
brated. 

(2) Thev are not compelled to be naturalized. 

(3) Thev are permitted to choose public careers according to the conditions 
of law, and in no case, shall they be excluded solely on account of their origin. 

(4) Naturalization may be obtained by one year's continuous residence in the 
country [colonists can obtain it without this requisite] by those who settle in 
places inhabited by natives or on uninhabited lands; by those who commence 
and carry on important works of general utility ; by those who introduce con- 
siderable fortunes into the country, and by those recommended by inventions or 
applications of great utility to the Republic. 

Art. 14. Foreigners, on their arrival in the territory of the Republic, must 
respect the authorities and obey the laws. Also, they must observe the dispo- 
sitions and regulations of the police, and pay the local taxes and contributions 
established in consequence of business, industry, profession, property, or posses- 
sion of goods, as well as those established for the same purpose for the future, 
whether antecedent ones are increased or diminished. 

Art. 15. Laws and treaties may regulate the use of these guarantees without 
power to diminish or change them. 



HONDURAS. 



CHAPTER IV. 



71 



Guarantees of order and progress. 

Art. 1 6. Military service is obligatory. Every Honduranean between eighteen 
and thirty-five years of age is a soldier of the active army, and betv/een thirty- 
five and forty is a soldier of the reserve. Naturalized Honduraneans are exempt 
for ten years. The organization of the army shall be regulated by law^. 

Art. 17. Military jurisdiction is established. Its extension shall be deter- 
mined by the respective codes. 

Art. 18. The public force is essentially obedient; no armed body may delib- 
erate. 

Art. 19. Every person or assemblage of persons who assume the title of rep- 
resentatives of the people, arrogates their rights, or makes representations in 
their name, commits sedition. 

Art. 20. All usurped authority is illegal; its acts are void. Every decision 
agreed to by intimidation, direct or indirect, of an armed body or gathering of the 
people, is void of right and shall have no legal effect. 

Art. 21. Whenever the Republic, or any place in the Republic, is declared in 
a state of siege, the dominion of the constitution shall be suspended in the 
locality to which the state of siege refers. 

Art. 22. Neither Honduraneans nor foreigners may, in any case, claim from 
the state any indemnity for damage or injury to their persons or goods caused 
by revolts. 

Art. 23. The President of the Republic, the Judges of the Supreme Court, 
the Secretaries of State, and the diplomatic agents may be accused before Con- 
gress for the crime of treason, or for damaging and violation of the constitution 
and laws. The political judgment is limited to deposing the accused from his 
office and delivering him to the regular tribunals. 

Art. 24. The State considers it a sacred duty to promote and protect public 
education in its different branches. Primary education is obligatory, non- 
clerical, and gratuitous. Secondary and higher education- shall also be non-. 
clerical. No minister of any religious society shall be permitted to direct 
educational establishments sustained by the State. 

Art. 25. The State shall provide in every way for the welfare and advance- 
ment of- the country, promoting the progress of agriculture, industry, and com- 
merce ; of immigration, the colonization of vacant lands, and the construction 
of roads and railroads; the establishment of new industries and the founding 
of institutions of credit; the importatian of foreign capital and the explora- 
tion and canalization ot the rivers and lakes, by means of laws protective of 



72 HONDURAS. 

these objects and temporary concessions of privileges and stimulating recom- 
penses. 

Art. 26. The navigation of the rivers is free to all flags. 

Art. 27. The present constitution may be amended. The necessity for 
amendment may be declared by the ordinary Congress, but the amendment can 
only be effected by a national constitutional convention convened for the pur- 
pose. No proposition of amendment shall be efficacious unless approved by a 
two-third majority of Congress. The case provided for in article 1 is exempt 
from these requirements. 

Art. 28. Every employe or officer of the Republic, on taking possession of 
his office, shall make the following promise : I promise that I will obey and 
enforce obedience to the constitution and laws, adhering to their text, whatever 
may be the orders to the contrary or the authority from which they emanate. 

CHAPTER V. 

Of nationality , citizenship , and elections. 

Art. 29. Those persons are Honduraneans who are born in the territory of 
the Republic and those who are naturalized in the country according to law. 
Art. 30. Honduraneans by birth are : 

(1) All persons who have been or shall be born in the territory of the Republic. 
The nationality of children of foreigners born in Honduranean territory and of 
children of Honduraneans born in foreign territory shall be determined by the 
treaties. When no treaties exist, children born in Honduras of foreign parents 
domiciled in the country are Honduraneans. 

(2) Natives of the other Central American Republics shall be considered as 
native Honduraneans, from the fact of their being found in any part of the Hon- 
duranean territory, unless they manifest before the proper authority their inten- 
tion to preserve their nationality. 

Art. 31. Honduraneans by naturalization are: 

(1) Spanish Americans domiciled in the Republic who do not preserve their 
nationality. 

' (2) Those foreigners referred to in the cases mentioned in section 4 of article 
13, provided that they are inscribed in the civic register in the form determined 
by law. 

(3) Those who obtain letters of naturalization from the authority designated 
by law. 

Art. 32. Citizens are: 

(1) All native or naturalized Honduraneans above twenty-one years of age 
who have a profession, office, income, or property which assures them subsistence. 



HONDURAS. 73 

(2) Native or naturalized Honauraneans above eighteen years of age who can 
read and write or who are married. 

Art. 33. The rights of citizenship sliall be suspended: 

(1) For being under criminal process and sentence o\ imprisonment. 

(2) For notoriously vicious conduct or for vagrancy legally declared. 

(3) For aberration of mind judicially declared. 

(4) For sentence of deprivation of political rights. 

Art. 34. Honduraneans who enter the employ of other governments without 
permission of Congress or the Executive lose their rights of citizenship. From 
this rule are excepted Honduraneans who take offices from the governments ot 
Central America, excepting the case where they render military service or 
accept military offices without' previous permission from the executive power. 

Art. 35. The suffrage is irrenounceable and obligatory, and belongs to the 
citizens in enjoyment of their rights. The suffrage is public and direct. Elec- 
tions shall be held in the form prescribed by law. 

Art. 36. Only citizens in the enjoyment of their rights can be voted for 
according to law. 

Part II. — Departments of the Government. 

CHAPTER VI. 

Of the Legislative Department. 
Section I. — Of its organ ization. 

Art. 37. The legislative power is exercised by a Congress of Deputies, who 
shall meet by right in the capital of the Republic every two years, from the 1st 
to the 15th of January, without the necessity of convocation. Its sessions shall 
last sixty days, with power of adjournment, and of closing earlier by agreement 
with the Executive. Extraordinary sessions may be held when duly convoked, 
in which case only the business for which it was called together can be trans- 
acted. 

Art. 38. A number of Deputies, not less than five, have the power to take 
the necessary measures to insure the attendance of the remainder. Congress 
may transact business provided two-thirds of Ifhe elected Deputies are present, 
and a simple majority is sufficient to determine the disposal of a question. 

Art. 39. Deputies shall be elected for four years, and may be reelected indefi- 
nitely. Congress shall be renewed one-half every two years by drawing lots, 
which shall be done at the close of the session. Thereafter, renewals shall 
succeed in order of seniority. 



74 



HONDURAS. 



Art. 40. In order to be eligible for election as a Deputy, it is required that 
the candidate be a citizen in the enjoyment of his rights, and not less than twenty- 
five years of age. 

Art. 41. The following are not eligible for Deputies: 

(1) The Secretaries of State. 

(2) Soldiers in active service. 

(3) Governors and collectors of revenue for the department or electoral dis- 
trict in which they exercise their functions. 

Art. 42. Deputies are privileged from arrest. At no time, shall they be held 
responsible for the ideas, either bv word or in writing, which they may utter in 
the discharge of their duty as legislators. 

Art. 43. For the election of Deputies to Congress, the territory of the 
Republic shall be divided into electoral districts containing ten thousand inhab- 
itants. Each district shall elect one Deputy proper and one alternate. But until 
this division shall be made, each department shall elect three Deputies and two 
alternates. The Departments of " the Bay Islands " and " Mosquitia " shall each 
elect only one Deputy and one alternate. 

Section II. — Powers of Congress. 
Art. 44. The Congress has the following powers : • 

IN THE department OF THE INTERIOR. 

(1) To certify the election of its members and to approve or reject their 
credentials. 

(2) To summon the alternates in case of the death or legitimate disability of 
members. 

(3) To accept the resignation of deputies or alternates presented for legally 
verified causes. 

(4) To make its internal regulations. 

(5) To decree, interpret, reform, and abolish the laws. 

(6) To create and suppress public employments and to fix their attributes; 
to grant pensions; to decree honors and concede amnesties and pardons, general 
or individual, when the public service requires it or the petitioner has in his 
favor eminent services rendered to the Nation. 

(7) To elect the Judges of the Supreme Court of Justice and to accept or 
reject their resignations. 

(8) To make all arrangements concerning the security and defense of the 
Republic and its advancement and prosperity. 

(9) To regulate internal commerce. 



HONDURAS. 75" 

(10) To declare the legality of the election of the President of the Republic, 
to hold such election in the case stated in article 62, and to accept or reject 
the resignation of the President. 

(1 1) To constitute itself a jury of accusation of the President of the Repub- 
lic, the Judges of the Supreme Court of, Justice, the Secretaries of State, and 
the diplomatic agents. 

Ii\ THE DEPARTMENT OF FOREIGN AFFAIRS. 

Art. 45. (1) To provide all that may be necessary for the defense and exter- 
nal security of the country. 

(2) To declare war and make peace. 

(3) To approve or reject treaties made with foreign nations. 

(4) To regulate commerce by land or sea. 

IN 'IHE DEPARTMENT OF FINANCE. 

♦ 

Art. 46. (1) To approve or disapprove the accounts for public expenses. 

(2) To determine biennially the estimates for said expenses. 

(3) To impose or abolish taxes. 

(4) To contract national debts, to regulate the payment of those existing, 
and to make loans. 

(5) To establish seaports and create and abolish custom-houses. 

(6) To determine the weight, legality, and style of the national money. 

IN Tl-IK DEPARTMENT OF WAR. 

Art. 47. (1) To approve or disapprove of declarations of "state of siege" 
made during its recess. 

(2) To determine biennially the number of sea and land forces to be main- 
tained. 

(3) To approve or disapprove a declaration of war which the Executive 
power may have made. 

(4) To permit the departure of national troops beyond the limits of the 
Republic, and to concede the passage or stationing of foreign troops in the 
national territory; guarding, in every case, the laws of neutrality. 

(3) To declare the Republic, or any part of it, to be in "state of siege" in 
cases of foreign aggression, internal commotion, or the disturbance of public 
peace. 

Art. 48. Congress may delegate to the Executive legislative powers in the 
branches of police, finance, war, marine, public instruction, and public works. 



76 HONDURAS. 

Section III. — Of the fortuation, approval, and promulgation of laws. 

Art. 49. Laws may be initiated by any member of Congress, by the Presi- 
dent of the Republic, and bv the Supreme Court of Justice on subjects per- 
taining to it. Bills shall be presented bv Deputies by means o\ a written prop- 
osition, by the President in a message, and bv the Supreme Court of justice 
by an explanation. 

Art. 50. No bill, except in a case ot urgencv recognized by Congress, shall be 
passed until it has been read three times. Every proposition which has for its 
object to declare the urgency of a law must be preceded by an explanation of the 
reasons on which such proposition is founded. 

Art. 51. x\ll bills, after discussion and approval bv Congress, shall pass to the 
Executive, who, if he does not object to them, shall give them his sanction and 
publish them as laws. 

Art. 52. When the Executive declines to give his approval to a bill, it shall 
be returned to Congress within ten days, with observations as to the reasons on 
which his disapproval is founded. If, within the said period, it is not returned 
disapproved, it shall be considered as approved and be published as a law. In 
case a bill is returned, it shall be discussed again by Congress, and if passed by a 
two-third majority, it shall be sent to the Executive for promulgation. 

Art. 53. When Congress passes a bill at the end of its session and the Execu- 
tive is in doubt about his approval, he must immediately give notice to Congress 
so that it may remain in session for ten days, counting frorii the date of the bill, 
and if not approved in that time, the bill shall be considered as sanctioned. 

Art. 54. When a bill has been rejected or not ratified, it shall not be presented 
again until the following session. 

Art. 55. When the Executive returns a bill to Congress, the voting on it shall 
be by name and shall be recorded in the proceedings of the day. 

Art. 56. The approval of the Executive is not necessarv for the following acts 
or resolutions: 

( 1 ) For the elections which Congress holds or ratifies and the resignations which 
it admits or rejects. 

(2) For the declarations which Congress makes as a jury of accusation or im- 
peachment. 

(3) For the regulations Congress makes for its internal management. 

Art. 57. Every bill passed by Congress shall be written in duplicate and shall 
be sent to the Executive with this indorsement, "To the Executive power." 
If he does not approve it, he shall return it to Congress with this endorsement, 
"Return to the National Congress." 



HONDURAS. 77 

Art. 58. A bill having been received bv the Executive, if he finds no objection 
to it, he shall approve it, returning one copy to Congress and reserving the other 
to promulgate it as a law within ten days. 

Art. 59. The promulgation of the law shall be made in the following terms: 
"The President of the Republic of Honduras, to its inhabitants, be it known, 
that the National Congress has ordained the following: (Here the text and sig- 
natures). Therefore, let it be executed." 

CHAPTER VII. 

Of the Executive Department. 
Section I. — Of its organization. 

Art. 60. The Executive power shall be exercised bv a citizen who shall be 
called the President of the Republic. 

Art. 61. The President of the Republic must be a Honduranean bv birth, a 
citizen in the enjoyment of his rights, and above thirty years of age. 

Art. 62. The President of the Republic shall be elected by popular vote and 
his election declared by Congress, as has been prescribed. But when a scrutiny 
of votes has been made and it is found that no absolute majority exists, the 
Congress shall proceed to an election from the three candidates who have obtained 
the largest number of votes. In this case, the voting shall be public and bv name, 
and the election shall be concluded in one session only. 

Art. 63. The constitutional period for which the President shall hold his office 
is four years, and he may be reelected for the succeeding term, but he shall not 
be elected for a third term until four vears shall have elapsed from the conclu- 
sion of his second term. The Presidential term shall commence on the 1st of 
February of the year of renewal. 

Art. 64. For the dispatch of business, the President of the Republic shall 
have one or more Secretaries of State, and he shall designate their respective 
departments. 

Art. 65. To be a Secretary of State it is necessary to be above twenty-five 
years of age, and a citizen in the enjoyment of his rights. 

Art. 66. The Secretary of State shall countersign the decrees of the Presi- 
dent of the Republic, without which requisite they shall not be legal ; but he 
shall not exercise this authority alone. He is responsible for the decrees which 
he legalizes, and jointly for those which he agrees to with his colleagues, except 
in case he protests against them. 

Art. 67. The Secretaries of State shall present to Congress at the commence- 
ment of the regular sessions detailed reports and documents upon the acts of the 



78 



HONDURAS. 



Executive in. every one of the respective branches of the public administration 
These reports shall serve as a basis whereby Congress may judge of the conduct 
of the Executive, of all of which it has, by the constitution, the power to approve 
or disapprove. 

Art. 68. The Secretaries of State shall present biennially to Congress the 
estimates for the expenditures of their respective departments and the account 
of the expenditure of the funds voted for the two years preceding. 

Art. 69. The Secretaries of State are empowered to attend the sessions of 
Congress and take part in the debates, but not to vote. They must respond to 
questions asked them by any Deputy respecting any of the affairs within the 
authority of Congress, except those relating to war and foreign relations, when 
the President of the Republic considers secrecy to be necessary. 

Art. 70. When the President of the Republic shall take command personally 
of the armed forces, or when, through sickness, absence from the territory of the 
Republic or other serious motive, he shall be unable to perform the duties of 
his office, he shall substitute at his choice either the Cabinet of Secretaries of 
State or one ot the Secretaries of State to act during the continuance of his 
disability. In case of the death of the President, the acceptance of his resig- 
nation, or other kind of absolute disability which can not cease before the 
completion of the time wanting to finish the four years of his constitutional 
term, the Secretary of War shall act as substitute for the President of the 
Republic, and shall, within the positive time of ten days, call upon the people 
by means of a decree, to elect a President in conformity with the provisions 
of the constitution. The President so elected shall remain in office for the 
term of four years. 

Section II. — Of the attributes of the Executive power. 

Art. 71. The President of the Republic is the supreme chief of the nation; 
he has under his charge the general administrative departments of the country, 
and his attributes are as follows : ■ 

IN the department of the interior. 

Art. 72. (1) He executes and compels obedience to the laws, issuing the 
decrees and orders necessary for that purpose, but taking care not to alter their 
spirit by exceptionary regulations. 

(2) He nominates the judges ot the courts of appeal on the proposal of the 
Supreme Court and the judges of district courts in the form prescribed by law. 

(3) He receives, during the recess of Congress, resignations of the Judges of the 
Supreme Court, and in this case, nominates provisionally the judges to act as 



HONDURAS. 79 

substitutes. Like nominations shall be made in case of death or absolute dis- 
ability of the members of the Supreme Court. 

(4) He nominates the employes of the Executive Department conformably to 
law. 

(5) He watches over the prompt and faultless administration of justice, and 
over the official conduct of the employes of that branch. 

(6) He removes employes and deprives them of office at his discretion, 

(7) He grants, during the recess of Congress, amnesties and pardons, general or 
individual, when public interest demands it, or the petitioner has in his favor 
important services rendered to the nation. 

(8) He commutes the penalties when the superior tribunal which has pro- 
nounced the sentence against the criminal recommends such commutation and 
so expresses in said sentence, and for any of the reasons which the law may 
point out. 

(9) He concedes to employes leaves of absence, superannuations, retirements, 
or advances of pay, in conformity with law. 

(10) He prorogues the regular sessions of Congress and convokes special ses- 
sions when a serious national interest requires it. 

(11) He gives an account in a message to Congress at the opening of its reg- 
ular sessions, of the general state of the public administration and the use he 
has made of the powers delegated to him. 

IN THE DEPARTMENT OF FOREIGN AFFAIRS. 

Art. 73. (1) He concludes and signs treaties of peace, of commerce, of nav- 
igation, of alliance, of neutrality, and other negotiations necessary for the main- 
tenance and cultivation of good international relations. 

(2) He nominates the diplomatic and consular agents of the Republic, receives 
the ministers, and admits the consuls of foreign nations. 

IN THE DEPARTMENT OF FINANCE. 

Art. 74. (1) He causes the revenues of the Republic to be collected and man- 
aged, and orders their expenditure as arranged by law. 

(2) He decrees, in case of invasion or rebellion, if the resources of the 
Treasury are not sufficient, a general extraordinary contribution, of the expend- 
iture of which he shall give account to Congress at its next session. 

IN THE department OF WAR. 

Art. 75. (1) The President is the Commandant-General and General-in-Chief 
oi the sea and land forces of the Republic. 



8o HONDURAS. 

(2) He confers all military employments. Of his own power, he appoints 
to all grades up to that of colonel on the active list. He confers those of 
brigadier-general and general of division with the concurrence of Congress, 
and he may confer these grades on the field of battle without that requisite. 

(3) He disposes of the military forces, and to him belongs their organization 
and distribution according to the necessities of the State. 

{4) During the recess of Congress, he declares war, and grants privateering 
commissions and letters ot reprisal. 

(5) During the recess of Congress, he declares the Republic or any part of the 
Republic in "state of siege," in case of external aggression, internal disturbance, 
or if the peace of the country is threatened. 

CHAPTER viu. 

Of the Judicial Department. 

Art. -jd. The judicial power of the Republic is exercised by a supreme court 
composed of five judges, and b^' the superior and inferior tribunals established 
by law. 

Art. ']•]. To be a judge of the supreme court, it is necessary to be a citizen 
in the enjovment of his rights, above twenty-five years of age, and an advocate 
of the Republic. 

Art. 78. The faculty of judging and executing judgments belongs exclusively 
to the tribunals of justice. Neither the President of the Republic nor Congress 
is able, in any case, to exercise judicial functions, or to advocate pending causes. 
No public power can revive processes which have been terminated. 

Art. 79. The judges of the Supreme Court shall hold their office for four 
years, continuing by right until the nomination of their successors. 

Art. 80. The law regulates the organization and powers of the courts. 

Art. 81. The administration of justice in the Republic shall be gratuitous. 

Part III.— Of Municipal Government, 

chapter IX. 

Of the mmnapabtx and the municipal affairs. 

Art. 82. Communities which have not less than five hundred inhabitants majr 
be incorporated as municipalities. 

Art. 83. The municipality is autonomous, and shall be represented by officers 
elected directly by the people. The number, conditions, and powers of the 
municipal officers shall be determined by a special law. 



HONDURAS. 81 

Art. 84. The powers of the municipal officers are limited to local govern- 
ment within their administrative boundaries. 

TEMPORARY ARRANGEMENT. 

Art. 85. Until the establishment of the penitentiary system is effected, the 
punishment of death may be imposed in cases designated by law. 

Final Article. — This constitution shall commence to be in force on the 1st of 
December of the current year. 

Given in the city of Tegucigalpa, on the 1st of November, in the year 1880, 
the sixtieth of the independence of Central America. 

Government House, Tegucigalpa, ist of November, 1880. 

Let it be published. 

Marco Aurelio Soto, 
Bull. 57 6 



Appendix B. 



LAND LAWS OF HONDURAS. 

The President of the Republic of Honduras — considering that the unappropri- 
ated lands of the Republic constitute a source of national wealth, and that the 
increase and development of agriculture call for the promulgation of an agrarian 
law which shall guarantee the property and possession of lands, and likewise the 
correctness and formality of measurements, divisions, setting of boundaries, and 
other surveying operations connected with the acquisition and peaceful enjoyment 
of landed property — making use of the powers conferred upon him by the forty- 
eighth article of the constitution, and the law issued on the 28th of December 
last, decrees the following ordinances concerning lands : 

Chapter I. 

DIVISION OF LANDS. 

Art. 1. The division of land for the purposes of this law shall be into three 
classes : 

(1) Unappropriated lands, which are those that have not been made over to 
any private individual, towns, or corporate bodies, and which are owned by the 
State, although it may receive no revenue from the pastures, timber, and other 
natural products of the land. 

(2) Those which are granted to towns as town lands for use of the inhabitants 
in common, and over which only a right of possession can be acquired. 

(3) Lands of private ownership, amongst which must also be comprised those 
belonging to corporate bodies or definite associations. 

Art. 2. The ownership of the possessors of land is guaranteed and protected, 
whatever may be the time of possession, provided it has been in good faith and 
with just and lawful title, and in default of document any legal means of proof 
of the rights of the interested parties is to be so reputed. 

Art. 3. The unappropriated lands of the Republic can not be acquired by 
prescription, except in the case of titles having been given by the Government, 
without all the conditions of the law having been complied with and their hav- 
ing been in possession of the party acquiring them during a period of ten years. 

Chapter II. 

LAND GRANTS TO TOWNS AND PRIVATE INDIVIDUALS. 

Art. 4. The Government, acting in harmony with the present development 
of agriculture, possesses the power of making grants of land to towns and private 
82 



HONDURAS. 



83 



individuals, in accordance with the existing laws and ordin-ances on the subject, 
or with those that may hereafter be enacted. 

Art. 5. To every town which is the capital of a municipal district shall be 
given gratis, and as town lands, 2 square leagues of land, which must be 
denounced on the unappropriated lands nearest to the town soliciting them. 
Town lands of small villages governed by assistant alcaldes, shall not exceed 1 
square league; and it is a necessary condition for making such grant that the 
village concerned in the matter possess a municipal hall, an elementary school- 
house, and a population of not less than 200 inhabitants. 

Art. 6. The towns spoken of in the preceding article shall solicit their towa 
lands in writing from the administrator of revenue of the department to which 
they belong, through their legal representatives, who in villages are the respective 
assistant alcaldes. The petition must contain not only a statement of the cir- 
cumstances which, according to law, are requisite to enable towns and villages. 
to hold town lands, but also of the special condition of the land solicited. The 
administrator of the revenue shall make a summary investigation, by means of 
witnesses, in order to demonstrate the correctness of the statements set forth in 
the petition, the fact of the lands solicited being national property, and whether 
the petitioners have not already all or part of the town lands to which they 
have a right. These points being satisfactorily proved, the administrator shall 
declare, in an official paper, the national ownership of the land and the extent 
of town lands to which the petitioning village has the right, and shall commission 
a surveyor or expert to measure off the land in accordance with this law. 

Art. 7. On the conclusion of his operations the surveyor shall hand back 
the documents to the administrator of the revenue, and the latter shall present 
them to the Gove -nment through the Secretary of the Treasury. 

Art. 8. After the proceedings have been revised by a special fiscal officer, in the 
manner hereafter stated, and the whole being approved by the Government, the title 
shall be made out in favor of those interested without further expense than that of 
the corresponding stamped paper, and 2 cents, which they shall pay to the public 
treasury for every "manzana" (100 varas square) called for by the surveyor, 
and a certificate of the respective payment shall be annexed to the documents. 

Art. 9. Town lands of towns and villages are granted for the use of inhabit- 
ants in common; their management and distribution belong in towns to munic- 
ipalities, and in villages to the assistant alcaldes. 

Art. 10. Every grantee of land acquires its possession from the moment when, by 
order of the competent authority, it is measured for him by the surveyor comis- 
sioned to that effect. He can make use of the land only after obtaining a title, which 
the Government shall cause to be made out, with the legal formalities, and without 



84 HONDURAS. 

further expense than that of the stamped paper corresponding to the value of the 
grant. 

Chapter III. 

SALE OF UNAPPROPRIATED LANDS AND PRICES. 

Art. 1 1 . All land which is not the exclusive property of any individual, person, 
or community whatsoever must be reputed unappropriated and the property of the 
State. Individuals, societies, or towns that wish to acquire the ownership of land 
of this kind must present themselves to the administrator of the revenue of the 
department to which the land belongs, denouncing it as unappropriated, and 
describing it by its best-known names and recognized boundaries, stating its 
approximate area and the quality of soil; that is, whether it is pasture land fit for 
cattle-breeding or land suited for agriculture. The officer of the revenue shall 
admit the denouncement and, without loss of time, shall either himself or by 
means of the collector of revenue of the same locality examine three fit witnesses 
as to the following points : 

(1) Whether the land denounced as unappropriated is actually or ever has 
been in possession of any individual or town, and the uses made of it or intended 
to be made of it. 

(2) Whether they know of anyone having a right of ownership or possession 
of said land, or if it is recognized as really unappropriated, and consequently the 
property of the nation. 

(3) The witnesses must also furnish all the information in their power as to 
the knowledge they have of the locality, in respect to the nature of the soil, its 
situation as regards navigable rivers, railways, cart roads, and important towns. 

Art. 12. After the conclusion of the examination the administrator of the 
revenue shall formally declare whether the land denounced is or is not property 
of the State; and in this last case he shall proceed to appoint a surveyor or 
expert to undertake the operations of measurement, and shall hand to him the 
respective documents, so that he may act according to the requirement and for- 
malities set forth in a special chapter of this law. 

Art. 13. On the termination of his operations the surveyor shall hand back 
the documents to the administrator of the revenue, who, on receipt of them, 
shall proceed to value the land in question, taking as a basis for this measure the 
value set upon lands by law and the report of the surveyor as to its nature, all 
of which shall be clearly stated in the proceedings. 

Art. 14. The administrator shall thereupon decree the sale of the land by 
public auction, fixing the day and hour for this to take place. The notice of 
the sale shall be given in a newspaper of the department in three consecutive 
numbers, or in default thereof in any other newspaper of the Republic having 



HONDURAS. gr- 

a circulation within the jurisdiction where the land is situated; and it shall 
express the conditions of the land; its area in manzanas of 10,000 square yards 
(varas); its value or price, and the date and hour fixed for the sale. 

Art. 15. On the arrival of the day and hour fixed for the auction the admin- 
istrator shall sell the lands to the highest bidder, giving the preference on equal 
terms to the denouncer. No bid shall be admitted unless accompanied by a suffi- 
cient security or cash or guaranty for the amount of the bid. The denouncer is 
excepted from this condition. The security must be to the satisfaction of the 
administrator, and the bondsman must make himself jointly responsible as 
debtor for the amount. 

Art. 1 6. If in the measured land there should be a cultivated piece of arable land, 
grass piece, etc., formally established, and its possessor should wish to acquire as 
property the area he occupies and as much more, he has the right to purchase it, 
whatever may be its extent, at the rate of the valuation set upon it by the adminis- 
trator, according to the quality of the land occupied, and without overbidding in 
price being allowed. Of this occurrence separate proceedings shall be drawn 
up, in which shall be set forth the measures that serve to guarantee the rights of 
the purchaser, the measurement that comprises the land and so much more, the 
ground plot,and the report of the surveyor, all at the cost of the interested party; 
of all of which the respective title shall be given to him with the formalities and 
requisites of this law. 

Art. 1 7. In every public sale of national lands a deed shall be drawn up in which 
shall be stated with clearness what took place in the proceedings, the intrinsic 
value of the land and its increase through counter-biddings, expressing the total 
amount of the sale, and naming the person or persons in whose favor it is made. 
The purchasers must bind themselves in a formal and definite manner to the pay- 
ment of the amount accepted under the legal conditions and with responsibility 
incurred by back debtors to the public treasury. The proceedings of the sale 
(auction) shall be signed by the interested parties, the administrator of the rev- 
enue, and a notary public, or two assistants who shall be witnesses to the deed. 
Art. 18. The sale being concluded in the manner expressed in the preceding 
article, the functionary who takes cognizance of the proceedings shall remit an 
account of them to the minister of finance for their revision and approval by 
the higher authorities. 

Art. 19. The Government shall appoint a special official, who must under all 
circumstances be a surveyor of capacity and probity, to whom the proceedings 
shall be sent for revision. The decision given by him shall embrace the legal 
and scientific points raised in the proceedings. 

Art. 20. If, from the decision of this official, it should appear that everything 
has been properly done without materia] faults or defects, whether in the opera- 



86 HONDURAS. 

tions of the survey or in other measures, and the Government accept the opin- 
ion of the official, the proceedings shall be forwarded to the Office of the Treasury 
where the payment has to be made. The certificate of the entry of payment 
shall be annexed to the proceedings, and after note has been taken in the Comp- 
troller-General's office, and in the office of the director-general of the revenue, 
the Government shall legalize them. This legalization or testimony of the pro- 
ceedings constitutes the deed of ownership. 

Art, 2 1. It is to be understood that from the moment when an auction sale 
of national land takes place it is adjudicated to the purchaser, but the tralisfer 
of proprietorship dominio util he can acquire only by means of the inscription 
of the title in the registry office of deeds, in accordance with the provisions of 
Article 763 of the Civil Code. 

Art. 22. Whenever it be shown by the decision of the official revisor that 
the survey of a piece of land or of a remeasurement for Government legaliza- 
tion is defective, or that there are similar deficiencies in the administrative pro- 
ceedings, and the Government adopts said decision, the error shall be ordered 
to be rectified at the cost of whoever has committed it. The rectified proceed- 
ings shall be remitted a second time to the Government for its approbation, and 
decision. 

Art. 23. Every denouncement of national lands shall be dispatched without 
delay; and if, after three months have passed without sale taking place, the 
interested party do not press the regular dispatch of the proceedings, he shall 
be held as desisting from the denouncement, and the Administrator may, under 
those circumstances, admit a new application for the land. The proceedings 
shall then be continued in the state in which they are at the time on account of 
the new petitioner, to whom shall be transferred all the rights of the former one. 

Art. 24. If, on making the investigation for the purpose of proving whether 
an unappropriated land is national property, there should arise the case of the 
witnesses being in disagreement with some individual who alleges a right to said 
land, the disagreement shall be settled by the arbitration hereafter spoken of, a 
hearing being given to the Fiscal of the Treasury, and administrative dispatch of 
the denouncement must be suspended until the definitive sentence of the arbitra- 
tors is given. 'But if the party alleging the non-nationality of the unappro- 
priated land in question do not make use of his rights within a period not 
exceeding one month, the Administrator of the Revenue shall, in this case, ex 
officio, make a formal declaration that said land is the property of the State, and 
shall proceed to the further measures, on the petition of the denouncer. 

Art. 25. In the same manner, if, during the operations of the survey, op- 
position should arise from any of the neighbors of the unappropriated land that 
is being measured, and according to the data attainable by the commissioner the 



HONDURAS. 87 

pretensions of said neighbor may be prejudicial to the Public Treasury, the sur- 
veyor shall proceed in accordance with what is set forth in Article 51. 

Art. 26. For the purposes of this law, so far as it relates to the grant and 
.sale of national land, the following shall be the unit of measure : The square 
yard (vara) and the manzana. The latter is equivalent to a square measuring 
on each side 100 yards (Spanish varas). The league of land, which, to the 
number of one or two squares, must be measured off as town lands for the towns 
of the Republic, is a perfect square, whose sides measure 5,000 yards (Spanish 
vara?). 

Art. 27. The geometrical map of all land which is surveyed or resurveyed for 
the purposes of this law shall be estimated in manzanas and square yards, and the 
calculation must be made by every fiscal revisor who, for any cause, has to ex- 
amine and decide upon measurements or remeasurements executed prior to the 
present law. The manzana is the unit that shall regulate all taxes and charges 
on landed property. The minimum price of lands shall be graduated according 
to the following classes : 

(1) Lands suitable for pasture, whether covered with useful timber or not, 
shall be valued at the price of 50 cents per manzana. 

(2) Fertile lands, suitable for agriculture, not only on account of the facility 
with which they may be irrigated by streams running through them, but also by 
reason of the natural conditions of the soil, whether well wooded or not, shall 
be valued at $1 per manzana. 

(3) When the area measured contains the two qualities of land mentioned the 
surveyor, in his report, shall state the number of manzanas of each kind in his 
judgment, or their proportion one to the other, so that the Treasury official who 
has to value the land may have a basis on which to form his estimate. 

(4) Lands situated within a league from the banks of navigable rivers, or of 
lakes connected with them, shall, as a general rule, be valued at $1.50 per man- 
zana. But if such lands excel through other natural or commercial advantages, 
their value shall then be ^2 per manzana. This shall be entirely at the discre- 
tion of the administrator, taking into consideration the data acquired in the 
proceedings. 

Art. 28. The total value of the unappropriated lands which it is intended to 
dispose of shall be fixed by the Administrator of the Revenue, keeping in view 
what has already been stated. 

Art. 29. The Government may prohibit the sale of national land to a 
distance of 2 leagues in a straight line from the shore of both seas, as also the 
disposal of islands or quays (cavos). The Government may grant such lands on 
lease and permit their improvement and cultivation, m accordance with the laws 



^g HONDURAS. 

and ordinances promulgated for the encouragement of agriculture and other in- 
dustries. 

Chapter IV. 

RESURVEY OF LANDS AND RENEWAL OF TITLES. 

Art. 30. Whenever a private proprietor, or a town, or any association, on 
account of loss of title, or any other just cause, may wish to measure their 
land, they can do so on applying to the Administrator of the Revenue of the 
respective department, soliciting permission for the resurvey. This shall be 
granted at once on presentation of the title of the lands or of the documents 
that prove their right. Proceedings shall be commenced to that effect, and a 
surveyor or expert shall be commissioned by the administrative authority to 
carry out the necessary operations on the old boundaries, verified by the unim- 
peachable testimony of two fit witnesses, who shall give their declaration in 
presence of the Land Commissioner, and shall accompany him during the whole 
of his operations, to point out the boundaries and corner posts of the land 
under measurement. 

Art. 31. If it should appear from the legitimate operations of a resurvey that 
there are differences either in excess or deficiency of the land, in neither case 
shall the proprietor need to make a fresh transaction with the public treasury. 

Art. 32. It is the obligation of every proprietor to mark the boundaries of 
Ms land with stone or masonry pillars or other permanent signs, and for this 
purpose he shall have it measured and marked off by a surveyor or expert, pro- 
ceeding in the form set forth in another chapter of this law. The same is 
incumbent on towns, so that they may secure the town and other lands that 
lawfully belong to them, and be able to defend them perfectly from all trespass 
attempted either in good or bad faith. 

Art. 33. On the termination of the operations of the resurvey of land the 
surveyor shall return the proceedings to the Administrator of the Revenue from 
whom he received them, who shall remit them to the Government for the revision 
and approbation of the fiscal. The title of the resurvey shall be delivered with 
the same formalities as those provided in the case of the ordinary measurements 
of unappropriated lands. 

Art. 34. In every remeasurement 2 cents shall be charged as fiscal dues for 
every manzana that results. This fee shall be paid to the Public Treasury, after 
the proceedings are approved, in order that the certificate of payment may be 
annexed to the title. 

Art. 35. The titles of landed property can be renewed by applying to the 
Government, which shall order the legalized copy of the respective deed that 



HONDURAS. 89 

should be in the general archives of the Republic to be made out. In the new 
deed there shall be copied the petition requesting it and the final decree grant- 
ing the renewal of the title, which shall be granted on presentation of the cer- 
tificate of the payment of 2 cents for every manzana of those expressed in the 
proceedings to be legalized. The interested party must also pay the expenses 
of stamped paper, writings, and the copy of the geometrical map, which must be 
annexed to the deed. 

Art. 36. When the person desiring the renewal of a title is owner of the 
property by bill of sale from one possessor to another, or in virtue of any legal 
documentary proof, he shall adjoin the documents on which he relies to his peti- 
tion; and the Government, taking them into consideration, shall admit them, in 
so far as the law permits, and give orders that on the respective title being ex- 
tended in favor of the petitioner said documents shall be copied faithfully and 
in full. 

Chapter V. 

MEASUREMENTS, DEMARKATIONS, SETTING OF BOUNDARIES, AND PARTITIONS. 

Art. 37. a surveyor intrusted with the measurement of a piece of land shall, 
after accepting the commission, receive the papers, and shall mark on them the 
day for the commencement of operations. 

Art. 38. The person commissioned for any survey, resurvey, etc., possesses 
the authority necessary for acting in the sense of his commission without having 
to subject his actions to the intervention of the local authorities of the place to 
which the land belongs. The jurisdiction of the surveyor is in this case of an 
administrative character, and as agent of the revenue department he should be 
assisted in the 'discharge of his duties whenever, with just cause, he calls on the 
local authorities to this effect. 

Art. 39. All operations executed under the law must be authenticated by a 
notary public or by two attendant witnesses, able to read and write, named 
and sworn in by the surveyor, who shall state this fact on the proceedings. He 
shall also appoint a teller and a chain-bearer, who shall keep an exact account 
of the yards (varas) they measure on each stretch, for the judge of the survey to 
take note of in due time. 

Art. 40. The first operation of the Land Commissioner must be the in- 
spection of the land he is about to survey, and has for its object — 

(1) To ascertain what are at the time, or are going to be, the boundaries. 

(2) To see whether or not t'hey can be run, and if they are susceptible of 
material measurement or not. 

(3) To inform himself whether the land adjoins private or national property, 



90 



HONDURAS. 



and in the former case if the interested parties are in agreement as to their re- 
spective boundaries, or there exist doubts or claims regarding them. 

(4) To endeavor, with impartiality and earnestness, to have all disagreements 
that spring up amicably and fairly arranged by the parties themselves. 

Art. 41. After the boundaries that the land is to have are decided upon, and 
the interested parties are' in accord regarding them, the measurement shall be 
proceeded with from boundary post to boundary post, taking the direction and 
distances in a straight line with a chain or metallic tape-line of 25 yards (Span- 
ish yards), of 835 millimeters to the yard; the Commissioner taking care to 
avoid all cause of error and to instruct his assistants as to the convenient plac- 
ing of sights and the carrying the chain accurately along the corresponding line. 

Art. 42. At all points where there is a change in the direction of the bound- 
aries and no natural signs exist, temporary marks shall be made by heaps of 
stones, so that they may not be lost sight of while the formal demarkation of the 
land is being made. 

Art. 43. In the measurement of distances care must be taken to stretch the 
chain in a straight line, so as to avoid the undulations of the land, or to follow 
the declivities, in which case the angles of elevation and depression shall be taken 
and the line reduced to a horizontal. 

Art. 44. The variations of the compass shall be ascertained before com- 
mencing the survey, the most appropriate spot for making the observation nec- 
essary for ascertaining it being selected, and in the proceedings the measures 
adopted shall be stated. 

Art. 45. When lands adjoining others owned by or in possession of private 
individuals are to be measured, the inspection and measurement of the boundaries 
must be executed with the knowledge and in presence of the interested parties, 
and with inspection of their respective documents. 

Art. 46. For the effect of the preceding article the judge of the measurement 
shall officially summon the proprietors or occupiers of the adjacent lands, appont- 
ing a period ot three days, adding one more tor every 5 leagues of distance, so 
that during that time they may present themselves, either personally or by rep- 
resentative, with their titles, in the place where their presence is required. 

Art. 47. A note of these summons shall be entered on the proceedings, ex- 
pressing the date and place of their issue, the place ot residence of the persons 
to whom they are addressed, and the day fixed for the commencement of the oper- 
ations at which they should be present. 

Art. 48. If, notwithstanding the summons, any of the adjoining proprietors 
should not appear at his boundary, the surveyor shall proceed with the operations 
he has to perform thereon, endeavoring tor their security to obtain data from 
other neighbors, or from whosoever can furnish them, for greater exactitude. 



HONDURAS. 



91 



Art. 49. When the line to be measured is defined by a river, ravine, fence, or 
ditch, w^hich from its nature admits of no confusion, the neighboring proprietor 
or possessor may excuse himself from attending, stating in his answer to the 
•official summons in what his boundary consists. In other cases, where the 
boundaries are not well defined, it is incumbent on proprietors or possessors 
to present themselves to point them out, in order that their lawful rights may 
be respected. 

Art. 50. On measuring the recognized boundary of a piece of property it 
;shall be seen whether it is in accordance with the titles or documents from which 
it proceeds, not so as to alter it in any manner, but with the object that, in the 
■direction and extension it actually has, it may serve as a boundary to the land 
to be measured. 

Art. 51. When the proprietor or possessor of the land adjoining the piece 
being measured will not agree as to the boundary that the party interested in 
the survey wishes to establish, the surveyor shall use all effort and impartiality to 
bring about an equitable arrangement between the parties. If he should succeed, 
after making an entry to that effect on the proceedings, he shall carry out in con- 
formity therewith the operations necessary for the opening of the line or lines 
agreed upon. In the contrary case, he shall merely take exact data as to the 
extension, direction, and other remarkable signs of the lines that each party lays 
claim to, so that therewith, and with whatever else it may be well to keep in 
view, the work may be decided by the arbitration hereafter to be spoken of, 
without on that account suspending the further operations of the measurement. 

Art. 5 2. Should the measurement to be made be of unappropriated land adjoin- 
ing others of private ownership or legally occupied, the survey shall be carried 
out, following the recognized boundaries of the owned or occupied lands adjoining. 

Art. 53. Should the denounced land be surrounded by others unappropriated, 
the survey shall be executed in accordance with the terms of the denouncement, 
endeavoring to follow the natural boundaries of the land. 

Art. 54. When lands without defined boundaries have to be measured, so far 
as topographical circumstances permit, a square or rectangular form shall be 
given them, the sides of which shall run from east to west and from north to 
south on a true meridian. 

Art. 55. The surveyor shall carry a field-book, in which he shall note down all 
operations, the direction and length of every straight line measured, the accessory 
measures adopted to obtain the direction and length of such as are inaccessible, 
and all the signs met with on the land which demark the boundaries, and corner 
posts. 

Art. 56. With this book before him, and in accordance with the particulars 
contained therein, and on the corresponding stamped paper the proceedings 



92 HONDURAS. 

stating what has taken place every day shall be written out with clearness and 
precision, both as regards the inspection of the land and the measurement of 'the 
boundaries, and also what is expressed concerning them in the documents of the 
adjoining neighbors, should there be any, and everything else that has been done or 
may have occurred. 

Art. 57. These proceedings shall be signed by the surveyor, by the party 
interested in the measurement, by the adjoining neighbors whose boundaries are 
concerned, and by a notary or the attendant witnesses. 

Art. 58. As soon as the corresponding calculations for the reduction of the 
lines that could not be actually measured and for fixing the area are concluded, a 
statement of the result of said operations shall be entered on the proceedings, 
declaring the steps taken to obtain it. 

Art. 59. Every survey of land must be accompanied by a map, which shall 
show, in proportional scale with reference to the true meridian, the perimeter of 
the horizontal plan and the places or objects that help to a fuller understanding 
of the position of the boundaries and corner posts, nothing the names of these, 
the area in manzanas and square yards (varas), the adjoining possessions, the 
variations of the compass, the scale employed, and the date. 

Art. 60. There shall also accompany it a record or recapitulation of the 
whole measurement, in which may be seen at once the direction and length 
of each line of the perimeter and the magnitude of the angles they form one with 
another. 

Art. 61. Of all that has been done the surveyor shall draw up proceedings, 
of which he shall give account to the authority from whom his commission 
emanated, informing him whether the land measured was unappropriated, as to 
the nature of the land, and other particulars mentioned in Article 27 of this law, 
and giving the number of the manzanas it contains of the precise kinds, to serve 
as a basis for the valuation. He shall also make a report as to any disputes that 
may have occurred, or the way and term for arranging them by means of arbi- 
tration, should they have been left open. Under other circumstances the report 
shall be confined to the matters relating to the object of the commission. 

Art. 62. After a sale by auction of unappropriated lands has been effected, or 
a resurvey of those of private ownership, which the Government has to approve 
for granting titles, the proceedings shall be revised by the special official, who 
shall be nominated for that purpose by supreme decree. The fiscal revision of 
such operations has for its object to observe — 

(1) Whether, in carrying out the operations of measurement or remeasure- 
ment, all the legal formalities have been complied with. 

(2) Whether each and every operation has been performed in accordance 
with the principles of land survey. 



HONDURAS. 



93 



(3) Whether the calculations have been made in accordance with the data 
obtained on the land, and whether the results are correct. 

(4) Whether the maps agree with the data of the survey and of the record 
referred to in Article 60, and whether they contain the remarks called for in 
Article 59. 

Art. 63. If omissions or errors that can be easily filled up or rectified are 
met with, the revisor shall do what is necessary, either himself or by agreement 
with the measuring surveyor ; but if this be not possible, the Government, in view 
of the report made by the revisor of measurement or remeasurement, shall 
decide what is best to be done, and in that case regard shall be had to the re- 
quirements of Article 22. 

Art. 64. The maximum error of measurement that can be permitted in the 
survey of broken land, and of which the perimeter has more than forty sides, is 
2 per cent on the whole extent; having only twenty sides, 1^ per cent. Should 
the error exceed those limits, it will be necessary to resurvey the land. 

Art. 65. When a survey of unappropriated lands, or a remeasurement of 
private ones, has met with a favorable decision from the revisor, and it appears 
beyond dispute not only that it was executed without any opposition, but 
also that the interested parties and the adjoining neighbors, if there be any, 
are satisfied with what has been done, the boundaries indicated shall be consid- 
ered settled, and shall at once be marked in a formal manner by pillars of masonry, 
or in some other permanent and secure way, if no natural landmarks exist. This 
shall be done also on every property and lawful possession of the kind mentioned 
in Article 32, with permission from the competent authority and in presence of 
the parties interested, by the same surveyor who measured the land or by another 
commissioned for the purpose. All that is done with this obje<?t shall be stated 
in proceedings to be drawn up, with the formalities prescribed in articles 56 and 
57. When having to do with measurements made prior to this law, a deed shall 
be made out of all the proceedings of the demarkation, and the originals shall 
be annexed to the titles of the property marked out, with a certificate from the 
Administrator of the Revenue, who must intervene for the proper legalization of 
the different steps. 

Art. 66. Surveyors in the exercise of their duties will be under the samp crimi- 
nal and civil responsibility that attaches to other public functionaries; and if — 
knowingly, through want of skill, and in contravention of what is prescribed in 
this law, so far as relates to his attributes — a surveyor should incorporate land 
belonging to a private individual, or lawfully occupied, or should occasion any 
other injury, he must remedy it at once, making the necessary rectification for 
the error to be remedied. 

Art. 67. If the incorporation or damage treated of in the preceding article 



94 HONDURAS. 

arise through the injured proprietor or occupier not having furnished at the 
proper time the necessary and explanatory data to enable the operations to be 
fairly performed, the reparation shall be made at the expense of said proprietor 
or occupier. 

Art. 68. In the operations of measurement, remeasurement, running boundary 
lines, demarkation and division practiced by surveyors in the capacity of experts 
nominated by judicial or administrative authority, or in those intrusted to them 
by private individuals, they shall proceed in accordance with the nature and 
object of the operation, adhering to the spirit of the prescriptions of the present 
law. 

Art 69. Disputes as to doubtful boundaries spoken of in article 5 1, and likewise 
those mentioned in articles 24 and 25, that arise between two or more proprie- 
tors, whether private individuals, towns, or communities, shall be settled in future 
by arbitration only ; and controversies regarding partitions of land made by 
a surveyor commissioned for the purpose, and which the contending parties dO' 
not wish to accept or to recognize as valid, shall also be settled in the same 
manner. 

Art. 70. The contending parties have the right to name the arbitrators in 
presence of the administrator who authorized the survey or resurvey of a piece 
of land, and in other cases in presence of the respective iudge. Those named 
shall have the authority proper to arbitrators. 

Art. 71. In an arbitration suit the contending parties may appear personally 
or by representative ; and the fees of arbitrators and representatives, as well as 
all other expenses to which these special proceedings may give rise, shall be at 
the charge of the contending parties. 

Art. 72. Each party shall name an arbitrator, and any citizen in the en- 
joyment of his rights may be such ; and the arbitrators thus named shall agree 
upon a third, who shall decide in case of disagreement without the obligation 
of this third party being subjected to the approbation of the contending parties. 

Art. 73. Whatever questions arise, or any already existing on the publication 
of this law, must be submitted to arbitration. If either of the parties should 
fail to name an arbitrator within a month after being called upon to do so by 
the administrator or judge at the solicitation of his opponent, said functionary 
may compel him or may name an arbitrator ^.v officio if necessary. The third 
arbitrator shall be appointed by the administrator or judge, three days after its 
being declared in writing that the first two can not come to an agreement as to 
whom to elect. 

Art. 74. On the decision being given, in view of the antecedents, the court 
of arbitrators shall notify the parties ; and at request of either of them shall give 
order of execution and send it, with the proceeding that caused it, to the ad- 



HONDURAS. 95 

ministrator or judge, for its due enforcement. No appeal can be had from the 
decision of the arbitrators. 

Art. 75. The proceedings in arbitration may last for a period of thirty days, 
and can not be adjourned. During this period the parties must present the 
lawful proofs which they are able to obtain, and these must be confined simply 
to matters relating to the dispute. 

Art. ']6. Each of the arbitrators shall receive for his fee the amount assigned 
by the administrator or judge ; the arbitrators shall themselves form an account 
of all other charges arising from the suit, and this, which can not be contested 
by the litigants, shall be paid one-half by each party. 

Chapter VI. 

t 

GENERAL- RULES. 

Art. 77. After a surveyor has been appointed to perform a measurement, or 
any other survey, no other can be appointed for the same purpose, except 
under the circumstance of the first one having been objected to. When two 
surveyors are measuring adjoining lands they should come to an understanding 
before proceeding with the operations, agreeing as to the boundaries and true 
limits. If they do not agree, they shall institute an arbitration at the expense 
of the parties interested, so that in view of the antecedents of each one the arbi- 
trators may decide on what is equitable. 

Art 78. Surveyors are those who have obtained their diplomas as such, the 
professors spoken of in Article 2 1 7 of the code of public instruction, and doctors 
of the faculty of science of the University of the Republic. 

Art. 79. For the object of this law, in the part applicable to the circum- 
stances, the following are to be reputed as experts in land surveying: Bachelors 
of science and letters who are of age, and those citizens who, although not hold- 
ing a literary diploma, are well known to possess competent knowledge of arith- 
metic, algebra, geometry, topography, linear drawing, and legal mensuration. 

surveyors' fees. 

Art. 80. The fees which surveyors or expefts may receive for their operations 
in surveys, resurveys, demarkations, divisions, and fixing the boundaries of lands, 
are whatever they may freely stipulate with the respective parties interested. 

Art. 81. Failing any stipulation, the fees shall be arranged as follows: 

(1) They shall receive %\ per league for every league they have to travel to 
arrive at the field of operations, reckoning from the place of departure or from 
the residence of the surveyor. 

(2) For inditing, the proceedings and drawing the corresponding map, whether 



96 



HONDURAS. 



of a survey, fixing boundaries, or division, they shall receive $15, and the cost 
of the stamped paper used is on account of the interested party. 

(3) They shall also receive 10 cents for every manzana of land when the area 
does not exceed 300 manzanas; but if it should exceed this number the excess 
shall be computed at 2 cents per manzana. 

(4) If for the purpose of dividing a piece of land it should be necessary to re- 
measure it, the surveyor shall then receive the fees stated in paragraph 1 and in 
addition 20 per cent, on the total amount that the operation would cost were 
it a simple measurement; this on account of the proceedings for division, but if 
no remeasurements should be made, he shall charge only the 20 per cent. 

(5) If the boundary marks of the land are fixed at the time the measure- 
ment is made, and the surveyor directs the operation, he shall receive $2 for 
every boundary mark that Ke sets up ; but if it should not be done until after- 
wards, and the surveyor has to go expressly to set up the marks, he shall 
receive in addition the fees of paragraph 1 and $10 for drawing up the proceed- 
ings, to be increased to $15 if he has to form the plot of the land. 

Art. 82. The witnesses shall receive ^1 per day whilst they^are employed, 
and the laborers and chain-bearers 50 cents. The surveyors, shall make out their 
accounts so that thev may be paid by the party interested in the measurement. 

Art. 83. The fees for the revision of proceedings of measurements and re- 
measurements shall be as follows : 

(1) Ten cents for each leaf contained in the proceedings to be examined. 

(2) Ten cents for each side of polygon that is examined in order to ascertain 
the exactness of their length, and to prove the correctness of the angles they 
form, and of their directions in relation to the true meridian. 

(3) Twenty-five cents for every triangle comprised in the figure, and if any 
other method is employed, 20 cents for each side. 

(4) Whenever, in order to verify a map, it becomes necessary to form a new 
one, the revisor shall receive in addition 50 cents for each side. 

(5) Three dollars for the decision, if the writing does not exceed one sheet 
of paper, adding $1 more for every extra sheet, and in addition the value of the 
stamped paper, if furnished by the revisor. 

Art. 84. The present ordinance abrogates all previous laws bearing on lands. 
Given in Tegucigalpa on the fifteenth day of the month of May, one thousand 
eight hundred and eighty-eight. 

Luis Bogran. 
The Under-Secretary in Charge of the Ministry of Finance, 

Simeon Martinez. 
And by order of the President let ihe above be published and put in force. 

Martinez. 



Appendix C. 



MINING LAW OF THE REPUBLIC OF HONDURAS. 
Title I. — Alines and nnning property. 

Article i. The objects of this code are the mines of gold, silver, copper, 
platinum, quicksilver, lead, zinc, bismuth, cobalt, nickel, tin, antimony, arsenic, 
iron, manganese, molybdena, precious stones — whatever be the form of the bed 
or matrix in which they are found — provided that their development requires 
works and operations, which may be qualified as mining industry, according to 
the rules of the art of mining. 

The extraction of coal and other fossils, not comprised in the foregoing para- 
graph, belongs to the owner of the soil, who shall only be obliged to give notice 
of the same to the administrative authority. 

The regulations of Titles X, XII, and XIV shall apply also to these mines as 
regards to safety, order, and regulation of the works. 

Art. 2. The minerals and precious metals, which are found as *' float" on 
the surface of the soil, belong to the first occupant. 

Art. 3. The minerals for building purposes or for ornaments, the sands, 
slates, argil, lime stone, kaoline, peat, marl, and other substances of that kind, 
which may be found in the uncultivated lands of the State or municipalities, shall 
be of common use for all individuals who may desire to apply them to building, 
agriculture, or to the arts, without prejudice of the right of the State or muni- 
cipalities to concede them to persons by special contracts, which shall stipulate the 
extension, the conditions, and the regulations under which they are granted. 

Art. 4. The gold bearing and tin bearing sands, and any other mineral pro- 
duction of rivers or placers, shall be for free use, provided they are found in the 
uncultivated lands of any ownership whatever. However, when they are oper- 
ated by permanent works, they shall be divided into mining claims. 

Note. — The above paragraphs are revised as follows: 

I, Deposits of coal and other fossils, tin-ores, and precious stones, with the excep- 
tion of opals, are the exclusive property of the State and can not be denounced. 
Bull. bl-. 7 97 



^8 HONDURAS. 

2. The executive power will promote the exploration of said mines in a manner 
which is thought most convenient. 
(Amendment law of March 9, 1885.) 

Art. 5. The dumps, scoria, and tailings of abandoned mines are integral 
parts of the mines to which they belong; but as long as these mines have not be- 
come particular property, they will be considered as common property. Shall also 
be for common use the scoria and tailings of old reduction works* abandoned 
by their owners, provided they are situated on grounds that are not enclosed 
by fence or wall. 

Art. 6. The existence of a mine being recognized, the surface grounds are 
subject to occupation of- the extension necessary for the proper working of it, 
and as the development of the works may require for the establishment of store- , 
houses, dumps, furnaces and machinery, for the extraction of the metals, houses 
for the use of workmen, and right of way to the public roads, not only for the 
transportation of the products, but also of the materials necessary for the de- 
velopment of the mine and the reduction of its ores. But the owner of the 
land is not obliged to allow the establishment of industrial or commercial enter- 
prises for smelting or reducing. 

The right of occupation shall be established only after payment, not only of 
the value of the surface grounds, but also of all damages which may be caused to 
their owner or to any other person. 

Art. 7. The roads open for the development of a mine shall also be free for 
the use of all others existing in the same locality; in such case the expenses of 
maintenance shall be divided between them pro rata of the use they make of 
them. 

Art. 8. Not only the superficial lands of the mine, but also those immediately 
surrounding, are subject to the use of said mine, for pasturing the animals neces- 
sary for its working, when said lands are unfenced and uncultivated; also the 
natural water-supply for the use of workmen and animals. 

Those lands are also subject to denouncement to establish reduction machin- 
ery, and the works necessary for that purpose. All damages shall be paid or 
indemnity given, as in the case specified in article 6; and all the dispositions of 
the same article are applicable to this case. 

Art. 9. The water proceeding from the subterranean works of a mine belongs 
to it. 

Art. 10. Mines constitute real estate, distinct and separate from surface land, 
even when both are the property of the same owner, and the ownership, pos- 
session, use, and enjoyment of them are transferable as in the case of other prop- 
erty, subject, however, to the special dispositions of this code. 

Art. 11. The materials and objects destined by the owner of a mine to the 



'"'" HONDURAS. 99 

permanent working of it: as buildings, machinery, pumps, instruments, tools 
and animals, -are integral parts of the real estate of the mine. But the animals and 
objects used for personal service, or for the transportation or trade of minerals, 
of products and of articles of necessity, the provisions for the workmen, and 
other personal property of the owners or lessees, can not be considered as being 
part of the real estate of the mine. 

Art. 1 2. Mines are not susceptible of natural division. Neither is it permit- 
ted to the partners in the ownership to appropriate to themselves exclusively one 
or more distinct parts. However, it is possible to divide the interests of one or 
more partners in parts. 

Art. 13. The law grants the ownership of mines to individuals, with the con- 
dition of working them constantly, subject to the provisions of this code, and 
to the regulations established for its execution and for their conservation, their 
security, order, and hygiene; but the loss of this class of property, and its rever- 
sion to the State, takes place only in the cases expressly defined by the law. 

Note.— Compare with Title I, the Decree of the 24 of September, i888, also Decree 
No. 27 of February 19, 1889, and Decree No, 34 of March 17, 1887. 

Title II. — Exploration or Prospecting. 

Art. 14. — The right to prospect and to excavate in the grounds of whatever 
ownership, for the purpose of discovering mines, which article 669 of the civil 
code concedes to individuals, can be exercised freely in lands not fenced in or 
not dedicated to agriculture. 

Art. 15. To execute works of exploration in cultivated lands, the permis- 
sion of the owner or administrator must be first obtained. 

In case of refusal from the owner or administrator, the judge of letters, after 
hearing the interested parties, and also an engineer of mines, if he thinks it 
necessary or any of the parties require it, shall have power to grant or refuse 
the permission; and his decision shall be without appeal. 

Art. 16, The permission granted by the judge in accordance with the pro- 
visions of the precedent article shall determine the number of persons that may 
be employed in the exploration, which shall be always conducted according to 
the following conditions: 

1. The prospecting shall be made necessarily when there are no crops growing 
on the grounds. 

2. The prospecting shall not exceed one month, counting from the date of the 
permission. 

3. The petitioner must previously give bonds, if the owner of the land requires 
it, to secure the payment of all damages which may result to the owner from 
the prospecting directly or indirectly. 



lOO HONDURAS. 

Art. 17. Any person who shall have once obtained a peimission from the 
judge to prospect certain grounds, shall be barred from asking a second per- 
mission to prospect the same grounds, under any circumstances. 

Art. 18. If, from any just cause, the prospecting could not be performed at 
the time named, the permission may be transferred to a more opportune time, 
by virtue of a new decree from the proper authority. 

* Art. 19. The judge has no power to grant permission to excavate in houses, 
gardens, orchards, or in any class of irrigated land, or in dry lands planted with 
trees, or in vineyards. 

Art. 20. No excavations, nor any other mining work, shall be opened at a less 
distance than forty yards of an edifice or a railroad, or on any sloping ground or 
above or below any public way or canal whatever, without permission of the 
administrative authority, who shall grant it, if in the opinion of the respective 
engineer it is not deemed prejudicial, and who shall prescribe the measures of 
safety that the case may require. 

In the same manner, and without prejudice of the provisions of the preceding 
paragraph, permission shall be asked from the respective military authority to 
execute said works at a less distance than one thousand and four hundred yards 
from fortified points. 

The same regulation shall apply in case the work should have to be executed 
at a distance less than one hundred yards from canals, aqueducts, watering places 
for stock, or any kind of water-course. 

The violation of this article shall be punished by a fine of from fifty to five 
hundred dollars, besides an indemnity due for all damages caused. 

Title III. — Persons who are entitled to acquire mines. 

Art. 21. Any person qualified to hold real estate in Honduras has a right to 
acquire mines in all legal ways, excepting those who fall under the exceptions 
enumerated in the following article. 

Art. 22. The following persons are prohibited from acquiring mines. Or hold- 
ing a part of, or an interest in them : 

1. Mining engineers paid by the State, who execute administrative functions 
in the branch of mining, within the district where they exercise such functions. 

2. The governors of departments within the departments they govern. 

3. Magistrates of superior tribunals and judges of letters to whom is committed 
the administration of justice in mining cases, within the territory of their juris- 
diction. 

4. Undivorced wives, and sons of the above-named officials, while under the 
father's authority. 



HONDURAS. lOl 

This prohibition does not comprise the mines acquired before their appoint- 
ment to the aforesaid offices, nor those which during the time that they hold them 
may have been acquired by inheritance by said functionaries, or their wives, or 
sons. Neither does it apply to those acquired by married women previous to 
their marriage. 

Art. 23. The mine, or portion of a mine, or stock in a mining company, 
acquired in violation of the provisions of the foregoing article, shall be considered 
as vacant, and shall be adjudged to whoever may apply for or denounce it. 

Art. 24. Outside of those persons and cases expressly excepted by law, no 
one shall be entitled by right of discovery or denouncement to acquire more than 
one claim upon the same vein or lode ; but any qualified person can acquire by 
other means any number he may wish, without limitation. 

Art. 25. Minors and adult sons of families can, without the consent of their 
fathers or guardians, acquire the mines they discover, and these shall be incor- 
porated with their own industrial capital. 

Title IV. — Discovery of mines, and the method of securing the ownership of 

them. 

Art. 26. The discoverer of mines in grounds where no other one has been 
registered within a radius of one league, is entitled to three claims, continuous 
or discontinuous, upon the principal vein, and to two upon each of the other 
veins of his discovery. 

The discoverer of a vein within the radius of one league of a registered mine 
is entitled to two claims, continuous or discontinuous upon said vein. 

Those claims must be registered separately. But the discoverer is allowed to 
apply for a treble or double claim, which can at any time be divided into regu- 
lar claims, subject to the conditions specified in Article 41. 

Art. 27. Any person who shall have discovered mineral in a vein, or in any 
other kind of a deposit, shall make a declaration of his findings before the judge 
of letters of the department. 

In his declaration he shall give his name and the names of his partners, if he 
has any, the most remarkable landmarks which characterize the site where is to 
be found the mine-opening, excavation, shaft or work, in which he found the 
mineral J a sample of it must accompany the declaration, and he shall mention 
the name which he desires to give to the mine. 

The judge to whom is presented the declaration shall note on it the day and 
the hour on which it was handed to him. 

Art. z8. The judge vto whom the declaration is presented shall order it to be 
registered, and the registry to be published. 



102 HONDURAS. 

Art. 29. The registry is a complete copy of the declaration and its contents, 
and of the certification of the day and hour of its presentation made into the 
register book of discoveries, which each judge of letters shall keep. 

He shall give a copy of this procedure to the party interested, if he asks for 
it, and the original shall be placed in the archives. 

Art. 30. The publication of the registry shall be made by insertion in a news- 
paper of the department, (if there be any,) three times, at intervals of ten days. 

If there is no newspaper in the department, the publication shall be made by 
means of copies posted for the term of thirty days upon the doors of the office 
of the judge, and on two of the most frequented localities. 

Art. 31. The locator is obliged to uncover the croppings or vein of his dis- 
covery within one hundred and eighty days, counting from the day of registry, 
by opening on the body of the vein a shaft of a depth of no less than five yards, 
and at its bottom a horizontal gallery of the same length, in order that it may 
be rendered easy to recognize the class of mineral, the extent, direction, and in- 
clination of the vein, and other circumstances which establish the existence of 
the mine and serve to characterize it. 

Art. 32. In case of a regular deposit, in bed or seam, the shaft should follow 
towards the greatest dip of the same and the gallery or drift shall extend in the 
direction of the same, and be of such shape as to show the floor and roof, so 
that it may be possible to note or recognize with accuracy the same character- 
istics or circumstances as in the case of veins. 

Art. 33. In deposits, scattered or in masses, the locator shall make the same 
excavation as in the cdse of a vein, and always open the shaft and drift in, the 
body of the deposit. 

Art. 34. Having performed this work, the locator shall complete the registry 
by a petition directed to the judge of letters, in which he shall describe, from 
among the circumstances enumerated in the foregoing articles, which ones 
characterize his mine, and the direction towards which to measure his claim, 
stating the width he desires on both sides of the shaft, or whether he wants it 
all on one side of it. The petition shall also be recorded like the denouncement. 

Art. 35. The foregoing proceedings shall establish a provisional title of owner- 
ship to the mine, until the definitive title be constituted, upon petition of the 
locator or interested party, by the measurement of the claim, which shall be 
made by order of the judge in conformity with the provisions of Title VIII. 
But the contents of this provisional title cannot be used in any case as legal 
proof 

Art. 36. If the locator does not wish to receive a provisional title, and prefers 
in its stead a definite one, he shall express his wish in the petition for the rati- 



HONDURAS. 103 

flcation of his registry; and it shall be proceeded with in this case according to 
the forms prescribed in Title VIII. 

Art. 37. If the locator, after having made his shaft or performed the legal 
amount of work desires to open one or two more in different places in the vein, 
in order to better ascertain and determine the direction, dip, and other charac- 
teristics of it, and should, before the expiration of the first period of time, solicit 
a new one to execute this work and ratify his registry, or to make definite the 
title of ownership of his mine, another equal extension of time shall be granted, 
which shall continue after the expiration of the first, and he shall be subject, in 
regard to this new period, to the obligations and penalties established in the fol- 
lowing article : 

Art. 38. If the locator has not excavated the shaft and gallery within legal 
time, or, having performed that work, and omits to complete his registry, he will 
be considered as having relinquished his right, and the mine shall be adjudicated 
to the first person who shall denounce it before the default has been corrected by 
the locator. 

Art. 39. A mistake in any of the circumstances mentioned in the ratification 
of the registry may be rectified at any time, and the correction shall be entered 
in the registry. All of which is understood to be without injury to a third party. 

Art. 40. In order that discoverers may be enabled to divide in three or two 
mines their treble or double claims, they shall comply, for each mine, with the 
conditions of ratification of registry. 

Art. 41. Persons claiming a better right to a discovery must present their 
claims within the time granted to the locator for the ratification of the registry; 
and they will obtain no hearing if they do so afterwards. 

Art. 42. He shall be considered the discoverer who first presents himself for 
registry, excepting the case wherein it is proved that there was fraud in antici- 
pating the denouncement or in retarding its presentation by the first discoverer. 

Art. 43. He shall not be considered as the discoverer of a mine who has 
found it while executing mining work by order, or while in the employ of an- 
other; and the person in whose name he was performing said work shall be 
the discoverer. 

Title V. — On rights Jor the exploration of a known vein* 

Art. 44. After a discovery is recorded any qualified person can ask for an 
extension to prospect the vein, during ninety days, in the direction he may indi- 
cate on the extension of the vein fixed by the discoverer, but no other iodivid- 
ual is allowed to, perform work or to acquire the rights of a discoverer on the 
grounds of that claim. 



lO-l- HONDURAS. 

These petitions shall be recorded in the register in the same manner as the 
declaration of discovery. 

Art. 45. If two or more persons should present petitions of this class on the 
same line of vein, the first who has presented himself shall have the preference 
in location, the others following in the order of priority. 

Art. 46. Upon his discovering a mineral deposit, the grantee of this class of 
claims is obliged to register, and shall remain subject to the other rules, respect- 
ing discoverers, established by articles 27 and following. 

Art. 47. Should the grantee fail in finding mineral or cropping, or in regis- 
tering within the time specified in article 45, he shall lose his rights; and the 
claim may be conceded to the first person who applies if in the meanwhile the 
former has not made any discovery, or failed to register. 

Art. 48. If, after having performed well directed and sufficient work in rela- 
tion to the time specified in article 45, the grantee has not been able to find 
vein-matter by reason of the ground being much covered up, or from other 
causes which can not be imputed to him, and he wishes an extension of time, it 
shall be granted to him, after the report of the engineer upon the case and cir- 
cumstances, but with the condition that the extension can not exceed the original 
time. 

Title VI. — Abandonment of mines and their loss by desertion. 

Art. 49. The miner who wishes to abandon his mine shall so declare in 
writing to the judge of first instance. The judge shall order the insertion of 
such declaration in the register, and its publication in the same manner and during 
the same time as the discovery. If there are mortgage debts against the mine, 
the miner shall notify the holders of his intended abandonment, and transfer 
his rights to them, should they demand it. 

The first-mortgage creditor has the preference to the transfer of the mine to 
him. 

Art. 50. In the meanwhile, if the mine is not abandoned in the manner pre- 
scribed in the foregoing article, it shall be considered as the property of the last 
occupant, who shall remain subject to all the charges and obligations inherent to 
the ownership of it. 

Art. 51. An abandoned mine can be registered anew by the first person who 
demands it, and who proves its abandonment by the registry made of it. He 
who abandoned it shall also be admitted to registry when the term of the pub- 
lication of abandonment is over. 

Art. 52. The ownership of mines is lost by desertion, as stated in the follow- 
ing articles : 



HONDURAS. 105 

Art. 53. Mines shall be considered deserted — 

1. When, during one consecutive year, there shall have been no labor done 
by four workmen, at least, engaged in interior or exterior w^orks executed for 
the exploration of the mine, 

2. When the labor of four men having been interrupted at intervals without 
reaching the period of one year, the mine shall not have been worked during 
four hundred days in two years, counted from the first day of suspension. 

Art. 54. It is not necessary that the labor of four workmen required to im- 
prove and work the mine should be performed within the limits of the claim, 
provided that the work performed outside of its limits shall promote its devel- 
opment as shafts, pits, or other works of this class. 

Art. 55. No mine can be denounced as deserted during the four months fol- 
lowing its desertion, provided that during those four months works have been 
maintained or resorted to in it which are within the conditions of legal protection. 

Art. 56. Desertion does not occur when the suspension of work on the mine 
results from unavoidable causes, as absolute want of workmen, war, famine, or 
plague, that affect the territory wherein the mine is situated. 

Art. 57. The work in a mine can be suspended for two years without 
incurring desertion if those who have worked it for two years without interrup- 
tion pay monthly in advance, from the beginning of the suspension, a local tax 
not under five and not over thirty dollars, the amount to be determined by the 
municipality every three years. The payment of this tax shall be equivalent 
as regards the protection of the mine to the regular working of it from the time 
when the miner shall have given written notice to the judge of the day on which 
the suspension commences. Such notice shall be also entered in the register. 

Art. 58. Failing to pay the tax for one single period the mine shall be con- 
sidered as deserted. 

Art. 59. Desertion shall be presumed when the indispensable dwellings or 
offices previously constructed for the service of the mine have been destroyed or 
rendered unserviceable by the influence of the weather, or when they have not 
been constructed during the year following the registry, except when the miner 
is owner of an adjacent claim, the offices of which may be used for the other 

also. 

Art. 60. Several claims located in an old mining property can be worked as 
one if they belong to the same owner, or if belonging to several owners they 
have formed a company for the above purpose, and the judge shall authorize 
them to do so after having received full knowledge of the facts. 

To obtain this authorization it is necessary to express the names and dimen- 
sions of the claims intended to be operated, the mechanical means which are 
intended to be employed, and the time at which the work is expected to begin. 



lo6 HONDURAS 

It is likewise necessary to make evident the existence pf a capital proportion- 
ate to the magnitude or extensions of the works which are proposed to be exe- 
cuted. 

The judge will cause the engineer, if there is any, or, if there is none, an ex- 
pert named by him, to inform him, after examination of said mines, as to the 
convenience of said works, the relation of the capital to the cost of the work 
intended, and the time needed to begin it, and he will in accordance with this 
report grant or withhold the authorization petitioned for. 

Art. 6i. The privilege granted in the foregoing article shall be void — 

1. If the work is not commenced within the time fixed by the judge. 

2. If the work mentioned in articles 54 and 55 has been suspended eight con- 
secutive months. 

3. If the work, having been suspended for alternate periods of time, the 
claims should have been without work for three hundred days in two years, 
counting from the first day of suspension. 

Art. 62. This privilege shall also be void — 

1. By the dissolution of the company organized to perform the work. 

2. By the transfer of any of the favored claims to a person who does not 
work in company with the others. 

But in this second case the transfer of title does not cancel the privilege as 
regards the other claims not thus transferred. 

Title VII. — Hozv to constitute new ownership in mines deserted or lost from 

other causes. 

Art. 63. A deserted mine can be registered by the first person who solicits it 
and proves legally its abandonment according to the following articles : 

Art. 64. Upon a legal declaration of desertion by abandonment the mine 
reverts to the State and loses its boundaries and individuality, and shall be reg- 
istered by any one as a new mine subject to registry. 

Art. 65. The person denouncing a deserted mine shall present in writing to 
the judge of letters the name of the place where it is situated, the facts upon 
which he bases his denouncement, the name of the mine if it is known, that of 
the mining district where it is found, the class of mineral, and other circum- 
stances which individualize and distinguish it. He shall also give the name of 
the former owner of the mine if it is known, and those of the actual possessors 
ot the adjacent mines, if there are any. 

Art. 66. The judge, having admitted the statement, shall summon the last 
owner and the owners of the adjacent mines, to appear personally, if they are 
known, and live in the mineral district or department, or the administrators of 
those mines, the owners of which live in other partsj and, in case neither the 



HONDURAS. 107 

owners nor administrators can be found in the place, he shall notify the former 
by means of a notice posted for fifteen days on the door of the judge's office, or 
inserted three times in a newspaper, if there is one in the department. 

Art. d']. If no lawful contestant appears within the space of ten days, counted 
from the date of the summons, the judge shall issue a decree declaring the mine 
deserted, and order the registry of the petition. If the interested party be out- 
side of the department, the limit time shall be extended with due prudence. 

The registry shall be made in a special book, and in the same form as for dis- 
coveries. 

Art. 68. If a lawful contestant appears, to oppose the demand or denounce- 
ment of desertion, the case will be proceeded with until it reaches a sentence, 
declaring desertion, and allowing the registry, or dissolving the denouncement. 

Art. 69. If the person making the denouncement shall allow one complete 
month to pass without taking any of the measures required to obtain sentence or 
decree of desertion he loses his preferred rights to register or to acquire the de- 
serted mine, against a posterior denouncer, who may have presented ^himself, or 
shall present himself claiming those rights, pending the delayed procedure. 

Art. 70. The denouncer shall have ninety days, counted from the date of 
the decree of desertion and registry, to excavate the shaft and gallery or any 
vein of the claim denounced, as is prescribed for discoveries in articles 31, 32, 
33, and 34, or to perform any equivalent work for the mine. 
• Art. 71. During that term of ninety days, the former owner of the mine who 
has failed to appear to oppose the denouncement, may present a petition to 
rescind the decree of desertion ; but, in this case, he will have to prove, judi- 
cially, the illegality of the denouncement. After that time he shall not be heard. 

Art. 72. The deno*uncer or new possessor of a deserted mine is obliged, upon 
demand of the last owner, to deliver to him, or pay at their just valuation, the 
machinery, tools, utensils, buildings, and other objects or works which said pre- 
vious owner may have left in the mine, and which can be removed without in- 
jury to it. 

Art. 73. The denouncer of an abandoned or deserted mine, which, on ac- 
count of caving in or other causes, is in such condition that it cannot be oper- 
ated, except by means of shafts or other preparatory works of great cost, shall 
be entitled to the same privileges as are conceded to discoverers, without prej- 
udice of those which are due him on account of the kind of works he under- 
takes, and subject to the regulations established respecting those work. 

Art. 74. The denouncement of mines made through the infraction of any 
law which impo,ses as penalty their loss, shall be subject to the proceeding estab- 
lished respecting the denouncement of deserted mines, except in what may have 
been especially determined by the law. 



ic8 



HONDURAS. 



Title VIII. — Mining claims and their boundaries and what constitutes a 
definitive title of ownership. 

Art. 75. The ground which the law grants to a miner to develop his mine is 
called mining claim. A claim has an indefinite depth within the limits of its 
length and breadth. 

Art. 76. In regular veins the claim shall consist, when in unoccupied lands, 
or lands not occupied by other mines previously denounced, of two hundred and 
fifty yards of horizontal length, and of one hundred to two hundred yards at 
right angles, or in width, according to the inclination of the vein to.the horizon. 

Art. ']']. The length shall be measured following the course of the vein, and 
starting from the point of the cropping which the miner designates, so as to 
leave within the claim the works mentioned in article 31. 

Art. 78. The width shall be measured upon a horizontal line perpendicular 
to the course of the vein. 

It can be distributed On one or the other side of the vein, in the proportion 
that the miner desires. But, if the neighbors oppose it, there shall not be granted 
more than ten yards against the inclination of the vein. 

Art. 79. To fix the width, the following scale shall be observed : From 30° 
to 45° inclusive, two hundred yards; from 45° to 50° inclusive, one hundred 
and sixty-five yards; from 50° to 60° inclusive, one hundred and thirty-five 
yards; from 60° to 65°, one hundred and fifteen yards; from 65° to 90°, one 
hundred yards. 

Art. 80. In irregular deposits or masses, the claim shall form a rectangle, the 
horizontal section of which shall be equal in surface to a square of two hundred 
yards a side. 

Art. 81. In auriferous sands or tin-bearing sands, and others mentioned in 
article 4, the claim shall consist of ten thousand square yards, and can be in the 
form of a rectangle or square, or a series of squares in contact with one another 
in the form the miner desires, but without intervening openings or spaces. In 
no case shall the claim have a length of more than three hundred yards. 

Art. 82. The administrative authority shall see that two invariable points be 
fixed in each mining district, of which the line of union shall exactly represent 
the direction of the astronomical meridian. 

Art. 83. In order to proceed with the locating and measuring of a claim, the 
neighboring owners must be previously summoned to appear, as prescribed in 
Article 68. 

They shall have a term of ten days to claim the preferred measurement of 
their mine or mines. 

Art. 84. The priority of the declaration or denouncement of a mine gives a 



HONDURAS, 109 

preferred right to have it laid out and measured over more recent mines; but 
that right of preference becomes extinct if the mine is found deserted, even 
before it has been so declared. 

Art, 85, The petition for measurement not having been opposed, or the liti- 
gation having ended by a final sentence, the judge shall order the engineer of 
state to execute the measurement, after having notified the parties of the day on 
which it shall take place. 

Art. 86, Each of the interested parties shall have also the right to name before 
the judge an expert to witness the measurement and laying out, who will watch 
the operations of the person appointed by the judge, and who will make on the 
ground the observations and oppositions he may think proper in regard to the 
proceedings, data, and estimates. 

Art. 87. The engineer shall previously examine the mine, and after having 
ascertained that it contains mineral or a vein, and that the legal amount of labor 
has been performed, he shall proceed to lay out the claim, distributing the meas- 
urement of length to one or the other side of the shaft, in the manner that 
has been requested by the miner in the ratification of his registry, or as he then 
desires, if there are no neighboring owners, or if there are any and they make 
no opposition; but said shaft shall be always enclosed within the limits of the 
claim. 

He should also collect samples of the ore, and mark out the points where 
he fixes the posts, or boundary marks, that they may be firm, lasting, and easily 
found. 

Art. 88. Mines registered in claims, solicited to explore a vein on the con- 
tinuation of another known mine, should be laid out, if possible, in such a manner 
as to leave no vacant space between the. one or the other. 

Art. 89, A claim must in all cases be continuous. If it should happen that 
there is not enough ground to fill up the measurement to which it is entitled by 
reason of the interposition of another claim, the first shall be restricted to the 
ground which is free, up to the point of interposition, and its measurement shall 
not be completed by jumping over the interposed mine. 

This is understood to be without prejudice of the regulations contained in 
Article 104. 

Art, 90. The engineer or expert shall make use of the magnetic north to fix 
the courses, and always, if possible, shall determine the position of the legal 
work, which they will have taken as a basis of their operations, with reference 
to landmarks easily perceivable on the ground, taking note of their distances. 
In those places where the astronomical meridian has been determined, the 
engineer should note carefully the angle of the magnetic declination. 

Art. 91. The operation having been completed, the engineer or expert shall 



no HONDURAS. 

draw up a record of the proceedings, containing a description clear and circum- 
stantial of the manner in which they were performed, and of their results, as well 
as of the observations or objections made by the assistant experts named by the 
interested parties. 

This record, signed by the engineer himself, by the assistant experts, by the 
interested parties, and by two witnesses, shall be laid before the judge, who» 
finding it complete and in legal form, shall order its inscription in the register, 
and shall have the original placed in the archives and a copy given to the inter- 
ested party ; or he shall correct the faults or illegalities which he may discover. 

Art. 92. If there should arise any disagreement between the engineer and the 
experts, upon any point of their examination, the judge shall appoint another 
engineer or exprrt who shall act jointly with those disagreeing; and if the new 
operation results in a majority of similar opinions, the inscription shall be ordered 
in conformity with the majority and in the manner laid down in the precedent 
article. 

Art. 93. The proceedings mentioned in the preceding articles, shall be im- 
mutable and shall constitute a definitive title to the property of the mine, and it 
cannot be impugned, except in the case of an evident error of experts being 
found in the record, or of fraud and deceit. However, it can be rectified, on 
petition of the owner at any time in which are discovered new data which may 
serve to better determine the direction or dimension of the vein, provided no 
damage be caused to a third party. 

Art. 94. It shall also be rectified, on the petition and at the expense of a 
miner who should locate in the limits, or vicinity of a laid out claim, and who 
should allege that it has a greater extension than that assigned in the title. 

Art. 95. In rectification, the proceeding shall be the same as in the first loca- 
tion and measurement. 

Art. 96. The miner is obliged to maintain and preserve the landmarks of his. 
claim, and can not change or move them under a penalty of a fine of not less 
than twenty-five dollars, nor more than two hundred and fifty dollars, without 
prejudice of the criminal responsibility of his action, if he has done it maliciously. 

Art. 97. If, by accident, a landmark has fallen down, or has been destroyed, 
the miner shall inform the judge, that he may have it replaced in its proper posi- 
tion after summoning the neighbors to be present. 

Title IX. — A miner's rights upon his claim and intersection of mines. 

Art. 98. The miner is the exclusive owner within the limits of his claim, 
and in all its depth, not only of the registered vein or deposit, but also of all 
the other veins, cross-veins, and mineral substances, which exist or may be found 
in it. 



HONDURAS. Ill 

Art. 99. But he is forbidden to follow or work them into some one else's 
claim. 

Art. 100. Every trespass subjects him to restitution of the amount taken out, 
according to the valuation of experts, without prejudice of an action for theft,, 
should bad faith be proven against him. 

Art. 101. Fraud will be presumed when the trespass exceeds twenty-five 
yards. 

Art. 102. In case of the crossing of a registered vein, the miner shall have 
the right to follow it from the point where it leaves the interposed claim, pro- 
vided he is able to identify it, and to require, in conformity to the dispositions of 
article 139, the right of way through the interposed claim, or the right to use it 
for his purpose. 

Art. 103. No one can be accused of trespassing upon a mine which has no- 
claim laid out, nor visible landmarks, as long as it is not legally measured, or its 
old landmarks are not replaced. 

Art. 104. The owners of adjoining or neighboring mines have the right to- 
visit personally, or through an engineer or expert, named by themselves or by 
the judge, the adjoining mines, when they fear that a trespass has been commit- 
ted, or is about to be committed, or that any damage whatever is to result, such, 
as an inundation or other damage of that kind, or when by such inspection they 
believe that they can obtain knowledge which may be useful to them in the pros- 
ecution of their respective works. 

When the visit has been solicited by reason of suspicion of trespass, or through 
fear of inundation, the engineer or expert can take measurements of the works 
adjacent to the mine of the solicitor. 

Art. 105. Groundless refusal, the concealing of the work, or any obstacles 
or difficulties placed in the way of inspection and examination shall be consid- 
ered as a presumption of bad faith in the trespass. 

Art. 106. If the measurements taken by the engineer or expert named by the- 
judge result in proving a trespass, the judge shall order a temporary suspension 
of the work at the intercrossing and affix seals upon the points of division, while 
the interested parties carry their cases before the proper tribunals. 

Art. 107. If the miner, iii his underground works, should have passed the. 
limits of his claim, he shall have the right to enlarge or increase it in the direc- 
tion in which he thus went out of his limits, and in extent equal to that which 
might have occurred horizontally with those works, provided that such exten- 
sion be in vacant lands, or on lands of an abandoned or deserted mine. 

The proceedings in regard to this extension shall be the same as for measure- 
ment and laying out of claims. 



1 1 2 HONDURAS. 

Title X. — Conditions to which is subject the working of mines. 

Art. io8. Mines must be worked and operated according to the rules of the 
art of mining, and to the regulations of security and order laid down by the Pres- 
ident ot the Republic. 

Art. 109. In order to carry out the dispositions of the precedent article, the 
mines shall be subject to the inspection of the administrative authority, who shall 
prescribe the time and manner of inspection, as he may judge convenient. 

Art. 110. The miner or occupant must place at the disposal of the engineers 
or experts, appointed to visit the mine or its works, the articles, necessary for 
that inspection. 

He must in the same time show them the books, the plans, the roll of laborers 
and other data which may serve to make a complete showing, if they desire it. 

Art. 1 1 1. The owners or administrators of mines must keep their works well 
ventilated, so that the laborers shall not be choked or suffocated by the accu- 
mulated gases or unwholesome air, or by the infiltration or accumulation of water. 

Art. 112. The owners or administrators of mines are forbidden under a fine 
of fifty to five hundred dollars, without prejudice of an action, either civil or 
criminal, in case of accident, to allow work to be done in places where lamps 
are burning with difficulty, or are extinguished from the want of sufficient air. 

They are also forbidden, under a fine of twenty-five to one hundred and fifty 
dollars, to allow work to be carried on in the dark. 

Art. 113. Miners are obliged to secure the roof and sides or walls of their 
works in headings and levels, used for carrying ore or material, by means of 
timber, masonry, or broken stone walls, etc., as the softness or hardness of the 
work or nature of the ground may require, under a penalty of fifty to two hundred 
and fifty dollars for the first offense, and for the second of the loss of the mine, 
if, having been requested by the governor, they fail to execute the work judged' 
to be necessary for its safety, in the time which may have been specially desig- 
nated in accordance with the engineer's report. 

Art. 114. The owner of a mine whose deepest workings have caved in, is 
obliged to clear them out until the continuation of said works can be carried on, 
under a penalty of fifty to two hundred and fifty dollars for the first offense, and 
for the second, the loss of the mine, if he does not begin and conclude this work 
within a period fixed by the governor according to the examination and report 
of the engineer. 

If, by failing to apply the proper means of drainage, any lower mine shall suf- 
fer damages, the miner shall indemnify the injured owners, according to valua- 
tion of experts. 

Art. 115. The drainage of a mine, by meanj of works of a lower level. 



HONDURAS. 113 

can not be done without permission of the governor. In this permission, which 
shall be given upon previous advice of the engineer, the proper precautions to 
avoid accidents shall be determined. 

Any infraction of this article shall be fined twenty-five to one hundred and 
fifty dollars, without prejudice of civil or criminal responsibility in case of acci- 
dent. 

Art. 116. In all headings the inclinations of which exceed 35°, there shall 
always be a railing, solidly built, to facilitate the entrance and exit of the la- 
borers. If the average inclination of those works reaches to 40°, there must be, 
besides the railing, a series of footholds in the rock itself, or made artificially. 

Any infraction of the present article shall be fined from twenty-five to fifty 
dollars. 

Art. 117. The ladders placed in the transit shafts shall be constructed with 
a view to the safety of the miners. Any infraction of this article shall be pun- 
ished by the same fine as that specified in the precedent one. 

Art. 1 18. If the workmen have to go down into the mine, through shafts, in 
cars or cages, the owners shall use cables of first quality, and apply the appara- 
tus of safety which, to avoid accidents, the governor shall prescribe, upon pre- 
vious advice of the engineer. 

Art. 119. In the working of the mines, safety fuses shall be used for firing 
powder. In the loading of blasts, only ramrods with points made of soft iron, 
or copper, or any other material which does not produce sparks by striking, 
shall be used. 

Art. 120. The employment of women, or of children under twelve years of 
age, in the interior of a mine is prohibited, under a penalty of ten to twenty-five 
dollars. 

Art. 121. The damages caused to a mine by the works of operating another, 
shall be paid by the owner of the latter, upon a just valuation made by experts, 
without prejudice of any penalties to which such damages may have given rise. 

Art. 122. When, from the visit of inspection of a mine by the commissioned 
engineer, it shall appear that the life of the workmen, or the security of the 
works are in jeopardy, from any cause, he shall dictate the measures necessary 
to remove the cause of danger. Should any reclamation be made, the governor 
shall hear the report of one or more engineers, employed at the expense of the 
interested party, and he shall decide in accordance with the opinion of the ma- 
jority. 

If the report of the first engineer shows that there is immediate danger, he shall 
order the temporary suspension of the work, any reclamation to the contrary 
notwithstanding. 

Bull. 57 8 



114 



HONDURAS. 



Art. 123. If, by any accident occurring in a mine, there shall be caused 
the death or great injury of one or more persons, or the safety of the miners 
should be compromised, the owners, directors, or administrators must, under a 
penalty of fifty to two hundred dollars, give immediate notice to the alcalde 
(mayor) of the municipality, who, together with the engineer or expert who may 
be in the place, shall proceed, without delay, to make a summary investigation 
of the occurrence and its causes, and to take the proper measures to avert the 
danger and its consequences. 

To this end he will have the power to use all the tools, the workmen, and 
the animals belonging to the mine, and anything that he may judge necessary, in 
order to attain his object. Said alcalde shall also inform immediately the gov- 
ernor and the respective judge of what has occurred. 

Art. 124. The penalties which are established in this code shall be imposed 
by the judge. 

Title XI. — Works of excavation and assistance which miners owe to each 

other. 

Art. 125. The miner who desires to operate his mine by means of drifts,, 
shafts, or inclines, can prosecute his works without previous permission, within 
the limits of his claim, or outside of them, if the ground is not occupied by 
other miners. 

Art. 126. If, to carry on these works, it should be necessary to commence 
them in somebody else's claim, or to cross it in all its breadth, or only on a por- 
tion, and no arrangements can be made with the owner, the miner must solicit 
permission from the judge. 

The judge will grant it, if, in the opinion of the engineer, the following cir- 
cumstances are made manifest: 

1. That the work is possible and useful. 

2. That it cannot be performed on any other point without incurring far 
greater expenses. 

3. That the working of the mine which the excavation has to cross is not 
rendered impossible or very difficult. 

Art. 1 27. Each of the parties can also name an expert to proceed jointly 
with the one appointed by the judge, and the judge shall notify them, before- 
hand, of the day on which the examination of the grounds will take place. 

Art. 128. If any disagreement should arise between the engineer and the 
experts it shall be treated as described in article 94. 

Art. 1 29. The judge, in granting the permit, shall determine the course of 
the excavation or work, and the maximum of extension which can be given in 



HONDURAS. * 11^ 

the other claim, from the opinion of the engineer and experts, and the miner 
has to conform strictly to that course and extension in the prosecution of his 
work, otherwise he will have to ask for a new permission, which can not be 
granted without the advice of the engineer. However, such permission shall 
not be needed when the variation is accidental and occurs in order to avoid the 
difficulties which are encountered in the work. 

Art. 130. Before commencing the work of excavation the miner shall give 
bonds to the mine which he intends to cross. 

Art. 131. The owner of the crossed mine must not interfere with the shaft or 
drift which crosses it, nor with its supports; neither can he extract minerals 
any nearer than two yards, unless he constructs supports, according to regula- 
tions. But the miner shall reimburse him the expenses which may be occasioned 
by this compliance with the rules. 

Art. 132. If the party who thus excavates encounters a vein in another. claim, 
he cannot operate and work it, and is allowed only to follow his own excavation 
'across it; and he shall deliver the ores to the owner, after having deducted the 
cost of extracting them, but he can register and acquire the veins which he may 
find in vacant ground, by filling the conditions required of discoverers. 

In this case the measurement and laying out of the claim will be made on the 
surface of the ground. 

Art. 133. If the party who excavates desires that his works should cross 
abandoned or deserted mines, he can take possession of them and protect them 
by the simple fact of his working the excavation, after having denounced and 
registered them. 

Art. 134. In order that the mine or miners should be considered as protected 
by the works of the excavation, it is necessary : 

T. That it should be shown by the report of the engineer that the excavation, 
or a part of it, is worked in the direction of said mine, and that its development 
by that means is possible and useful. 

2. That, in the prosecution of the work, the excavation does not vary from 
the course determined, except in the accidental case indicated in article 132. 

3. That in the work of excavation, the number of workmen specified for 
holding mining property shall be maintained, and all other conditions complied 
with. 

Art. 135. The owners of mines which may be drained by the excavation, or 
the operation of which maybe facilitated by it, shall pay to the party who works 
said excavation, and upon valuation of experts, either the value of the benefits 
received, or the cost which might accrue, if said benefits were obtained by other 
means. This disposition applies to drainage by means of shafts. 

Art. 136. Mines can be used to facilitate the ventilation of those which may 



1 l6 HONDURAS. 

need it, and to allow the underground drainage of other mines in the direction 
of the general drainage. On the surface they can not stop the necessary transit, 
and, on the surface as well as underground, they must render to one another 
those services which, without detriment to any, may be of benefit to others. 

This is understood to be with payment for damages, to be appraised by ex- 
perts. 

Title XII. — State engineers and mining experts. 

■ Art. 137. For the administrative service of mines, there shall be, in each 
mining district, one State engineer who will see to the execution of this law in 
regard to the safety, order, and regulation of the works, and promote the ad- 
vancement and progress of mining. 

Art. 138. The State engineer shall also attend to the laying out of claims, 
and to all the acts and relations of miners which might affect the proprietary rights 
of the State over mines or its direct interest in their operation. 

Art. 139. Where there is no State engineer, or in questions or particular 
indemnities, or other cases in which the State has no interest, the judges or ad- 
ministrative functionaries can appoint experts, selected among the mining 
engineers, bearers of diplomas, or in default of them, among the most honorable, 
creditable, and competent miners. 

Art. 140. The organization of the corps of engineers, their attributes and 
their duties, shall be regulated by decree of the President of the Republic. 

The President of the Republic shall also determine, after consultation with 
the respective municipalities, the limits or extent of the mining districts. 

Title XIII. — Alienation and prescription of mines and sales of minerals. 

Art. 141. Mines can be alienated between living persons, or conveyed in case 
of death, in the same manner as any other real estate. 

Art. 142. The original property of mines is acquired by legal registry; and 
after this has been accomplished, the registered mine remains subject to the rules 
governing recorded property. 

Art. 143. For the transfer of laid-out mines, and to constitute vested rights 
in them, there shall be kept in each department a special recording register, 
placed in charge of the judge of letters. It shall be kept in the same manner and 
under the same rules as the recording register of real estate. 

Art. 144. The transfer of the mines the registry of which has not been com- 
pleted, or respecting which a definitive title of property has not been secured, will 
be done by inscription in the register of discoveries. 

Art. 145. The sale of mines shall not be held as complete whilst a public deed 



HONDURAS. 117 

has not yet been granted. However, the private writing of contracts of sale 
shall hold good .as a promise to complete and legalize them. 

Art. 146. The time of possession necessary to acquire the property of mines 
by prescription is only two years in the ordinary prescription and ten years in 
the extraordinary. 

Art. 147. There shall not be allowed, in any manner, recovery of minerals 
bought in the stores of mines, or from a well-known miner, or in presence of the 
judge, or witnesses not employed by the buyer, or by means of a certificate of 
the proper authority of the district whence the mineral proceeds, stating that the 
vendor actually works a mine producing the same mineral as that sold, or that 
he has acquired such minerals by legal right. 

Art. 148. The purchase of stolen mineral accomplished without the condi- 
tions of the precedent article, subjects the buyer to the presumption of concealing 
stolen property. 

Art. 149. In this last case it will be sufficient for the claimant to prove that 
he has been robbed of minerals, and that the ores he claims are similar to those 
produced by his mine. 

Title XIV. — Hiring of workmen by time. 

Art. 150. The contract for hiring the services of workmen for more than one 
year shall be made in writing, but the workmen shall not be obliged to stay in 
service more than five years, counted from the date of the contract. 

Art. liji. If no time has been stipulated, the services may cease at the option 
of either party. Nevertheless, in the case of overseers, mechanics, or other 
operatives of the same class, either party must give notice to the other of his 
intention of cancelling the contract, although no condition to that eifect had 
been stipulated, at least fifteen days before. 

Art. 152. If the workman engaged for a determined time, with a notice stip- 
ulation, should leave suddenly without serious cause, he shall pay to his employers 
an amount equal to one month of his salary, or to the salary equivalent to the 
time of notice stipulated, or to the days needed to accomplish it, respectively. 

Art. 153. The employer who, in the same manner, should dismiss the oper- 
ative, shall have to pay him a similar sum, besides the travelling expenses of 
coming and going, if, to engage his services, he made him change his residence. 

Art. 154. Shall be considered as serious causes in behalf of the employer, 
inaptitude, disorderly conduct, or insubordination of the employe, or the fact that 
the latter has become unfit for work, from any cause, for more than one month. 

The employer, however, shall take all the necessary care of the employe who 
shall have been hurt, or who has become sick in the service of the mine, or who 
has been disabled from an accident which mav have occurred in it. 



1 1 8 HONDURAS. 

Art. 155. Shall be considered as serious causes in favor of the employe, bad 
treatment on the part of the employer, or the failure to pay his salary at the 
time specified or usual. 

Art. 156. The employe who shall run away, after having received an advance 
on his salary, withouv giving it back, shall be guilty of fraud for the sum defrauded. 

Art. 157. The books of the mine shall be admitted as evidence when kept 
regularly by an employe, and not by the owner — 

1. In regard to the amount of salary. 

2. In regard to the payment of the salary and to the time expired. 

3. In regard to the amount advanced to the employe for account of current 
month. 

Art. 158. Are not subject to the precedent dispositions, the contracts made 
for the performance of a special work, nor those which refer to the service of 
the overseers, of the bookkeepers, or other employes of this category, although 
these may, have been contracted for a specified time. 

Art. 159. The salaries and wages due for the current month to the workmen 
and other employes of the mine, the controller included, shall be paid in prefer- 
ence to all others from the products of the mine. Even the utensils and tools 
can be sold for that object. 

As for the other property of a bankrupt miner the salaries and wages of the 
laborers and employes shall have the same preference which is granted by com- 
mon law to those of clerks and servants. 

Title XV. — Mines owned in society or community. 

Art. 160. The rnine or portion of a mine brought in as property or usufruct 
shall not be understood as regards to third parties as belonging to the society, 
unless such fact has been inscribed in the proper register. 

Art. 161. Should there be no stipulation, the administration of the society 
or community belongs to the associates or joint holders who may have the right 
to vote in the meetings, but the number of administrators can be restricted, and 
even a third party can be in charge by agreement of those interested. 

Art. 162. The administrators shall exercise the same functions which the law 
confers upon the administrators of civil societies. 

Art. 163. The administrators are obliged to keep account books in whick 
shall appear clearly and specifically the investments and products of the mine. 
The other associates or joint holders shall have the right to examine those books 
whenever they deem it convenient. 

Art. 164. Unless it is otherwise stipulated, the members may alienate their 
shares, even without consent of their associates, as if there existed no contract 
of society. 



HONDURAS. 1 19 

Art. 165. The distribution of the gains or proceeds shall be made monthly, 
and in values, except in case of agreement or stipulation, or in specie, should 
one or several of the associates or joint holders, representing more than thirty 
per cent of the social capital, require it. 

Art. 166. But in the case of exception of the preceding article, the adminis- 
trators shall have the power to alienate a sufficient quantity of ores to cover the 
working expenses and those which may occur during the following month, unless 
the associate or joint holder should wish to pay in money the present and antici- 
pated expenses. 

Art. 167. The amount and extension of work to be executed in the mine, 
with the proceeds derived from it, shall' be determined by a majority of votes; 
but an unanimous vote shall be necessary to carry the works beyond what is 
prescribed in regard to mines which give no proceeds. 

Art. 168. In no case can an associate be compelled to contribute to the erec- 
tion of reduction or smelting works to treat the minerals extracted from the 
mine, unless it is stipulated otherwise. 

Art. 169. If the mine should not give sufficient proceeds the associates or 
joint holders can not be obliged to contribute more than their corresponding 
share in the expenses of investigation outside of those necessary to secure the 
safety of the mine, and the maintenance of the works specified in Title X. 

Art. 170. Should any of the members wish to undertake in the mine more 
expensive works, the usefulness of which may have been shown by experts, he 
can solicit from the judge an authorization to carry them into effect and may 
reimburse himself for the amounts expended, with commercial interest, from the 
first proceeds of the mine. 

Art. 171. The associates or joint holders are obligated to pay four months 
m advance, or in the manner agreed upon or determined, the share assessed 
against them in the expenses of the mine as agreed upon or stipulated. 

Should any of them have failed to pay, and having been requested by any of 
the contributors, should not present himself to make payment within fifteen 
days, they can request that the delinquent be considered as having abandoned 
the community or society and his share in the mine shall accrue proportionally 
to that of those who have paid their assessments. 

Even if there had been no previous agreement or stipulation in regard to the 
amount of expenses, the same right shall exist in regard to those necessary for 
the preservation of the mine. 

Art. 172. The demand on the delinquent member shall be done judicially 
and in person if he resides in the department where the ming is situated or has 
a^known representative therein. 

If he does not reside in the department and has not therein a knowa 



1 20 HONDURAS. 

representative It shall be sufKcient to publish the demand three times at least, at 
intervals often days, in one of the newspapers designatedby the judge, if there is 
any in the department, or if there is none, by placards which shall be posted 
within the same intervals on the doors of the judge's office. 

Art. 173. The members or joint holders in whose favor the increase shall 
have been declared, must inscribe in the recording register of mines the portion 
which has fallen to each. 

Art. 174. If there exists a stipulation to work in the mine for a specified time, 
the members who have contributed have the option between the right of increase, 
established in the preceding article, or legal prosecution to compel the delinquent 
to pay his assessment. 

Art. 175. The member or joint holder who, without previous consultation 
with his co-associates or joint holders, shall have executed, at his own cost, the 
works necessary for the preservation of the mine, shall have only the right to 
claim from them, proportionally, the reimbursement of his expenses. 

Art. 176. In the meetings of the members or joint holders, those shall have 
a right to vote who own a share or a portion of a share, representing at least 
one-fourth per cent interest in the ownership of the mine, unless it is otherwise 
stipulated. 

Those who possess minor but uniform shares, can unite to cast as many votes 
as they can form a sufficient amount of shares. 

Art. 177. At the meetings and deliberations of the members or joint holders, 
legally convocated, the majority of votes of those present shall decide. 

The votes shall be counted according to the interest or portion owned by each 
of the voters in the community or society; but the vote of one alone can never 
form a majority, but a tie. 

Art. 178. In the case of ties the judge shall decide, taking into consideration 
the equity between the interested parties and the interest of mining. 

Art. 179. The notification of meetings shall be made to all the members 
or joint holders, at the instance of any of them expressing the object of the call, 
and which must be made in the same form prescribed for notifying delinquent 
members or joint holders. 

Art. 180. Even the members or joint holders who are not entitled to vote 
shall be called; but a personal summons shall not be necessary for them; a call 
through newspapers or posters shall be sufficient. 

Title XVI. — Advances to mines. 

Art. 181. By contract to furnish advances, a person obligates himself to cover 
the expenses caused by the working of a mine, and to repay himself only from 
its proceeds. 



HONDURAS. 121 

Art. 182. Contracts for advances, must be in writing, and they will have no 
effect in regard to third parties, unless they are drawn as a public document and 
recorded in the register of constitution of vested rights in mines. 

Art. 183. Advances may be contracted for quantities or for a determined 
time, or for the performance of one or more works in the mine. 

Art. 184. If the contract does not specify the time or quantity of advances, 
the contracting parties can cancel it whenever they deem it convenient. 

Art. 185. The miner can at any time stop the furnishing of advances by trans- 
ferring the ownership of the mine to the party advancing money and the latter 
by renouncing his credit for advances already made. 

Art. i86. It can be stipulated that the payment of what is due to the party 
advancing money may be made in bullion, at the price agreed upon by the inter- 
ested parties, or appraised by a third person, as in the case of sales or in cash, 
with the premiums which may be determined. 

Art. 187. It may also be stipulated that the party advancing money may 
become owner of a portion of the mine in payment of his advances. In this 
case, the contract will be governed by the dispositions which regulate mines in , 
society or community. 

But if the advancing party using the right granted by article 188 should stop 
the furnishing of advances, the portion of the mine of which he became owner, 
in virtue of the contract, shall revert to the ownership of the miner, without 
encumbrances or obligations on the part of the latter. 

Art. 188. The advances must be furnished by the party advancing, at the 
time stipulated, or as the works may require; and if, after he has been requested, 
he refuses to pay the expenses, or delays such payments to the detriment of 
the works, the miner shall have the option between making a demand in the usual 
manner in such cases, or receiving money from another party for account of the 
party advancing, or contract with another whose account shall have preference 
of payment. 

Art. 189. If the miner invests the money or supplies advanced by the party, 
for a purpose other than was intended without his consent, he will be guilty of 
abuse of confidence, and the contractor shall have the right to assume the admin- 
istration of the mine. 

The party advancing shall have the same right, if, the mine being insolvent, it 
could be proved to the miner that the administration of the mine is careless and 
too expensive, in spite of the advancer's representations and reclamations which 
he may have made against those abuses. 

Art. 190. If, at the expiration of the contract for advances, the mine should 
be found insolvent, the party advancing shall have the right to retain it, and to 
continue his advances under his own administration, until he can repay himself. 



122 HONDURAS. 

in preference to all other creditors, excepting the holders of anterior mortgages, 
not only for what was due him, but also for the new advances with the premiums 
and in the manner stipulated in the contract. 

Art. 191. If the mine is in the position indicated in the precedent article, and 
the party advancing does not wish to continue his advances, the miner shall have 
the right to contract with other parties, whose accounts shall have preference 
over the previous ones. 

Title XVII. — Sequestration of mines. 

Art. 192. When the sequestration of a mine or of its products occurs suffi- 
cient property shall be set aside to pay the expenses of the working. The owner 
or holder can raise the sequestration by offering security or mortgage to answer 
for the restitution of the mine, or of said products ; but in that case, the seques- 
trator can claim the appointment of a controller, who shall see that the works 
are conducted fairly and legally and who shall keep an account of the expenses 
and proceeds of the mine. 

Art. 193. If the proceeds of the sequestrated mine are not sufficient to pay 
its expenses and the sequestrator refuses to furnish the necessary fiands for that, 
• the mine shall be returned to the owner until a definite sentence is reached in the 
suit which caused the sequestration. 

Art. 194. The sequestration of the products of a mine cannot be decreed in 
an ordinary suit, but only after hearing the parties, and in virtue of a title, 
giving rise to a presumption of ownership or right of the sequestrator, until 
contrary proof is presented. 

Title XVIII. — Seizure of mines. 

Art. 195. In executory judgments, neither the mine of the debtor, nor the 
tools or provisions introduced for its operation, can be attached or alienated, 
unless the consent of the miner is expressed in said judgments ; but execution 
can be effected against the minerals on hand which have been extracted from the 
mine. 

Art. 196. If the proceeds of those minerals and of the other effects attached 
are not sufficient to pay off the debt, the creditor shall have the right to take 
the mine under his administration as a pledged property, until he can pay himself 
with the proceeds from it. 

Art. 197. The creditor to whom the mine is delivered as a pledge must ad- 
minister it with the same care and under the same obligations imposed by the 
law to the associate administrators. 

If the mine does not produce enough to pay the expenses of economical and 



HONDURAS. 1 23 

legal operations, he can ask the judge an authorization to make advances, and 
he shall then enjoy the same rights granted to parties advancing, not only as re- 
gards the quantities invested in such advances and the commercial interest, but 
also as regards his original credit. 

Art. 198. Whilst the mine remains in the possession of the creditor, the 
miner shall have the right to visit it, to inspect the works, to examine the books 
and vouchers, either personally or through his representative, and to make the 
observations and corrections which the keeping of accounts and the system ot 
work may suggest to his mind. He may also solicit the appointment of a con- 
troller with the powers conferred in article 195. 

Art. 199. If the creditor does not work the mine according to the legal re- 
quirements, or if it should be shown that his administration is fraudulent, or that 
it is careless and unduly expensive, although he may have been warned against 
such an abuse, he will lose the right of administration, and he shall only be al- 
lowed to require the appointment of a controller, who shall be in the same time 
the receiver of the products of the mine. 

Art. 200. In the cases of insolvency or bankruptcy of mines, the creditors 
shall be asked to take on their own account the administration of the mine; and 
those who will consent to this shall have the same rights and obligations, estab- 
lished in regard to executors. 

This is understood to be without prejudice of the rights granted to mortgage 
holders or parties advancing. The mortgage holders or preferred creditors of 
the mine shall have a preferred right to have the administration of the mine 
confined to them. 

Final title. — Observance of this code. 

Art. (final). The present code shall enter in force on the first day of January 
of 1 881, and on that date all preexisting laws or special ordinances on mining, 
even those which are not contrary to its disposition, shall be abrogated. 

On the 24th of September, 1888, the foregoing Code was sup- 
plemented and explained by the following decree : 

The President of the Republic of Honduras, by virtue of the powers vested in 
him by article 48 of the constitution and by act of Congress of December 23, 
1887, decrees: 

Article 1. By means of denouncement, as established by the mining code, or 
by concession of the Government, is acquired the possession of mines, working 
grounds, mineral zones, reduction-work sites, mill sites, and water privileges, 
necessary for the utilizations of their products as well as other uses. 



124 HONDURAS. 

Art. 2. Therefore^ those who have lawfully acquired these rights, previous 
to the issuance of this decree, or who may acquire them by the same methods in 
the future, shall be considered as their sole owners and proprietors. 

Art. 3. Ownership in sites for reduction works or mills, superficial concessions 
and water privileges, shall be governed, as to duration, by the same laws and 
conditions as those relating to mines; it being necessary, in the denouncement 
of the former, to observe and follow, as far as adaptable, the rules and regula- 
tions governing the denouncement of the latterj and the title granted, either by 
method of denouncement or concession, shall be recorded, as are recorded all 
deeds for real estate, and shall be considered full and sufficient proof of owner- 
ship. 

Art. 4. Mill sites and superficial concessions, intended for the establishment of 
reduction works, or for the development of mines, shall belong exclusively to 
those to whom they have been granted, and they shall have full right to ask for 
their disoccupation, on the part of those who have already or may establish 
hereafter works thereon, such as farms, fields, dwelling houses, or anything of 
that class. In case such works or buildings have been placed by authority, or 
with the knowledge or consent of the rightful owner or proprietor, then their 
value shall be carefully ascertained by experts, and their owners be indemnified 
for the same ; but in case such works or buildings have not been so placed or 
located, then no idemnity shall be necessary. 

Art. 5. When sites for reduction works, mill sites, superficial concessions, 
mineral zones, and water privileges belong to owners of mines, they shall have 
them as accessory holdings, with full ownership, use, and possession of the same. 

Art. 6. Reduction sites which do not belong to owners of mines shall be de- 
nounceable when abandoned, and the method of denouncement shall be in the 
same form as that prescribed for abandoned mines. 

Mills or other establishments for the reduction of ores shall be considered as 
abandoned when the buildings are unroofed, and when they do not contain 
either machinery or tools, and there is not on the ground serviceable lumber 
for their repair; although the walls of the building or buildings should still re- 
main standing, and even without these reasons or facts they shall still be de- 
nounceable and adjudicable, when no formal work shall have been executed 
there for two consecutive years. 

In every case, however, of the denouncement, on account of abandonment of 
reduction works or other establishments, to which this and article 5 refers, the 
denouncer must recompense the former owner, the valuation to be made by ex- 
perts, for everything which, although attached to the soil, may be made service- 
able by repair; or the former owner shall be permitted to utilize the same. 



HONDURAS. 125 

provided he can so do without notable harm to the succeeding works, or he may 
remove them provided he should do so within the time which the authority, ad- 
mitting the denouncement, shall assign. 

Art. 7. At the expense of those interested, there shall be published in any 
newspaper of the capital an extract of each petition made to the Government 
for the purpose of acquiring any of the vested rights mentioned in article 1, and 
the judge of letters, in whose jurisdiction said rights may be located, must be 
officially notified of the fact, and the priority of the petition made to the ad- 
ministrative or judicial authorities shall serve as a base for preference in their 
adjudication, in case of conflict or opposition between concessionists, or between 
them and denouncers. 

Art. 8. Every concession of mineral zones shall lapse if within two years, 
dating from their being granted, no formal work shall have been begun, in the 
form and under the conditions established by the respective code ; but the execu- 
tive power can grant or excuse delays, grounding or basing on the greater or 
lesser probability of such work being established. 

Art. 9. Whenever a mine owner, having several claims in the same district, 
shall work one of them on a large scale, and on account of the scarcity of labor, 
or the lack of some other element, shall be impeded in the simultaneous working 
of the others, the Government, being informed of the cause, shall be able to grant 
him protection in the ownership of said claims for a determined time. 

Art. 10. If the reduction works are to be established on private lands, by 
private agreement and without making use of the rights mentioned in articles 
6, 7, and 8 of the mining code, and also in the decree of 19th March of 1885, then 
those interested shall have only the rights which may have been granted them 
by the respective proprietors of the lands, and they shall also arrange with said 
parties privately in regard to wood and water privileges which they may wish to 
make use of on the lands of the latter, or of any materials that they may desire 
to take from the same. 

Art. 11. Every owner of mines, without paying any tax or fees, shall have 
the right to make use of the timber on Government or municipal lands, and shall 
also have free use of the necessary water, not granted already to others, or any 
materials which may be necessary for the prosecution of his works. 

Art. 12. If various parties should solicit, at the same time, sites for working 
grounds of mines, and there should not be sufficient space for all, then prefer- 
ence shall be given to those having the largest capital, and who shall give guar- 
antees of working on a large scale; and also, under the same circumstances, 
attention must be paid to priority of time in the petition. 

Art. 13. Any question that may arise between mill-owners, or between them 



126 



HONDURAS. 



and private parties, or towns, with regard to the use of water, the cutting of 
wood or timber, or the use of other materials, or with respect to the boundaries 
of mines, reduction-works, mineral zones, or superficial concessions, or with 
regard to the occupation of the same, shall be submitted to the decision of a 
board of arbitrators, which shall be formed in the following manner. 

Art. 14. Before the judge, who has to be acquainted with the question, each 
contending party shall choose a representative, with the power to act as arbi- 
trator. The arbitrators thus named shall choose a third, and, in case of not 
being able by reason of disagreement to do so, said third arbitrator shall be 
appointed by the judge. In case one of the contending parties should not wish 
to respond to the demand for arbitration, or, responding, should refiise to appoint 
a representative with the quality of arbitrator, then the judge, in such default, 
shall himself appoint him ; but in every case the arbitrators appointed must be 
capable men. 

Art. 15. The tribunal of arbitrators being organized, it shall hear the liti- 
gants, who will bring forward the documents and proofs which they may con- 
sider necessary, together with the arguments in their behalf; and said tribunal 
shall proceed with good faith, truth, and care, but without subjecting itself to 
the rigorous process of ordinary law proceedings. 

Art. 16. When said tribunal believes that the contending parties have had 
full and fair opportunity to present their cases, it shall give the decision which 
it believes to be just, and from such decision there shall be no appeal. 

Art. 17. The proceedings must positively be terminated within one month, 
except in case that one or both of the contending parties shall prove that some 
of their testimony or witnesses are outside of the Republic, and in such case the 
tribunal may extend the proceeding for a period, which shall not exceed three 
months. 

Art. 18. The arbitrament, being arrived at, shall be remitted, with the 
reasons therefor, to the respective judge, who shall execute it, and he shall fix 
the fees which the contending parties must pay to the arbitrators; and these 
latter will make a statement of the expenses incurred in the prosecution of the 
case, and the litigants are not allowed to question either the accounts of the 
arbitrators or the fees fixed by the judge. 

Art. ig. Suits, however, which shall have been in process of trial in the 
points indicated in this decree, but prior to the emission of the same, shall be 
terminated in the tribunal to which they were brought, notwithstanding articles 
13 and 19 of this decree. 

Art. 20, By this decree shall be tried and adjudged all disputes with regard 
to mines or other property of which article 1 treats (except those mentioned in 
article 19), the same having been acquired judicially or administratively before 



HONDURAS. 127 

or subsequent to its emission; and said decree shall take effect from the date 
of its emission J all present laws, however, bearing on the same points, and that 
do not come in conflict with it, shall remain of full force and effect. 

Given in the Government House, at Tegucigalpa, on the twenty-fourth day 
of September, 1888. 

Luis Bogran. 
By the President: 

Francisco Planas, Secretary of State. 

To further encourage the mining industry in Honduras, two 
decrees have been issued, one on November 18, 1882, and the 
other on March 17, 1887, granting several exemptions and priv- 
ileges of importance to miners and other persons connected with 
this business. 

The text of both decrees reads, respectively, as follows : 

Decree of November 18, 1882. 

Whereas the mining industry is daily acquiring greater importance, and 
whereas it therefore becomes necessary to favor it, in order that it may attain 
in as short a time as possible all the development and perfection of which it is 
capable, therefore the President decrees: 

Article 1. Honduraneans or foreigners who, associated together or as private 
individuals, engage in the bona fide working of mines which have first been duly 
enrolled shall enjoy the following concessions: 

1. To export free of duty the silver, gold, copper, etc., etc., which they 
produce. 

2. To introduce free of duty and of every kind of imposts machinery for rais- 
ing weights, stamping and grinding ores, for extracting the metals therefrom, for 
working iron and steel, and sawing timber, etc., etc., whether the said machinery 
be moved by steam or water, pumps to extract water, shovels, hammers, planta- 
tion knives, axes, drills, wedges, grindstones, machinists' tools, including forges, 
anvils, etc., etc., powder of all k"nds, exploders and fuse to produce the explo- 
sion, oils for illuminating and lubricating purposes, materials in bulk, such as 
steel for augers, iron in plates or bars or cast or in the form of hoops, nails, spikes, 
screws, tubes of iron, bronze, copper, lead, gutta percha, etc., locks, hinges, 
ropes made of steel, iron, hemp, or other material,, plates of pure or sheet copper, 
silver and copper in bars for smelting, bronze, tin, lead, quicksilver, or any 
other metal considered necessary to carry out the work, diamonds in bulk or with 
teeth, diamond drills if needed to drill rock, all the material used in the art of 



1 28 HONDURAS. 

assaying ores, such as crucibles, smelting furnaces, chemical ingredients for mix- 
ing and analysis, or to be employed in the milling of ores, or to extract there- 
from the gold, silver, and copper which they contain j the said ingredients may 
be acids, sulphur, metallic salts, etc., glass apparatus for chemical operations, 
stearine or sperm candles, and tents of cloth. 

3. The right to use the woods and waters extant in public or vacant lands, 
without other restriction than such regulations of the Government or which with 
its approval the respective municipalities may issue concerning the same; and 

4. The operatives engaged in mines and mills shall be free from military duty 
during the time they remain thus employed, but they must engage to serve for 
at least six months, to which end the managers shall register with the respective 
departmental commanders the number of operatives which they may need.. 

Art. 2. The materials specified in article 1, must be ordered from abroad 
directly by the owners of the mines, or by the superintendents representing them, 
and they must send a copy of the said order to the secretary of the treasury 
(secretario de hacienda). These articles shall be brought directly from the 
ports to the establishment of the mines, to which they belong, and the way-bill 
for the transit of the same, shall be extended by the administrator of customs 
and returned by the alcalde of the municipality in whose jurisdiction the estab- 
lishments are situated. 

Art. 3, The managers of the mines are obliged to construct a safe place for 
storage of powder and other explosives. Such places for storage will not be 
permitted within the precincts of human settlements. 

Art. 4. The managers of mines shall not be permitted to sell the powder or 
other dutiable articles, which they have introduced free under these concessions, 
during the time they carry on their operations. The party who violates this 
rule shall be prosecuted as a smuggler, losing in addition the right of availing 
himself of the privileges of this decree. But the matriculated miners located in 
the same mining district, may in cases of urgent necessity make loans and sales 
among themseves, of such articles as they may require to continue their opera- 
tions, after previously obtaining permission of the respective judge of the peace. 

Art. 5. A mine being abandoned, its owners shall have the right to sell, at a 
price which shall not exceed the first cost, their machinery, tools, and all com- 
prised in loose fixture {material volante), but before executing said sale, the 
owners must present to the government an inventory of the existing material, 
in case it would be convenient to buy all, or part of the referred to and exist- 
ing property, to which the government shall have the first right of preference. 

Art. 6. In all the " tercenas " (government stores) will be sold the powder, 
at six reals per pound, needed by the matriculated miners. 



HONDURAS. 12Q 

Art. 7. The governors of the departments will keep a register, in which br 
sohcitation of the interested parties, the governors will inscribe the namJs of 
mines which are under exploitation in their respective departments, according 
to the regulations of the mining code, they will also inscribe the name of the in- 
dividual or company to which they belong. 
^^ The certificate of this register will constitute the matriculation, which with 

anonymous," companies will be extended in favor of the superintendent 

Art 8 In making the register, the governors will demand the presentation 
of the defimte title of the mining property, also judicial information that the 
mine is worked. Every four months the governors will remit to the " ministerio 
de hacienda a report about the extended matriculations. 

Art. 9 The matriculation shall be renewed every four months, otherwise it 
shall be of no advantage. 

Art. 10. The present decree shall not admit of any change during ten years, 
and all the privileges hereby granted shall be considered in force during that 
period. ® 

Decree of March 17, 1887. 

The President of the Republic of Honduras, to the inhabitants thereof, know 
that the national congress has ordered the following decree No 34. 

The national congress, with the view of giving to the mining 'industry a large 
augmentation, decrees: / «• S*- 

Single article. 

There is conceded to the miner the exclusive right to use for the working of 
his mine, all the woods, which are found on the mining claims, that were given 
to him according to law, and which are in national lands. 
Bull. 57— 9 



Appendix D. 



TARIFF OF HONDURAS. 

The tariff of Honduras, as here printed, is the latest official publication, but a 
decree was issued in 1893 augmenting the duties 20 per cent on all merchandise 
imported into the country. This increase, however, does not apply to imports 
from the United States, which are regulated by the special reciprocity agreement. 

The official tariff of Honduras is arbitraril)^ divided into eleven classes, according to 
the rate of duty charged per pound, which is assessed on the gross weight of the mer- 
chandise. The following schedules have been arranged alphabeticall}^ and include all 
the articles expressed in the tariff. 

The valuations expressed in English are calculated on the basis of the official valua- 
tion of foreign coins issued by the Director of the Mint of the United States October i, 
1S91, in which the peso is valued at 71.3 cents, United States currenc}^ but the price 
of silver has since fallen, and on January i, 1894, the peso was valued at 51.6 cents, 
United States currency. 



ARTICLE OF MERCHANDISE. 



Acetic acid 

Acid, sulphuric 

Adzes. (See instruments or tools.) 

ASrated water , , 

Albums. (See portfolios, cigar- 
cases, etc.) 

Almond oil 

Almonds, unshelled or shelled., 

Alpaca. (See cloth, panete, etc.) 

Altar-cloths. (See chasubles, etc.) 
Altar linen. (See chasubles, etc.) 

Alum, crude 

Ammunition, small shot, and bul- 
lets 

Anatomical instruments. (See in- 
struments of surgery, etc.) 

Anchors. (Seeiron,manufactured, 

etc.) 

Animals, dissected 

130 



Duty per 

pound 

inU. S. 

currency. 



Dollars. 
.058 
.0145 
.0145 

.0145 

•2175 
.0145 
. 029 

■3625 

.58 
.58 

.058 

.029 

.087 



.0145 
.058 



ARTICULO DE MERCANCIA. 



Acido acetico 

Acido sulfurico 

Azuelas. (V6ase herramnentas e 

instrumentos, etc.) 

Aguas gaseosas 

Albums. (Vease carteras, taba- 

queras, etc.) 

Aceite de almendras 

Almendras, con cascaras 6 mon- 

dadas 

Alpaca. (Vease pano, panete, 

etc.) . 

Manteles. (Vease casullas, etc.) 
Pafiosparacubrircdlices. (V6ase 

casullas, etc.) 

Alumbre crudo 

Municiones, perdigones y balas. 

Instrumentos de anatomia. 
(Vease instrumentos de ciru- 
gia, etc.) 

Anclas. (Vease hierro manu- 
facturado, etc.) 

Animates disecados 



Derechos 
por libra 
en mone- 
da hondu- 
rena. 



Pesoi 



oS 
02 

02 
02 

30 
02 

04 

50 
80 

8a 
08 
04 



,02 

,oS 



HONDURAS. 



131 



ARTICLE OF MERCHANDISE. 



Aniseed, caraway seed, cinna- 
mon, cumin, cubebs, cloves, 
marjoram, pepper, and other 
spices used for seasoning food. 

Anodynes , 

Anvils. (See instruments or tools, 
etc.) 

Appliqu6 work. (See laces, 
stripes, etc.) 

Areometers of all sorts 

Articles not specified " 



Articles of German silver or its 
imitations, such as waiters, 
trays, bits, muzzles, spurs, stir- 
rups, hinges, buckles, chande- 
liers, lamps, candlesticks, and 
others 

Articles of iron or other metals, 
gilt or silver-plated 

Articles wholly or in part of gold 
or silver 

, Augers. (See tools for arts, etc.) 

Augers and borers for perforat- 
ing stones and logs 

Awls. (See tools for arts, etc.) . 

Axes. (See instruments or tools, 
etc.) 

Baby carriages. (See baskets, 
etc.) 

Bacon, when not canned 

Bags or pouches for hunters 

Bags, traveling, of all sorts 

Baize and ratteen in blankets or 
by the piece 

Balances of copper, or of which 
copper is the chief material. . . . 

Balances, steelyards, and weights, 
excepting those made of copper 
or of which copper forms the 
chief material 

Balconies, iron. (See iron, 
manufactured, etc.) 

Balusters. (See iron, munufac- 
tured, etc.) 

Barle}', hulled or ground 



Duty per 

pound 

in U.S. 

currency. 



Dollar s^. 

.058 

•1305 
.0145 

.58 
• 1305 
I.0S8 



■3625 
■174 
[.088 
. 029 



0145 
029 



.0145 

.058 
.0145 
■1305 
, 029 

■2175 
, 029 



.0145 
.0145 



.0145 
.0145 



ARTICULO DE MERCANCfA. 



Anis en grano, alcaravea, canela, 
canelon, comino, cubeba, 
clavos, oregano, pimienta y 
demas especias que sirven 
para sazonar 6 condimentar 
los alimentos , 

Anodinos , 

Bigornias. (Vease herramientas 
6 instrumentos, etc.) , 

Embutidos. (Vease encajes, 
tiras, etc.) 

Areometros de todas clases 

Alguno 6 algunos otros articulos 
que no esten comprendidos en 
las clases anteriores 

Efectos de plata alemana 6 metal 
bianco ysusimitaciones, como 
bandejas, azafates, frenos, 
bozales, espuelas, estribos, 
charnelas, hebillas, arafias, 
lamparas, candeleros ti otros. . 

Efectos de hierro ii otro metal, 
dorados 6 plateados 

Los articulos de oro 6 plata, 6 
los que tengan algo de alguno 
de estos metales 

Barrenos. (Vease instrumentos 
para artes, etc.) 

Barrenos y taladros para perf orar 
piedras 6 troncos 

Leznas. (Vease instrumentos 
para artes, etc.) 

Hachas. (Vease herramientas 
e instrumentos, etc.) 

Cochecitos para niiios. (Vease 
canastos, etc.) 

Tocino, cuando novieneenlatas. 

Bolsas 6 sacos para cazadores . 

Sacos de viaje, de todas clases. 

Bayeta, bayetilla y ratina en 
piezas 6 frazadas 

Balanzas de cobre 6 que tengan 
la mayor parte de este metal. 

Balanzas, romanas y pesos, ex- 
cepto los de cobre 6 que ten- 
gan la mayor parte de este 
metal ■ 

Balcones de hierro. (Vease hi- 
erro manufacturado, etc.) . . . 

Balaustres. (Vease hierro ma- 
nufacturado, etc.) 

Cebada mondada 6 molida .... 



Derechos 
por libra 
en mone- 
da hondu 
reiia. 



132 



HONDURAS. 



ARTICLE OF MERCHANDISE. 



Barometers 

Baskets, baby carriages, and 
other articles of osier or rushes, 
there being included in this 
classification all baby carria^s 
of whatever material 

Batiste. (See muslin, batiste, 
etc.) 

Batiste or cambric, of linen or of 
linen mixed with cotton, or any 
other fine fabric of linen or linen 
mixed with cotton, not included 
in other classes 

Battens, picture frames, or mold- 
ings of wood, painted, var- 
nished, gilded, or silver plated. . 

Beads and bugles of glass, porce- 
lain, steel, wood, or any other 
material, excepting gold and 
silver 

Bedspreads. (See huckaback 

etc.) 

Beer of all sorts, however put up, 

Bell metal. (See steel, copper, 
etc.) 

Bellows of all sorts. (See instru- 
ments or tools, etc.) 

Belts, cotton. (See ribbons 

braids, etc.) 

Belts, linen, etc. (See laces 

stripes, etc.) 

Belts, woolen, etc. (Se_e under- 

stockings, stockings, etc.) 

Bench-screws. (See tools for 

arts, etc.) , 

Bene seed 

Billiard balls of ivory, when im- 
ported without the table , 

Billiard-cue tips 

Billiard cushions 

Billiard tables, with all their ap- 
" purtenances, including the balls 
and the cloth for each billiard- 
table, when imported with the 
table 



Duty per 

pound 

in U.S. 

currency. 



Dollars. 
•174 



058 



58 



1.088 



029 



•1305 

.087 
.0145 

.029 
.0145 

.174 

.58 

•2175 

. 029 

.0145 

[.088 
.058 

.058 



,058 



ARTICULO DE MERCANCfA. 



Barometros 

Canastos, canastillos, cochecitos 
para niflos y otras piezas de 
mimbre 6 junco; quedando 
inclusos en este clasificacion 
los cochecitos para niiios, de 
cualquier materia que scan . . . 

Batista. (Vease muselina, ba- 
tista, etc.) 

Holan batista 6 claron de lino 6 
mezclado con algodon, 6 cu- 
alquiera otra tela fina de lino 
6 mezclada con algodon, no 
incluida en las clases anteri- 
ores 

Listones, cafiuelas, cenefas 6 
moldurasdemadera.pintadas, 
barnizadas, doradas 6 platea- 
das 

Abalorios, canutillos j cuentas 
de vidrio, porcelana, acero, 
madera y cualquiera otra ma- 
teria, excepto las de oro y 
plata .^ 

Colchas. ' (Vease alemanisco, 
etc.) 

Cerveza de todas clases y en 
cualquier envase 

Metal campanil. (Vease acero, 
cobre, hierro, etc.) 

Fuellesde todas clases. (Vease 
herramientas 6 instrumenios, 
etc.) , 

Fajas de algodon. (Vease hela- 
dillas 6 cintas, etc.) 

Fajas de lino. (Vease encajes, 
tiras, etc.) , 

Fajas de lana. (Vease calcetas, 
medias, etc.) 

Tornos y tornillos de banco. 
(Vease instrumentos para 
artes, etc.) , 

Ajonjoli 

Bolas de marfil para billares, 
cuando vengan sin estos , 

Puntas de suela para los tacos 
de billar 

Bandas de billar 

Billares con todos sus enseres, 
inclusas las bolas y el pano 
correspondienles a cada mesa 
de billar cuando vengan junta- 
mente con los billares 



Derechos 
por libra 
en mone- 
da hondu- 
rena. 



HONDURAS. 



133 



ARTICLE OF MERCHANDISE. 



Binocles. (See eyeglasses, etc.).. 

Bits. (See articles of German 
silver, etc.) 

Bits. (See iron, manufactured, 
etc.) 

Bituminous applications of all 
sorts 

Blank books , 

Blankets, cotton. (See hucka- 
back, etc.) , 

Blankets or coverlets of wool or 
mixed with cotton, white or 
colbred 

Blondes. (See laces, stripes, blon- 
des, etc.) , 

Blunderbusses. (S e e swords, 
sabres, etc.) 

Boar's bristles, for shoemakers. . . 

Bombazine. (See cloth, panete, 
etc.) 

Boneblack 

Bone, ivory, mother-of-pearl, jet 
and its imitations, tortoise shell 
and its imitations, rubber, gum 
elastic, horn, and talc, manu- 
factured into articles not in- 
cluded in other classes , 

Sonnets. (See jerkins or doub- 
lets, etc.) 

Books. (See blank books.) 

Boot hooks 

Bosoms, paper. (See paper lan- 
terns, etc.) 

Bottle-stands 

Bougies 

Bows. (See understockings, 
stockings, etc.) 

Bo.xes, candy. (See figures, orna- 
ments, etc.) 

Boxes for watches or jewelry, 
even when empty and sepa- 
rately Imported 

Boxes, money. (See iron, in 
wire, etc.) , 

Brabant. (See canvas, brabant, 

etc.) 

Braids. (See laces, stripes, etc.). , 



Duty per 
pound 
in U.S. 

currency. 



Dollars, 
•3625 



.3625 

.0145 

.0145 
.0145 

.087 
.174 

.3625 
.058 

.3625 
.0145 



174 



1305 
0145 

058 

.058 
.087 
■1305 

2175 

058 



1.085 
.0145 



.058 
,58 



ARTICULO DE MERCANCfA. 



Derechos 
por libra 
en mone- 
da hondu- 
reiia. 



Gemelos 6 binoculos. (V6ase 
anteojos, etc.) 

Frenos. (Vease efectos de plata 
alemana, etc.) , 

Brocas. (V6ase hierro manu- 
facturado, etc.) 

Betunes detodas clases, excepto 
el de calzado 

Libros y libretines en bianco . . . . 

Frazadas de algodon. (Vease 
alemanisco, damasco, etc.). . . . 

Frazadas, mantas 6 cobertores 
de lana 6 mezclada con algo- 
don, blancas 6 de color 

Blondas. (Vease encajes, tiras, 
etc.) 

Trabucos. (Vease espadas, sa- 
bles, etc.) 

Cerda de jabali para zapateros. . 

A16pin. (Vease pailo, pailete, 
etc.) 

Carbon animal 

Hueso, marfil, nacar, azabache 
y sus imitaciones, carey y sus 
imitaciones, caucho, go ma 
elastica, asta 6 cuerno, y talco 
manufacturado en cualquier 
forma, no comprendidos en 
otras clases 

Gorras. (Vease almillas, etc.). . 

Libros y libretines. (Vease li- 
bros y libretines en bianco.). . 

Tirabotas 

Pecheras de papel. (Vease 
farolillos de papel, etc.) 

Porta-botellas 

Candelillas 6 sondas 

Lazos. (Vease calcetas, me- 
dias, etc.) 

Envases para dulces. (Vease 
figuros, adornos, etc.) 

Las cajitas vacias preparadas 
para relojes y prendas finas, 
aunque vengan por separado. . 

Cajas para guardar dinero. 
(Vease hierro manufacturado, 
etc.) 

Bramante. (Vease canamazo 
crudo, etc.) 

Trenzas. (Vease encajes, tiras, 
etc.) 



Pesos. 



•50 

.50 

.02 

. 02 
. 02 



.24 

.80 



.50 
.08 



•50 
. 02 



.24 
.18 



. 12 
.18 

•30 

.oS 

1.50 

.02 
.08 
.80 



134 



HONDURAS. 



ARTICLE OF MERCHANDISE. 



Braids, cottbn. (See ribbons, 
braid, etc.) 

Brass, manufactured. (See steel, 
copper, etc.), 

Brass, unwrought. (See steel, 
bronze, etc.) 

Breast-pumps 

Bricks, bristol or scouring 

Bristles. (See boar's bristles.). . . 

Bristol brick 

Bronze in powder and in little 

books, for bronzing 

Bronze, manufactured. (See 

steel, copper, etc.) 

Bronze, unwrought. (See steel, 

copper, etc.) 

Brooches. (See pins, etc.) 

Brooms and brushes of bristles. .. 

Brooms of palm, rushes, or vege- 
table material 

Brushes. (See tools forarts, etc.). 

Brushes, common, for animals. . 

Brushes for the teeth, the head, 
the clothes, the shoes, and for 
any other use, excepting those 
included in the third class 



Brushes of palm, rushes, or other 
vegetable material , 



Brushes, painters', of all sorts . . . 

Buckles. (See articles of German 

silver, etc.) 

Bullets. (See ammunition, etc.). . 
Burins. (See tools for arts, etc.). . 

Busts, iron. (See iron, manufac- 
tured, etc.) 

Butter 

Buttons of all kinds, excepting 
those of silk, shell, silver, or 
gold 

Buttons, shell 

Cables 

Cages for birds. (See wire, man- 
ufactured, etc.) 

Calendars, perpetual 



Duty per 

pound 

in U.S. 

currency. 



Dollars. 
.174 
. 029 

.0145 

■1305 
.0145 
.058 

.0145 

.3625 

. 029 

.0145 

.0S7 

.058 



0145 
, 029 

. 029 



.087 

0145 
.1305 



3625 
, 029 
. 029 



0145 
029 



. 1305 
•2175 
.0145 

,087 
,087 



ARTICULO DE MERCANCfA. 



Derechos 
por libra 
en mone- 
da hondu- 
rena. 



Trencillas de algodon. (Vease 
hiladillos 6 cintas, etc.) 

Laton 6 azofar manufacturado. 
(Vease acero, cobre, etc.) . . . . 

Laton en pasta, etc. (Vease 
acero, bronce, etc.) 

Mamaderas 

Ladrillos paralimpiarcubiertos. . 

Cerda. (Vease cerda de jabali, 
etc.) 

Ladrillos paralimpiarcubiertos. . 

Bronce en polvoy libritos, para 
broncear 

Bronce manufacturado. (Vease 
acero, cobre, etc.) 

Bronce, en pasta, etc. (V6ase 
acero, bronce, etc.) 

Broches. (Vease alfileres, etc.). 

Escobas, escobillas y escobi- 
llones de cerda 

Escobas de palma, junco ix 
otra materia vegetal 

Cepillos. (Vease instrumentos 
para artes, etc.) 

Cepillos ordinarios 6 bruzas 
para las bestias 

Cepillos para los dientes, la ca- 
beza, la ropa, el calzado, y 
para cualquier otro uso, ex- 
cepto los comprendidos en la 
tercera clase 

Escobas, escobillas y escobi- 
llones de palma, junco 11 otra 
materia vegetal 

Brochas y pinceles de todas 
clases 

Hebillas. (Vease efec to s de 
plata alemana, etc.) 

Balas. (Vease municiones, etc.) . 

Buriles. (Vease instrumentos 
para artes, etc.) 

Bustos. (Vease hierro manu- 
facturado, etc.) 

Mantequilla 

Botonesde todas clases, excepto 
los de seda, concha, plata y 
oro 

Botones de concha 

Cables 

Jaulas para pajaros. (Vease 
alambre manufacturado, etc.). 

Calendarios perpetuos 



Pesos. 
.24 
.04 



HONDURAS. 



135 



ARTICLE OF MERCHANDISE. 



Cambric, lace, zeph)T, linen 
tarlatan, muslin, and any 
other fine linen fabrics made 
up into neck-cloths, ruchings, 
caps, skirts, sleeves, capes, 
chemisettes, gowns, or other 
articles not included in other 
classes 

Cambric, linen 

Camera lucida or camera obscura, 
for drawing or photography, 
and other such apparatus 

Canary seed 

Candlesticks, not specified. (See 
chandeliers, globes, etc., arti- 

* cles of German silver, etc.). . . . 

Candles, sperm, paraffin, or stear- 
in 

Cane, unmanufactured 

Canes 

Canned foods. (See sausages, 

etc.) 

Canvas and raven's duck of 

cotton 

Canvas, brabant, and other similar 

ordinary cloths 

Canvas, cotton, for embroidering 

Canvases prepared for portraits 
and pictures in oil, and also 
stumps for drawing 

Cap-boxes, for hunters 

Capers 

Capes. (See cambric, etc.).... 

Capes. (Seejerkins or doublets, 
etc.) 

Caps, fulminating. (See swords, 
sabers, etc.) 

Caps, linen. (See cambric, ba- 
tiste, etc.) 

Caps, woolen. (See understock- 
ings, stockings, etc.) 

Capstans. (See instruments or 
tools, etc.) 

Capsules. (See swords, sabers, 
etc.) 



Duty per 
pound 
in U.S. 

currency. 



Dollars. 



174 



■ 1305 
.0145 



•1305 

,029 
,029 

.1305 

.058 

.058 

.058 

.087 



.058 

.1305 
. 029 

1.088 



•1305 
•3625 
1.088 
.2175 
•0145 
.3625 



ARTIGULO DE MERCANCfA. 



Derechos 
por libra 
en mone- 
da hondu- 
rena. 



Holan batista.clarin, punto, cen- 
ro, lino, tarlatan, muselina y 
cualesquiera otras telas finas 
de lino, preparadas en gorgue- 
ras, ruches, gorras, faldellines, 
manquillos, pelerinas, cami- 
sitas,camisonesu otras piezas 
u adornos no incluidos en las 
clases anteriores 

Cambray del obispo 

Camaras claras fi oscuras, para 
dibujo 6 fotografia, y demas 
aparatos semejantes 

Alpiste 

Candeleros n o especificados. 
(Vease aranas, bombas, etc., 
efectos de plata alemana, 
etc.) 

Velas de esperma, de parafina, 
de composicion 6 estearicas . 

Juncos 6 junquillos, sin manu- 
facturar 

Bastones 

Conservas alementicias en latas. 
(Vease salchichones, etc.). . . . 

Lona y loneta de algodon 

Canamazo crudo, br amante y 
otras telas ordinarias seme- 
jantes 

Canamazo de algodon para bor- 
dar 

Telas preparadas para retratos 
y pinturas al oleo, y tambien 
el esfumino para dibujos .... 

Pistoneras 

Alcaparras 

Pelerinas. (Vease holan ba- 
tista, clarin, etc.) 

Birretes. (Vease almillas, etc.) 

Fulminantes 6 pistones. (Ve- 
ase espadas, sables, etc.) . . . . 

Gorras de lino. (V6ase holdn 
batista, clarin, etc.) 

Gorras de lana. (Vease calce- 
tas, medias, etc.) 

Cabrestantes. (Vease herra- 
mientas e instrumentos, etc.). 

Capsules. (Vease espadas, sa- 
bles, etc.) 



1.50 
.24 



.18 

. 02 



04 
.04 



.04 
.18 



.08 

.08 



.08 



08 



1.50 
.04 
. i3 



•50 
1.50 
.30 
. 02 
.50 



136 



HONDURAS. 



ARTICLE OF MERCHANDISE. 



Caraway seed. (See aniseed, 

etc.) 

Carbonate of lead 

Cardboard, fine, or thick paper, 
for offices, for cards, or for any 
other use. including imperme- 
able paper for presses 



Cardboard, manufactured or pre- 
pared for boxes, large or small, 
and in any other form except 
in toys for children, in masks, 
in boxes for watches or fine 
jewelry, and in some other arti- 
cles which, like the foregoing, 
are included in other classes. . . 



Card cases. (See portfolios, ci- 
gar cases, etc.) 

Cards, playing 

Cards, visiting 

Carpenters' braces. (See tools 
for arts, etc.) 

Carpets, of wool, separate or by 
the piece, and footcloths of all 
kinds 

Cartridges. (See swords, sabers, 
etc.) 

Cases containing small articles 
for embroidery, toilet, drawing, 
painting, and other purposes.. 



Cassimere. (See cloth, panete, 
etc.) 

Chains. (See iron, manufactured, 
etc.) 

Chalk for polishing and also for 
billiard cues 

Chalk, tailors' 

Chalk, white or red, crude or 
powdered 

Chalks for slates 

Chandeliers. (See articles of Ger- 
man silver, etc.) 



Duty per 
pound 
in U.S. 

currency. 



05S 
0145 



029 



,058 



2175 
087 

2175 
029 



2175 
3625 

174 

3625 
0145 
, 029 
0145 



0145 
0145 

3625 



ARTICULO DE MERCANCfA. 



Alcaraboa. (Vease anis en 
grano, etc.). . . 

Albaj'alde 6 carbonato de plo- 
mo 

Carton fino 6 papel grueso para 
escritorio, para tarjetasy para 
cualquier otro uso, inrluj'^- 
endo en esta clasificacion el 
papel impermeable para 
prensa 

Carton manufacturado 6 pre- 
parado para cajas y cajitas, y 
en cualquier otra forma, ex- 
cepto en juguetes para nifios, 
en mascaras, en cajitas prepa- 
radas para relojes de faltri- 
quera y prendas finas y en 
algunos otros articulos que 
como los anteriores estin 
comprendidos en otras 
clases 

Tarjeteros. (Vease carteras, 
tabaqueras, etc.) 

Naipes 6 barajas 

Tarjetas para visita 

Berbiquies. (Vease instrumen- 
tos para artes, etc.) 

Alfombras sueltas 6 en piezas, 
de lana, y gualdrapas de to- 
das clases 

Cartuchos. (Vease espadas, 
sables, etc.) 

Est u dies con piececitas de 
acero, cobre u otro metal, 
para bordar, para limpiar la 
dentadura, para las ufias, para 
dibujos 6 pinturas, etc 

Casimir. (Vease pafio, panete, 
etc.) 

Cadenas. (Vease hierro ma- 
nufacturado, etc.) 

Pasta 6 tizate para lustrar, y 
tambien el que sirve para las 
puntas de los tacos de billar 

Jabon de piedra, llamado de 
sastres 

Creta blanca 6 roja en piedra 6 
polvo 

Tizas de pizarra 

Arairas. (Vease efectos de plata 
alemana, etc.) 



Derechos 
por libra 
en mone- 
da hondu- 
reiia. 



Pesos. 



HONDURAS. 



137 



ARTICLE OF MERCHANDISE. 



Chandeliers, globes, glass shades, 
candlesticks, lanterns, lamps, 
excepting those made of gold 
or silver, which belong to the 
nth class, and those of Ger- 
man silver, gilt or silver 
plated, which belong to the gth; 
all adjuncts or accessories to 
said articles to be appraised 
with the latter when imported 
with them 



Charcoal powder 

Chasubles, capes, corporals, al- 
tar-cloths (frontales), dalmd- 
ticas, stoles, maniples, altar 
linen, bands, and other orna- 
ments for priests and churches . . 



Cheeses of all sorts 

Chemicals not specified under 
otherclasses. (See drugs, medi- 
cines, etc.) 

Chemicals for preserving skins. . 

Chemises. (Seemuslins, fine, etc.). 

Chemisettes, linen. (See cam- 
bric, etc.) , 

Chess, checkers, dominoes, rou- 
lette, and other such games. . . , 

China ink 

China or porcelain ware, or imi- 
tation of it in any form 

Chintz, calico, cretonne, collars 
or ruching (carlancanes), '! bri- 
llantina," French plaids, "mal- 
vinasl" "lustrillos," and any 
other fabric of cotton colored 
similar to those indicated and 
mentioned in other classes 

Chisels. (See tools for arts, etc.). 

Chloride of lime , 

Chromate of lead , 

Chronometers 



Duty per 

pound 

in U. S. 

currency. 



029 



.0145 



.58 



,029 



.174 
.0145 

.2175 



1.088 
• 1305 
.0145 
. 029 



1305 
, 029 

0145 

,058 

,174 



ARTICULO DE MERCANCfA. 



Derechos 
por libra 
en mone- 
da hondu- 
rena. 



Aranas, bombas,briseras,cande- 
leros, candelabros, fanales, 
girandulas, lamparas, linter- 
nas, palmatoriaSjguardabrisas 
y quinques, con excepcion de 
los que tengan oro 6 plata, 
que corresponden a la 11* 
clase y los de plata alemana, 
dorados 6 plateados, que co- 
rresponden a la novena; debi- 
endo aforarse en las clases a 
que corrcspondan los articu- 
los expresados, todo lo que 
les corresponda 6 sea anexo 
d dichos articulos cuando ven- 
gan junto con ellos 

Carbon vegetal en polvo 

CasuUas, capas pluviales, bolsas 
de los corporales, manteles 6 
frontales, dalmaticas, estolas, 
manipulos, pafios paracubrir 
cilices, bandas y demas orna- 
mentos para uso de los sacer- 
dotes y las iglesias 

Quesos de todas clases 

Productos quimicos no incluidos 
en las clases anteriores. (Ve- 
ase drogas, medicinas, etc.) . . , 

Venenos para preservar pieles. . . 

Camisetas. (Vease muselinas 
finas, etc.) , 

Camisitas delino. (Vease holdn 
batista, etc., preparada.) , 

Juegos de ajedrez, de damas, de 
domino, de ruleta u otros se- 
mejantes 

Tinta de China 

Loza de china 6 de porcelaha, 6 
sus imitaciones en cualquier 
forma 

Zarazas, calicones, cretonas, car- 
lancanes, brillantina, listado 
frances, malvinas, lustrillos; 
y cualquiera otra tela de al- 
godon de color, semejante a 
las indicadas y mencionadas 
en otras clases 

Escoplos. (Vease instrumentos 
para artes, etc.) 

Cloruro de cal 

Amarillo ingles 6 cromato de 
plomo 

Cronometros 



>3a 



HONDURAS. 



ARTICLE OF MERCHANDISE. 



Cigar-cases. (See portfolios, 
cigar-cases, etc.) 

Cigarette-cases. (See portfolios, 
cigar-cases, etc.) 

Cigarettes, of paper or corn- 
leaves 

Cinnamon. (See aniseed, etc.) . . 

Cla3% glazed or unglazed, in any 
shape 

Cloaks (ponchos). (See sleeves, 
sheepskin garments, etc.) 

Cloaks. (See understockings, 
etc.) 

Clocks, table or wall, alarm, and 
anyother, notincludingwatches 
or steeple clocks 

Cloth. (See handkerchiefs, shawls, 
etc.) 

Cloth or knit-goods for slippers, 
excepting those of silk 

Cloth, "panete, ' cassimere, "ca- 
sinete," muslin, satin, lace, flan- 
nel, bombazine, alpaca, " cam- 
bron," merino, serge, "cubica" 
and damask, of wool or wool 
mixed with cotton, and any 
other fabric of wool, or of wool 
mixed with cotton, not men- 
tioned in other classes 

Clothing. (See skirts, fustians, 
etc.) 

Clothing, read3'-made. (See shirts, 
linen, etc.) 

Cloths or textiles of cotton, hemp, 
"esparto," or linen, for cover- 
ing the floor, though they may 
contain some wool 

Cloves. (See aniseed, etc.) 

Clyster pumps 

Coats. (See shirts, linen, etc.) . . 

Cocoa in the grain 

Cocoanut oil 

Cod-liver oil. (See train oil, etc.). 

Coffee 

Collars, paper. (See paper lan- 
terns, etc.) 

Collars, shirt-bosoms, and cuffs 
of linen or cotton for men 



Duty per 
pound 
in U.S. 

currency. 



Dollars. 

.2175 

•2175 

.58 
.058 

.0145 

.174 

■2175 

.174 

.58 
•2175 



3625 

174 

2175 



.058 
.058 
.1305 
.2175 

,0145 
■0145 
.0145 

0145 

.058 

2175 




Tabaqueras. (Vease carteras, 
tabaqueras, etc.) 

Cigarreras. (Vease carteras, ta- 
baqueras, etc.) 

Cigarrillos de papel u hoja de 
maiz 

Canela. (Vease anis en grano, 
etc.) : 

Barro vidriado 6 sin vidriar, en 
cualquier forma 

Ponchos. (Vease mangas, cha- 
marras, etc.) 

Abrigos. (Vease calcetas, ma- 
dias, etc.) 

Relojes de mesa 6 pared, des- 
pertadores y cualquiera otra 
clase de reloj, excepto los de 
faltriquera y los de torres 

Panos. (Vease panuelos, paiio- 
lones, etc.) 

Generos y tejidos para chinelas, 
excepto los de seda 

Pano, panete, casimir, casinete, 
muselina,raso, franela, alepin, 
alpaca, cambron, merino, 
sarga, cubica y damasco, de 
lana 6 mezclado con algodon, 
y cualquiera otra tela de lana 
6 mezclada con algodon, no 
mencionada en otras clases. . . 

Ropa. (V^ase enaguas, fustanes, 
etc.) 

Ropa hecha. (Vease camisas 
hechas, etc.) 

Telas 6 tejidos de algodon, caiia- 
mo, esparto 6 lino, para cubrir 
el suelo, aunque tengan alguna 
mezcla de lana 

Clavos. (Veaseanisengrano.etc.) 

Ciisobombas 

Casacas. (Vease camisas he- 
chas, etc.) 

Cacao en grano 

Aceite de coco 

Aceite de higado de bacaldo. 
(Vease aceite de pescado, etc.). 

Cafe en grano 

Cuellos de papel. (Vease faro- 
lillos de papel, etc.) 

Cuellos, pecheras y punos de 
lino 6 de algodon para hom- 
bres 



Derechos 
por libra 
en mone- 
da hondu- 
rena. 



Pesos. 
•30 
.30 
,80 
.08 
.02 
.24 
.30 



HONDURAS. 



139 



ARTICLE OF MERCHANDISE. 



Columns. (See iron, manufac- 
tured, etc.) 

Compasses. (See tools for arts, 
etc.) 

Compasses, magnetic, of all sorts. 

Cook-stoves, portable, of iron 
or other material 

Copal 

Copper, manufactured. (See 
steel, copper, etc.) 

Copper, old, in odd pieces 

Copper, unwrought. (See steel, 

bronze, etc.) 

Copes. (See chasubles, etc.) . . . . 

Coral in any form, except when 
set in gold or silver. 

Cordage 

Cords, linen. (See laces, stripes, 
etc.) 

Cords, woolen. (See under- 
stockings, stockings, etc.) 

Corduroy, cotton plush, velvet- 
een, by the piece or in strips. . . 

Cork, in tablets or stoppers, or 

any other form 

Corkscrews 

Corporals. (See chasubles, etc.). 

Corsets of all kinds 

Cosmoramas. (See stereoscopes, 

etc.) 

Cotton. (See curtains, hangings, 

etc., laces, strips, etc.) 

Cotton. (See muslin, batiste, 
etc., handkerchiefs of linen, 
etc., handkerchiefs, shawls, 
etc.) 

Cotton. (See neckties of cotton, 
etc.) 

Cotton. (See shirts, linen, etc.) . 

Cotton. (See textiles or fabrics, 
ordinary, etc.) 

Cotton clothing. (See skirts, fus- 
tian, etc.) 

Cotton fabrics, not specified 



Duty per 

pound 

in U. S. 

currency. 



Dollars. 

.0145 

.029 
.174 

.0145 
.087 

. 029 
.0145 



0145 

.58 



,3625 

,0145 

.58 

.2175 

,174 

.058 
.058 
.58 

.3625 

.1305 

.58 



58 

58 
2175 



.087 

.174 
.087 




Derechos 
por libra 
en mone- 
da hondu- 
rena. 



Columnas. (Vease hierro manu- 

facturado, etc.) , 

Compases. (Vease instrumentos 

para artes, etc.) 

Br{ijulas de todas clases 

Cocinas portatiles de hierro u 

otra materia 

Resina de copal 

Cobre manufacturado. (Vease 

acero, cobre, etc.) 

Cobre viejo en piezas inutiliza- 

das 

Cobre en pasta. (Vease acero, 

bronce. etc.) 

Capas pluviales. (Vease casu- 

llas, etc.) 

Coral en cualquier forma, ex- 

cepto cuando venga montado 

en oro 6 plata 

Corderia 6 mecate , 

Cordones de lino. (Vease en- 

cajes, tiras, etc.) 

Cordones, de lana. (Vease cal- 

cetas, medias, etc.) 

Pana, panilla, y felpa de algo- 

don, imitacion de terciopelo, 

. en piezas 6 en cintas 

Corcho en tablas, en tapones 6 

cualquier otra forma 

Tirabuzones 

Bolsas deloscorporales. (Vease 

casullas, etc.) 

Corses de todas clases 

Cosmoramas. (Vease estereo- 

scopios, etc.) , 

Algodon. (Vease cortinas, col- 

gaduras, etc., encajes, tiras, 

etc.) 

Algodon. (Vease muselina, ba- 

tista, etc., pafiuelos de lino, 

etc., pafiuelos, pafiolones, 

etc.) 

Algodon. (Vease corbatas de 

algodon, etc.) 

Algodon. (Vease camisas he- 

chas, etc 

Algodon. (Vease telas or teji- 

dos ordinaries, etc.) 

Ropahechade algodon. (Vease 

enaguas, fustanes, etc.) 

Telas de algodon, no especifica- 

das 



140 



HONDURAS. 



ARTICLE OF MERCHANDISE. 



Cotton fabrics, white, such as 
madapolams, " estrivillos," 
family goods, "bogotanas," 
jeans, croydon, imperial, 
glazed, lining (" holandilla"), 
Rouen, Irish, and other similar 
fabrics 

Cotton linings. (See lutestring, 
etc.) 

Cotton, raw 

Cotton stuffs. (See drills, jeans, 
etc.) 

Counterpanes. (See huckaback, 
etc.) 

Coverlets. (See huckaback, etc.) 

Covers or stoppers with crowns 
of metal, glass, crj'stal, or 
porcelain 

Crackers of all sorts 

Crayons and charcoal pencils for 
drawing 

Creas. (See drills, linens, creas, 
etc.) 

Crockery, ordinary 

Cruet stands, excepting those 
which are wholly or partly of 
gold or silver, which belong to 
the eleventh class, and those of 
German silver, gilded or silver- 
plated, which belong to the 
ninth class 

Cruppers 

Cubebs. (See aniseed, etc.). . . . , 

Cuffs, linen or cotton. (See col- 
lars, shirt-bosoms, etc.) 

Cuffs, paper. (See paper lanterns, 
efc.) 

Cumin. (See aniseed, etc.) 

Cupping glasses 

Curtains, etc. , wool 

Curtains, hangings, and musquito 

net, of linen or cotton 

Curtains, etc. , silk 

Cushions, not including those 
made of silk. (See billiard 
cushions.) 

Daggers. (See swords, sabres, 
etc.) 



Duty per 

pound 

in U.S. 

currency. 



.087 

•1305 
.0145 

.087 

.087 
.087 



.087 
.0145 

.0145 

•1305 
.0145 



.087 

•3625 

.058 



.2175 

.058 
.058 

•1305 
•3625 

.58 



.058 
•3625 



ARTICULO DE MERCANCIA. 



Derechos 
por libra 
en mone- 
da hondu- 
rena. 



Tejidos blancos dealgodon, co- 
mo madopollanes, estrivillos, 
genero de familia, bogotanas, 
coquillo, croydon, imperial, 
holandilla, ruan, irlanda, y 
otros semejantes 



Forros dealgodon. (Vease san- 

dalos, lustrinas, etc.) 

Algodon en rama 

Tejidos de algodon. (Vease 

driles, coqui, etc.) 

Sobrecamas. (Vease a 1 e m a - 

nisco, etc.) 

Cobertores. (Vease alemanis- 

co, etc.) 

Tapas con coronillas de metal, 

vidrio, cristal 6 porcelana. . . 



Galletas de todas clases. 
Cre3'ones y carboncites 

dibujar. 

Creas. (Vease driles, creas, etc.) 



para 



Loza ordinaria 

Aceiteras, angarillas 6 agua- 
deras y porta-vinagreras, ex- 
cepto las que sean 6 tengan 
algo de oro 6 plata, que cor- 
responden a la 11* clase, y 
las de plata alemana, doradas 
6 plateadas, que corresponden 
a la 9" clase 

Gruperas 

Cubeba. (V6ase anis en grano, 
etc.) 

Punos de lino 6 de algodon. 
(Vease cuellos, pecheras, etc.). 

Punos de papel. (Vease faroli- 
llos de papel, etc.) 

Comino. (Vease anis en grano, 
etc.) 

Ventosas 

Cortinas, etc., de lana, etc .... 

Cortinas, colgaduras y mosqui- 
teras de lino 6 de algodon . . . 

Cortinas, colgaduras, etc., de 
ceda, etc 

Cojines, excepto los de seda. 
(Vease bandas de billar.) 



Pufiales. (Vease espadas, sa- 
bles, etc.) 



HONDURAS. 



141 



ARTICLE OF MERCHANDISE. 



Dalmaticas. (See chasubles, etc.). 
Damask. (See cloth, panete, etc.). 
(See hucka- 



Damask, cotton 

back, etc.). . . . 
Dates, dried. (See prunes, 

dates, etc.) 

Dioramas. (See stereoscopes, 

etc.) 

Dish-covers, wire 



Door-mats 

Doors, iron. (See iron, manufac- 
tured, etc.) , 

Doors, iron 

Drawers, cotton stockinet. (See 
jerkins or doublets, etc.). ...... 



Drawers, others. (See shirts, 
linen, etc.) 

Dress patterns of cotton prints. 
(See sleeves, sheepskin, etc.). . . 

Dressing and traveling cases . . . . 

Drills, jeans, napped stuffs (bor- 
16n), sheeting, satin, satinet, 
"mantadril," ticking, "manta- 
lona," and other similar cotton 
textures 

Drills, linens (creas), pure or 
mixed, tablecloths, napkins, 
and hand-towels, of linen or 
mixed with cotton 

Drugs, medicines, and chemical 
products not specified under 
other classes 

Dusters 

Dye. (See hair-dye.) 



Dynamite for blasting 



Earthenware. (See clay, glazed, 
etc.) 

Earthenware, glazed or unglazed. 

Elastics for shoes 



Emery stone or powder. 
Engravings on paper. . . 
Envelopes for letters. . . 



Duty per 

pound 

in U.S. 

currency. 



Dollars. 
.58 

•3625 



.087 

.058 

•1305 
.087 

.0145 

.0145 
.0145 

•1305 

•2175 

.174 
.174 



,087 



1305 



.174 
.087 
,0145 

.0145 



,0145 
.0145 

,087 

,0145 

.174 

,0145 



ARTfCULO DE MERCANCIA. 



Dalmaticas. (Vease casullas, 
etc.) 

Damasco. (Vease pano, panete, 
etc.) 

Damasco de algodon. (Vease 
alemanisco, etc.) 

Ddtiles pasados. (Vease cirue- 
las pasas, etc.) 

Dioramas. (Vease estereosco- 
pios, etc.) 

Tapaderas de alambre para las 
viandas , 

Felpudos 6 limpiapies 

Puertas de hierro. (Vease hierro 
manufacturado, etc.) 

Puertas de hierro 

Calzoncillos de puntode media 
de algodon. (Vease almillas, 
etc.) 

Calzoncillos, otros. (Vease ca- 
misas hechas, etc.) 

Cortes de coton. (Vease man- 
gas, chamarras, etc.) . . , 

Indispensables y neceseres de 
viaje 

Driles, coqui, borlon 6 grano de 
oro, coti, brin crudo, raso, 
rasete, mantadril, c o t i n e s , 
mantalona y cualquier otro 
tejido de algodon semejante.. 

Driles, creas puras 6 mezcla- 
das, manteles, servilletas y to- 
allas de mano, de lino 6 mez- 
clado con algodon 

Drogas, medicinas y productos 
quimicos, no incluidos en las 
clases anteriores 

Plumeros para limpiar 

Tinta. (Vease tinta de teiiir el 
pelo.) 

Dinamita para esplotacion de 
minas y canteras 

Lozadebarro. (V6ase barro yi- 

driado, etc.) 

Loza de barro vidriado 6 sin 

vidriar 

Cinta de goma 6 elastica para 

el calzado 

Esmeril en piedra 6 polvo 

Laminas 6 estampas en papel. . . 
Sobres para cartas 



Derechos 
por libra 
en mone- 
da hondu- 
rena. 



Pesos. 



142 



HONDURAS. 



ARTICLE OF MERCHANDISE. 



Epaulets. (See tinderstockings, 

stockings, etc.) 

Epsom salts 

Essences and extracts of all sorts 

Extracts. (See essences and ex- 
tracts, etc.) 

Eyeglass cases. (See portfolios, 
etc.) 

Eyeglasses, spectacles, binocles, 
sp)''glasses, lenses, telescopes, 
and microscopes, excepting 
those framed in gold or silver, 
including the crystals or lenses 
when separately imported 

E)'elets. (See pins, etc.) 

Eyes, artificial 

Fabrics of materials other than 
silk, if containing some admix- 
ture of silk. (See silk, pure 
or mixed, etc.) 

Fans, ivory 

Fans of all kinds, excepting 
those of ivory, which belong to 
the nth class 

Feathers for ornamenting hats, 
caps, etc 

Fencing foils, masks, breast-pro- 
tectors, and gloves 

Figs, dried. (See prunes, etc.) . 

Figures, ornaments, and boxes 
for candies, of any sort 

Filberts, shelled or unshelled.. 

Files. (See tools for arts, etc.). . 

Filters 

Filters, water 

Firearms. (See swords, sabres, 

etc.) 

Fire-crackers 

Fire-works 

Fish-glue 

Fish, pickled, salted, or smoked 

Flannel. (See cloth, paiiete, etc.) 

Flat-irons. (See iron, manufac- 
tured, etc.) 



Duty per 

pound 

in U.S. 

currency. 



•2175 
.0145 
.174 



.174 

• 2175 



3625 



.087 



3625 



1305 
058 



058 
. 029 
,029 

.1305 
.0145 

.3625 
.087 
.1305 
■ 1305 
,0145 

.3625 



0145 



ARTICULO DE MERCANCIA. 



Charreteras. (Vease calcetas, 
medias, etc.) 

Sal d'Epson 

Esencias y extractos de todas 
clases 

Extractos. (Vease esencias y 
extractos.) 

Cajitas para anteojos. (Vease 
carteras, etc.) 

Anteojos, espejuelos, gemeloso 
binoculos, catalejos, lentes, 
telescopiosymicroscopios,ex- 
cepto los que tengan guarni- 
cion de oro 6 plata, quedando 
incluidos en esta clase los cris- 
tales 6 lentes cuando vengan 
por separado 

Ojetes. (Vease alfileres, etc.) . 

Ojos artificiales 

Telas 6 teiidos de materias que 
esten mezcladas con seda. 
(Vease seda pura 6 mezclada, 
etc.) 

Abanicos de marfil 

Abanicos de todas clases, ex- 
cepto los de marfil que corres- 
ponden a la ii'^ clase 

Plumas para adorno de som- 
breros, gorras, etc 

Floretas, mascaras, petos y 
guantes para esgrima 

Higos (pasados). (Vease cirue- 
las, etc.) 

Figuras, adornos y envases para 
dulces, decualquier clase que 
sean 

Avellanas, con cdscara 6 mon- 
dadas 

Limas. (Vease instrumentos 
para artes, etc.) 

Mangas 6 filtros 

Aparatos 6 filtradores de agua. , 

Armas de fuego. (Vease espa- 
das, sables, etc.) , 

Triquitraquis , 

Fuegos artificiales 

Cola de pescado 

Pescado salpreso, salado 6 
ahumado 

Franela. (Vease pafio, pafiete, 
etc.) 

Planchasparaaplanchar. (V6ase 
hierro manufacturado, etc.) . . , 



Derechos 
por libra 
en mone- 
da hondu- 
rena. 



HONDURAS. 



143 



ARTICLE OF MERCHANDISE. 



Flax, raw 

Flints 

Flower-pots, iron. (See iron, 
manufactured, etc.). 

Flowers, artificial. (See lute- 
string, sandalos, etc.) 

Flowers, artificial, and the mate- 
rials for making them 

Foot-cloths. (See carpets, of 
wool, etc.) 

Forges. (See instruments or 
tools, etc.) , 

Forks, not specified 

Forks, plated, etc. (See knives 
and forks, etc.) , 

Frames, for pictures, etc. (See 
battens, picture frames, etc.). . . 

French linen. (See linen fab- 
rics, medium fine, etc.) 

Frieze blouses. (See sleeves, 
sheep-skin garments, etc.) 

Fringes. (See ribbons, braid, 
etc.). 

Fringes. (See understockings, 
stockings, etc., laces, stripes, 
etc.) 

Frock-coats. (See shirts, linen, 
etc.) 

Fruits, artificial 

Fruits, including nuts, dried, 
with the shell or shelled 

Fruits, such as prunes, dates, figs, 
and raisins. (See prunes, etc.). , 

Frying-pans. (See iron, manufac- 
tured, etc.) , 

Funeral crowns and other such 
ornaments 

Furniture, iron. (See iron, man- 
ufactured, etc.) . . . . , 

Furniture of wood, of osier, of 
straw, or of cane , 

Fuses for blasting 

Fustians, cotton. (See skirts, fus- 
tians, wrappers, and gowns, etc. 

Fustians, linen. (See skirts, etc., 
linen, etc.) 

Galloons. (See wire, spangles, 
etc.) 

Garters of all kinds 

Gasoline 

Gelatin of all kinds 



Duty per 
pound 
in U.S. 

currency. 



Dollars. 
.0145 
.0145 

.0145 

•1305 

.58 
•2175 

.0145 
•1305 

•3625 

.029 
.174 
.174 
.174 

•2175 

.2175 

.58 

. 029 

.058 

.0145 

.3625 

.0145 

.0145 
.0145 

.174 
■3625 

.3625 
.3625 
.0145 
.029 I 



ARTICULO DE MERCANCfA. 



Lino en rama 

Piedras de chispes 

Floreros (de hierro). (Vease 

hierro manufacturado, etc.). . 
Flores artificiales. (Vease san- 
dalos, lustrinas, etc.) 

Flores artificiales y los materi- 

ales para las mismas 

Gualdrapas. (Vease alfombras 

sueltas, etc.) 

Fraguas. ' (Vease herramientas 

e instrumentos, etc.) 

Tenedores, no especificados . . . 
Tenedoresde plata alemana, etc. 

(Vease cuchillos y tenedores, 

etc.) 

Cenefas. (Vease listones, ca- 

nuelas, etc.) 

Royales. (Vease tejidos entre- 

finos de lino, etc.) 

Gerga. (Vease mangas, cha- 

marras, etc.) ■ 

Fluecos. (V6ase hiladillos 6 

cintas, etc.) 

Fluecos. (Vease calcetas, me- 

dias, etc., encajes, tiras, 

etc.) 

Levitas. (Vease camisas he- 

chas, etc.) 

Frutas artificiales 

Frutas secas con ciscarao mon- 

dadas 

Frutas. (Vease ciruelas, etc.). 

Sartenes. (Vease hierro manu- 
facturado, etc.) 

Coronas fdnebres fi atros ador- 
nos funerarios semejantes. . . 

Muebles de hierro. (Vease hi- 
erro manufacturado, etc.). . . . 

Muebles de madera, de mimbre, 
de paja 6 de junco 

Espoletas para esplotacion de 
minas y canteras 

Fustanes. (Vease enaguas, etc., 
de algodon) 

Fustanes. (V6ase enaguas, etc., 
de lino) 

Galones. (Vease alambrillos, 
lantejuelas, etc.) 

Ligas de todas clases 

Gasolina 

Jelatina de todas clases 



Derechos 
por libra 
en mone- 
da hondu- 
rena. 



Pesos. 
. 02^ 
. 02 



144 



HONDURAS. 



ARTICLE OF MERCHANDISE. 



Duty per 

pound 

in U. S. 

currency. 



German silver. (See articles of 
German silver, etc.) 

German silver in any form not 
specifically mentioned 

Girths 

Glass or crystal manufactured in 
in any shape, not specified in 
other classes 

Glass or goblet stands 

Glass shades. (See chandeliers, 
globes, etc.) 

Glass sheets without mercur}^ . . . 

Glauber salts 

Globes. (See chandeliers, 
globes, etc.) 

Gloves. (See jerkins and doub- 
lets, etc.) 

Gloves. (See laces, stripes, etc.). 

Gloves. (See understoc kings, 

stockings, etc.) 

Gloves, kid 

Gloves of skins, for driving , 

Glue, common , 

Gold, articles of , 

Gold, imitation. (See wire, span- 
gles, etc.) , 

Gold lace imitation. (See wire, 
spangles, etc.) 

Gold leaf. (See wire, spangles, 
etc., gold or silver leaf, etc.) . . . 

Gold or silver leaf, real or imita- 
tion, in little books, for gild- 
ing or plating , 

Gold thread, imitation 

Gouger. (See tools for arts, etc.), 

Gowns. (See cambric, etc.) 

Gowns. (See skirts, fu st ian s, 
wrappers, pillowcases, etc.). . . , 

Gowns, cotton. (See skirts, fus- 
tians, wrappers, and gowns, etc.) 

Gratings. (See iron, manufac- 
tured, etc.) 

Gridirons. (See iron, manufac- 
tured, etc.) 



Dollars. 

•3625 

•3625 
.3625 

.0145 
.087 

. 029 
.0145 

.0145 

. 029 

•1305 

.58 



.2175 

I.08S 

.58 

.087 

1.088 

•3625 
.3625 



.3625 

.3625 
.3625 
. 029 

1.088 

•3625 
.174 
-0145 
. 0145 



ARTICULO DE MERCANCIA. 



Plata alemana. (Vease efectos 
de plata alemana, etc.) 

Plata alemana en cualquiera for- 
ma no especificada 

Cinchas 

Vidrios 6 cristalosmanufactura- 
dos en cualquier forma, no 
comprendidos en otras elases 

Portavasos 

Briseras. (V6ase arafias, bom- 
bas, etc.) 

Vidrios 6 cristales pianos sin 
azogar 

Sal de Glauber 

Bombas. (Vease arafias, bom- 
bas, etc.) 

Guantes. (Vease almillas, etc.) 

Guantes. (Vease encajes, tiras, 
etc.) 

Guantes. (V6ase calcetas, me- 
dias, etc.) 

Guantes de cabritilla 

Manoplas de piel para camino . 

Cola ordinaria 

Los articulos de oro, etc 

Oro falso. (V6ase alambrillo, 
etc.) 

Galones 6 pasamaneria de oro 
falso. (Vease alambrillo, 
etc.) 

Hojilla de oro. (V6ase alam- 
brillo, etc., libritos con hojil- 
las, etc.) 

Libritos con hojillas de oro 6 
plata, finos 6 falsos, para dorar 
6 platear 

Hilo de oro falso 

Formones. (Vease instrumen- 
tos para artes, etc.) 

Camisones. (V6ase holan ba- 
tista, clarin, etc) 

Tiinicos. (Vease enaguas, fus- 
tanes, fustansones, etc.) 

Tunicos de algodon. (Vease 
enaguas, fustanes, batas, etc.) 

Rejas. (Vease hierro manufac- 
turado, etc.) 

Parrillas. (V6ase hierro manu- 
facturado, etc.) 



Dereclios 
por libra 
en mone- 
da liondu- 
reiia. 



HONDURAS. 



145 



ARTICLE OF MERCHANDISE. 



Gum arabic 

Gum elastic. (See bone, ivory, 

etc.) , 

Gums or resins not included in 

other classes 

Gutta percha, worked or un- 

worked 

Gypsum, in pieces or powdered. , 

Hair. (See horse-hair.) 

Hair-dye 

Hair, human, or its imitations, 

manufactured or not 

Hairpins. (See pins, etc.) 



Hairsprings. (See hands, etc.) . . 

Hammers. (See instruments or 
tools, etc.) , 

Hammers. (See tools for arts, 
etc.) < 

Hammocks. (See huck abac k, 
etc.) 

Hams 

Handkerchiefs, cotton. (See 
skirts, fustians, etc.) 

Handkerchiefs of linen or of 
linen mixed with cotton 

Handkerchiefs, shawls, scarfs, 
cloth, carpets, shirts, and jer- 
kins or underwaist coats, of 
wool or wool mixed with cot- 
ton, plain or embroidered with 
any material 

Hands, keys, regulators, springs, 
and other parts of the works of 
clocks or watches, not of gold 
or silver 



Duty per 
pound 
in U. S. 

currency. 



Hatboxes of sole leather 

Hatchets. (See instruments or 
tools, etc.) 

Hats and caps of all sorts o f 
plush, of straw or felt, for men, 
women, or children, and of any 
material not specified, except- 
ing those with high crowns, 
which belong to the loth class, 
and those of rushes, which be- 
long to the iith class 



Dollars. 
.087 

.174 
.087 

.087 
.0145 

.0145 

1.088 
.087 

•2175 

.0145 

. 029 

.087 
. 029 

.174 

.58 



.58 

.2175 

.087 

.0145 



ARTfCULO DE MERCANCIA. 



Derechos 
por libra 
en mone- 
da hondu- 



174 



Goma ardbiga 

Goma elastica. (Vease hueso, 

marfil, etc.) 

Toda clase degoma 6 resina, no 

comprendida en otras clases . . . 
Guta-percha, labrada6 sinlabrar. 

Yeso en piedra y en polvo 

Pelo. (Vease cerda fi crin.) . . . . 

Tinta de tenir el pelo 

Cabello 6 pelohumano y sus imi- 
taciones, manufacturado 6 no. 

Horquillas. (Vease alfileres, 
etc.) 

Muellecitos de relojes. (Vease 
minuteros, etc.) 

Mandarrias. (Vease herramien- 
tas k. instrumentos, etc.) 

Martillos. (Vease instrumen- 
tos, para artes, etc.) 

Hamacas. (Vease alemanisco, 
damasco, etc.) 

Jamones 

Pafiuelos de algodon. (Vease 
enaguas, fustanes, batas, etc.) . 

Pafiuelos de lino 6 mezclado 
con algodon 

Pafiuelos, pafiolones, chales, pa- 
fios, carpetas, camisas, y al- 
millas 6 guarda-camisas de 
lana 6 mezclado con algod6n, 
lisos 6 bordados en cualquier 
materia 

Minuteros 6 manecillos, Haves, 
muelecitos, resortes y otras 
piezas para el interior de los 
relojes, que no sean de oro 6 
plata 

Cajas de suela para sombreros. . 

Hachuelas. (Vease herramien- 
tas e instrumentos, etc.) 

Sombreros y gorras de todas 
clases de felpa, sombreros de 
pajaydefieltro, parahombres, 
mujeres y nifios, y de cual- 
quiera otra materia no especi- 
ficada, con excepci6n de los 
concopa alta, que pertenecen 
d laio" clasa, y los dejunco, 
que corresponden a la 11*. . . . 



Bull. 57- 



-10 



146 



HONDURAS. 



ARTICLE OF MERCHANDISE. 



Hats of black silk stuff, with high 
crowns, known as black silk 
hats, and all other hats of the 
same shape, whatever their ma- 
terial or color 

Hats of rush or Panama hats ... 

Head stalls 

Hemp. (See textiles or fabrics, 

ordinary, etc.) 

Hemp or oakum, in the fiber or 

twisted, for calking 

Hinges. (See articles of German 

silver, etc.) 

Holsters 

Hones for sharpening razors. . . . 

Honey 

Hooks. (See pins, etc.) 

Hops 

Horn. (See bone, ivory, etc.). . . 

Horse-hair 

Horse-hair fabrics for covering 
furniture 

Huckaback, damask, piqu6, cov- 
erlets, blankets, carpets by the 
piece or rugs, towels, bed- 
spreads, counterpanes, ham- 
mocks, napkins, tablecloths, 
and any other damasked or 
quilted cotton cloth , 

Hydrochloric or muriatic acid. . . , 

Hydrometers 

Illuminating oils 

Images or effigies not made of gold 

or silver 

Implements, domestic. (See iron, 

manufactured, etc.) 

Incense 

India-ink , 

Ink of all sorts, except printing 

ink , 

Ink powders for writing 

Inkstands , 

Ink, writing 

Insertings. (See ribbons, braid, 

etc) 



Duty per 

pound 

in U.S. 

currency. 



■58 

t.o88 

• 3&25 

.087 
.0145 

.3625 
■ 3625 
.087 

.0145 

.087 

.0145 

• 174 

.058 
.087 



.087 

.058 

.174 
.0145 

.087 

.0145 

.058 
.0145 

.0145 
.0145 
.0145 
.0145 

.174 



ARTfCULO DE MERCANCfA. 



Sombreros de felpa de seda ne- 
gra, copa alta, llamados som- 
breros de pelo negro, ylos de- 
mas sombreros de esta misma 
forma, de cualquier materia y 
color que sean 

Sombreros de junco 6 jipijapa . . 

Cabezadas 

Canamo. (Veasetelas6 tejidos 
ordinarios, etc.) 

Cdnamo 6 estopa enramao tor- 
cida para calafatear 6 estopar. . 

Charnelas. (V6ase efectos de 
plata alemana, etc.) 

Cafioneras 6 pistoleras 

Piedras finas para amolar nava- 
jas 

Miel de abejas 

Anzuelos. (Vease alfileres, etc.) 

Lupulo 6 flor de cerveza 

Asta 6 cuerno. (Vease hueso, 
marfil, etc.) 

Cerda 6 crin 

Telas de cerda para forrar 
muebles 

Alemanisco, damasco, pique, 
cobertores, frazadas, alfom- 
bras sueltas 6 en piezas, pafios 
de mano, colchas,sobrecamas, 
hamacas, servilletas, toallas 
de mano, manteles y cualquier 
otro tejido adamascado 6 acol- 
chado de algodon 

Acido hidrocl6rico 6 muriatico. . 

Hidrometros 

Aceites para alumbrar 

Imagines 6 efigies, que no sean- 
de oro 6 de plata 

Utensilios para el servicio domes- 
tico. (V6ase hierro manufac- 
turado, etc.) 

Incienso 

Tinta de China 

Cualquiera clase de tinta, ex- 
cepto la de imprenta 

Polvos de tinta para escribir. . . . 

Tinteros 

Tinta para escribir 

Tirasbordadasycaladas. (V6ase 
hiladillos 6 cintas, etc.) 



Derechoa 
por libra 
en mone- 
da hondu- 
refla. 



Pesos. 



HONDURAS. 



147 



ARTICLE OF MERCHANDISE. 



Duty per 
pound 
in U.S. 

currency. 



ARTfCULO DE MERCANCIA. 



Derechos- 
por libra 
en mone- 
da hondu- 
reiia. 



Instruments of surger)', and also 

anatomical and mathematical 

ones, and scientific instruments 

• generally, not incl u d e d in 

other classes 

Instruments or tools for agricul- 
ture or other uses, with or with- 
out handles, such as spades, 
adzes, pruning hoolis (chicu- 
ras, chicurones), levers, weed 
hooks, axes, hatchets, mache- 
tes, mallets, hammers, shov- 
els, picks (tasies), capstans, 
forges, bellows of all sorts, 
jacks for lifting weights, grind- 
stones, large screws for black- 
smiths' anvils, and all similar 
tools or instruments 



Instruments, such as barometers, 
hydrometers, chronometers, 
etc 

Iron, manufactured: in wire, ex- 
cept for fences; in chains and 
anchors for ships; in boxes for 
keeping money; in mortars; in 
furniture; in presses for copying 
letters and stamping paper; in 
nails, tacks, bits, rivets, tarpau- 
linnails; balconies, doors, balu- 
sters, gratings, and columns; 
statues, urns, flower-vases, 
busts, and any other such orna- 
ment for house or garden; 
weights for weighing; flatirons 
for ironing; posts for railings; 
stoves, "budares," kettles, 
gridirons, pots, frying pans, 
and all other domestic imple- 
ments, whether tinned or not 
and with or without a lining of 
porcelain , 



Iron manufactures. (See steel, 
copper, etc.) 

Iron, round or square, in sheets, 
plates, or other form of the raw 
material, and old iron in odd 
pieces 



,087 



,0145 



174 



.0145 



,029 



0145 



Instrumentos de cirugia, y tam- 
bien los de anatomia, mate- 
maticas y otras ciencias, no 
incluidos en otras clases , 



Herramientas 6 instrumentos 
para agricultura ii otros usos, 
con cabos 6 sin ellos, como 
azadas, azuelas, calabozos, 
chicuras, chicurones, barras, 
escardillas, hachas, hachue- 
las, machetes, mazos, manda- 
rrias, palas, picos, tasies, ca- 
brestantes, fraguas, fuelles de 
todas clases, gatos para levan- 
tar pesos, mollejonestornillos 
grandes para herreros, bigor- 
nias, yunques, y toda otra 
herramienta 6 instrumento 
semejante d los indicados . . . , 

Instrumentos semejantes 4 los 
bar6metros, hidr6metros, etc. . 

Hierromanufacturado: en alam- 
bres excepto los de cercos; 
en cadenas y anclas para 
buques; en cajas para guar- 
dar dinero; en morteros 6 
almireces; en' muebles; en 
prensas para copiar cartas y 
timbrar papel ; en clavos, 
tachuelas, brocas, remaches y 
estoperoles; en balcones de 
hierro, puertas, balaustres, 
rejas y columnas; en estatuas, 
jarrones, floreros, bustos y 
cualquier otro adorno seme- 
jante para casas y jardines; 
en pesas para pesar; en plan- 
chas para aplanchar; en postes 
para empalizadas, y en anafes, 
budares, calderos, parrillas, 
ollas, sartenes y toda otra pieza 
para el servicio domestic©, 
esten 6 no estanadas, y ten- 
gan 6 no bano de loza 

Manufacturas de hierro. (V6ase 
acero, cobre, etc.) 

Hierro redondo 6 cuadrado, en 
platinas, en planchas 6 limi- 
nas y en cualquiera otra forma 
bruta y el hierro viejo en pie- 
zas inutilizadas 



148 



HONDURAS. 



ARTICLE OF MERCHANDISE. 



Iron wire, excepting for fences . . 

Ivory. (See bone, ivory, etc.) . . . 

Ivory. (See fans, ivory.) 

Jackets. (See shirts, linen, etc.). 

Jacks for lifting weights. (See 
instruments or tools, etc.) 



Duty per 

pound 

in U.S. 

currency. 



Jeans. (See drills, jeans, etc.). . . 

Jerkins or doublets, scarfs, caps, 
understockings, drawers, trou- 
sers, stockings, bonnets, gloves, 
and all fabrics of cotton stock- 
inet 

Jet, crude 

Jet, manufactured. (See bone, 
ivory, etc.) 

Jewels 

Kerosene oil 

Kettles, iron. (See iron, manu- 
factured, etc.) 

Keys, watch. (See hands, etc.). 

Knives and forks, excepting those 
with handles covered with gold 
or silver leaf, which belong to 
the nth class, and those of 
german silver, or silver plated, 
or gilt, which belong to the 
loth class 

Knives and forks with handles of 
german silver or white metal, 
gilded or silver plated 

Knives, hunting. (See swords, 
etc.) 

Knives, sharp pointed, with or 
without sheath 

Knives with handles of wood or 
other common material, for 
fishermen, shoemakers, belt- 
makers, and, generally, all such 
as aTe used in the arts or trades 

Labels, printed or lithographed . 

Lace. (See cambric, etc.) 

Lace. (See cloth, paiiete, etc.). . 



Dollars. 
•0145 

.174 



.2175 
.0145 



087 



.1305 
.087 

.174 
1.088 
.0145 



.0145 
•2175 



ARTICULO DE MERCANCIA. 



.1305 

.3625 
•3625 
•1305 

.058 

• 2175 
[.088 
.3625 



Hierro manufacturado en alam- 
bres, excepto los de cercos . . . 

Marfil. (Vease hueso, marfil, 
etc.) 

Marfil. (Vease abanicos de mar- 

fil-) 

Chaquetas. (Vease camisas 
hechas, etc.) 

Gatos paralevantar pesos. (Vease 
herramientas e instrumentos, 
etc.) 

Coqui. (V6ase driles, coqui, 
etc.) 

Almillas 6 guarda-camisas, ban- 
das, birretes, calcetas, calzon- 
cillos, pantalones, medias, 
gorras, guantes y todo tejido 
de punto de media de algodon . 

Azabache en bruto 

Azabache, manufacturado. 
(Vease hueso, marfil, etc.). . . . 

Joyas, alhajas 

Aceite de kerosene 

Calderos de hierro. (Vease 
hierro, manufacturado, etc.) . . 

Llaves de reloj. (Vease minu- 
teros, etc.) 

Cuchillos y tenedores, excepto 
los que tengan manga de ho- 
jilla de oro 6 plata, que cor- 
responden i la 11* clase, y los 
de plata alemana, plateados 
6 dorados, que corresponden 
a la 10* clase 

Cuchillos y tenedores con man- 
go de plata alemana 6 metal 
bianco, plateados 6 dorados . 

Cuchillos demonte. (Vease es- 
padas, etc.) 

Cuchillos de punto, con vaina 6 
sin ella 

Cuchillos con mango demadera 
fi otra materia ordinaria, para 
Pescadores, zapateros, talabar- 
teros, jardineros, tabaqueros 
y en general los que se em- 
plean en las artes u oficios . . 

Etiquetas y rotulos impresos 6 
litografiados 

Punto. (Vease holdn batista, 
clarin, etc.) 

Punto. (Vease paiio, pafiete, 
etc.) 



Derechos 
por libra 
en mone- 
da hondu- 
reria. 



Pesos. 

.02 

.24 

1.50 

•30 



HONDURAS. 



■ 149 



ARTICLE OF MERCHANDISE. 



Lace or tulle, of cotton or pita, 

plain or embroidered 

Laces. (See ribbons, braids, etc.) 

Laces. (See understockings , 
stockings, etc.) 

Laces, strings, and twisted cords 
of all kinds 

Laces, stripes, blondes, applique 
work, ribbons, sashes, purses, 
shoulder straps, tassels, cords, 
fringes, socks, belts, braids, 
gloves, and trimmings, of linen 
or of linen mixed with cotton. 

Lampblack 

Lamp-chimney cleaners ........ 

Lamps. (See articles of German 

silver, etc.) 

Lamps. (See chandeliers, globes, 

etc.) 

Lancets 

Lanterns. (See chandeliers, 

globes, etc., paper lanterns, etc., 

stereoscopes, etc.) 

Lard 

Lavender , 

Lawn, long. (See linen fabrics, 

medium fine, etc.) 

Lead. (See steel, copper, etc., 

steel bronze, etc.) 

Lead, carbonate 

Leather tips for billiard cues. ... 

Lemonades 

Lenses. (See eyeglasses, etc.). . 
Levels. (See tools for arts, etc.) 

Levers. (See instruments or tools, 
etc.) 

Linen. (See drills, linens, etc.). 

Linen. (See shirts, linen, etc.) . , 

Linen. (See textile's of fabrics, 
ordinary, etc.) 

Linen. (See curtains, hangings, 
etc., laces, stripes, etc.) 

I.,inen. (See cambric, etc.) 



Duty per 
pound 
in IJ. S. 

currency. 



Dollars. 



•2175 
.174 



2175 
3625 



•58 

.0145 
.087 

.3625 

.029 

•1305 
.029 
.058 
•1305 

.029 
.029 

.174 
. 029 
.0145 
.0145 
.058 

.0145 
•3625 
. 029 



.0145 
•1305 



2175 



.087 

.58 
1.088 



ARTfCULO DE MERCANCfA. 



Punto 6 tul de algod6n 6 pita, 
liso 6 bordado , 

Encajes. (Vd;ase hiladillos 6 
cintas, etc.) 

Encajes. (V6ase calcetas, ma- 
dias, etc.) 

Cuerdas y entorchados de todas 
clases 

Encajes, tiras, blondas, embuti- 
dos, cintas, bandas, bolsaspara 
dinero, charreteras. borlas, 
cordones, fluecos, escarpines, 
fajas, trenzas, guantesy pasa- 
maneria de lino 6 mezclado 
con algodon 

Negro humo 

Limpiadores para tubos 

Limparas. (Vease efectos de 
plata alemana, etc.) 

Ldmparas. (Vease aranas, bom- 
bas, etc.) 

Lancetas 

Fanales, lanternas 6 farolillos. 
(V6ase aranas, bombas, etc., 
farolillos de papel, etc., este- 
reoscopios, etc.) 

Manteca 

Alhucema 6 espliego 

Estopillas. (Vease tejidos en- 
trefinos de lino, etc.) 

Plomo. (Vease acero, cobre, 
etc., acero, bronce, etc.) 

Alba3'alde 6 carbonatode plomo 

Puntas de suela para los tacos 
de billar 

Limonadas 

Lentes. (Vease anteojos, etc.). 

Niveles. (Vease instrumentos 
para artes, etc.). 

Barras. (Vease herramientas 6 
instrumentos, etc.) 

Lino. (Vease driles, creas puras, 
etc.) 

Lino. (V6ase camisas hechas, 
etc.) 

Lino. (Vease telas 6 tejidos 
ordinaries, etc.) 

Lino. (Vease cortinas, colgadu- 
ras, etc., encajes, tiras, etc.) . . 

Lino. (Vease holan batista, cla- 
rin, etc.) 



Derechos 
por libra 
en mone- 
da hondu- 
rena. 



Pesos. 
•30 
.24 
•30 
•50 



:5o 



HONDURAS. 



ARTICLE OF MERCHANDISE. 



Linen fabrics, medium fine, such 
as nankeen, French linen, Irish 
linen, long lawn, "bretanas," 
and other similar goods 

Linen fabrics not specified in 
other classes 

Linseed, in the grain or ground. . 

Linseed oil 

Lint for wounds 

Liquor-flask stands, of any ma- 
terial other than German silver, 
the latter belonging to the nth 
class 

Liquor-flask stands of German 
silver 

Liquors, various kinds, such as 
cognac, absinthe, rum, gin, "ros- 
solls," "mistea," champagne, 
chartreuse, and others not spec- 
ified, and bitters of all sorts. . . . 

Litharge 

Lithographic stone 

Locks, gun. (See swords, etc.). . 

Looking glasses. (See mirrors, 
etc.) 

Lutestring, "sdndalos,"aiid other 
such cotton fabrics used for 
linings and flowers 

Macaroni 

Machetes. (See instruments or 
tools, etc.) 

Machines and apparatus not spe- 
cified in the first class 

Machines for aerated waters 

Magic lanterns. (See stereo- 
scopes, etc.) 

Magnets 

Maizena(fine corn meal, prepared). 

Mallets. (See instruments or 
tools, etc.) 

Manganese, mineral 

Maniples. (See chasubles, etc.). 
Marjoram. (See aniseed, etc.). . . 

Marking ink 

Masks or false faces, of all sorts. 

Match boxes. (See portfolios, 
etc.) 



Duty per 
pound 
in U. S. 

currency. 



Dollars. 



.174 

• 3625 
.0145 
. 0145 
■ 1305 



.087 
.58 

.058 

.058 
.0145 
• 3625 

.058 



.1305 
. 029 

,0145 

,0145 
,087 

.1305 
.1305 
.0145 



0145 
,058 
.58 

058 

0145 
.058 



2175 



ARTfCULO DE MERCANCfA. 



Tejidos entrefinosde lino, como 
coletillas, royales, irlandas, 
estopillas, bretanas y otros 
semejantes 

Tegjidos de lino no especificados 
en otras clases 

Linaza en grano 6 molida ...... 

Aceite de linaza 

Hilos para heridas. . .' 

Licoreras de cualquiera materia, 
con excepcion de las de plata 
alemana, que pertenecen d la 
10* clase 

Licoreras de plata alemana . . . . 

Aguardiente fuerte 6 dulce,como 
cofiac, agenjo, ron, ginebra, 
rosolio, mistela, champagne, 
chartreuse y otros no especifi- 
cados, y amargos de todas 
clases 

Litargirio 

Piedras de litografiar 

Llaves de las armas de fuego. 
(Vease espadas, etc.) 

Espejos. (V6ase espejos de to- 
das clases.) 

Sandalos, lustrinas y demas 
telas semejantes de algodon 
que se usan para forros y flores 

Macarrones 

Machetes. (V6ase herramientas 
6 instrumentos.) 

Maquinasyaparatos no especifi- 
cados en la primera clase 

Miquinas para aguas gaseosas. . 

Linternas magicas. (Vease este- 
reoscopios, etc.) 

Im4n 

Maicena, 6 sea harina fina de 
maiz preparada 

Mazos. (V6ase herramientas 6 
instrumentos.) 

Manganesio mineral 

Manipulos. (Vease casullas, etc.), 

Oregano. (Vease anis en grano, 
etc.) 

Tinta de marcar 

Miscaras 6 caretas de todas cla- 
ses 

Fosforeras. (Vease carteras, etc.), 



Derechos 
por libra 
en mone- 
da hondu- 
refia. 



Pesos. 



HONDURAS. 



151 



ARTICLE OF MERCHANDISE. 



Match rope for blasting 

Match sticks 

Matches of wood, wax, or tinder. 

Mathematical instruments. (See 
instruments of surgery, etc.). . . 

Mats for the table. . ; 

Matting, floor 

Mattresses 

Measures, of leather, tape, or pa- 
per, with or without cases 

Meat, salt, pickled, or smoked, 
when not canned 

Medicines. (See drugs, medi- 
cines, etc.) 

Mercury 

Merino. (See cloth,.pafiete, etc.), 

Metallic articles, gilded or silver- 
plated 

Microscopes. (See eyeglasses, 
etc.) 

Millet 

Mills for coffee, corn, etc 

Millstones. (See instruments or 
tools, etc.) 

Mineral waters 

Minium. (See red lead) 

Mirrors of all sorts, framed or 
not 

Molasses 

Moldings. (See battens, picture 
frames, etc.) 

Mortars. (See iron, manufac- 
tured, etc.) 

Mosquito net. (See curtains, 
hangings, etc.) 

Mother-of-pearl. (See bone, 
ivor}^, etc.) 

Mufflers, cotton 

INIusic books 

Musical instruments and their 
parts, of all kinds, excepting 
pianos and organs 

Muskets. (See swords, etc.) . . . . 
Muslin. (See cloth, panete, etc.), 



Duty per 
pound 
in U. S. 

currency. 



Dollars. 
.0145 

.0145 
.058 



087 

0145 
0145 

,029 

.029 

,0145 

,174 

0145 
3625 

174 

3625 
0145 
0145 

,0145 
,0145 
.058 

.058 
.0145 

.029 

.0145 

.58 

.174 

.087 
.058 

,087 

.3625 
.3625 



ARTfCULO DE MERCANCfA. 



Derecho.s 
por libra 
en mone- 
da hondu- 
rena. 



Mechas para esplotaci6n de 

minas y canteras 

Palitos parahacer fosforos 

Fosforos de palillo, de cerilla 6 

de yesca 

Instrumentos de matem^ticas. 

(V6ase instrumentos de ciru- 

gia, etc.) 

Esterilla para mesas 

Estera, esterilla y petate para 

pisos 

Colchones y gergones 

Medidas de cuero, cintaopapel, 

sueltds 6 en estuches 

Carne salada, salpresa 6 ahu- 

mada, cuando no viene en latas . 
Medicinas. (Veasedrogas,medi- 

cinas, etc.) 

Azogue 6 mercurio vivo 

Merino. (Vease pafio, pailete, 

etc.) 

Efectos de metal, dorados 6 pla- 

teados 

Microscopios. (Vease anteojos, 

etc.) 

Mijo 

Molinos para cafe, maiz, etc. . . . 
Piedras de molino. (Vease her- 

ramientas e instrumentos, etc.). 

Aguas minerales 

Minio. (Veaseazarcon ominio). . 
Espejos de todas clases y laslu- 

nas azogadas 

Miel de azucar 

Molduras. (Vease listones, ca- 

fiuelas, etc.) 

Morteros. (Vease hierro manu- 

facturado, etc.) 

Mosquiteros. (Vease cortinas, 

colgaduras, etc.) 

Nacar. (Vease hueso, marfil, 

etc.) 

Rebozos de algodon 

Colecciones de mdsica 

Instrumentos de m^isica 6 cual- 

quiera de sus partes 6 acceso- 

rias, exceptuandose los pianos 

y organos 

Escopetas. (Vease espadas, etc.). 
Muselina. (Vease pafio, pa- 
nete, etc.) 



152 



HONDURAS. 



ARTICLE OF MERCHANDISE. 



Muslin. (See cambric, etc.) 



Muslin, and any other fine fabric 
of linen mixed with cotton, un- 
bleached or in colors, by the 
piece or cut for dresses 



Muslin, book 

Muslins, fine, dotted or embroid- 
ered with wool or cotton, b)'the 
piece or cut, chemises, yokes, 
and other such articles, em- 
broidered, large cotton shawls 
of all sorts 

Muslins, smooth, embroidered, 
white, or printed 

Mustard 

Muzzles. (See articles of Ger- 
man silver, etc.) 

Nails, iron. (See iron, manufac- 
tured, etc.) 

Nankeen. (See linen fabrics, 
medium fine.) , 

Napkins. (See drills, linens, 
etc.) 

Napkins. (See huckaback, etc.) 

Napped cotton stuff. (See drills, 
jeans, etc.) 

Neck-cloths. (See cambric, ba- 
tiste, etc.) 

Neckties of cotton, horse-hair, 
or wool 

Needles. (See pins, etc.) 

Nets. (See ornaments for the 
head, etc.) 

Netting of iron wire, not included 
in other classes 



Nippleglasses 

Nipples, gun. (See swords, etc.),. 

Nipples tor nursing bottles 

Nursing bottles 

Nitrate of potash 

Nitric acid or aquafortis 

Nutmeg 

Nuts, Avith the shell or shelled. . 
Oakum. (See hemp or oakum, 

etc.) 

Oars, when not imported with the 

boats or launches 



Duty per 
pound in 

U.S. 
currency. 



Dollars. 
1.088 



.58 
.174 



•2175 

.174 
. 029 

.3625 

.0145 

.174 

• 1305 
.087 

.087 

1.088 

.58 
.087 



.058 

.1305 
•3625 

•1305 

•1305 

.0145 

.058 

•1305 

. 029 

.0145 

.0145 



ARTICULO DE MERCANCIA. 



Derechos 
por libra 
en mone- 
da hondu- 
rena. 



Muselina. (Vease holan ba- 
tista, clarin, etc.) 

Muselina, batista y cualquiera 
otra tela finadelino mezclado 
con algodon, cruda6 decolor, 
en piezas 6 en cortes de ves- 
tido 

Linoes 

Muselinas finas de mota 6 bor- 
dadas con lana 6 algodon, en 
piezas 6 en cortes, camisetas, 
golas y demas piezas bordadas 
semejantes; pafiolones de al- 
godon de todas clases 

Gasas lisas, labradas, blancas 6 
estampadas 

Mostaza en grano 6 molida. . . . 

Bozales. (Vease efectosdeplata 
alemana, etc.) 

Clavosde hierro. (V6asehierro 
manufacturado, etc.) 

Coletillas. (Vease tejidos en- 
trefinos, etc.) 

Servilletas. (Vease driles, creas, 
etc.) 

Servilletas. (Vease alemanisco, 
damasco, etc.) 

Borlon. (Vease driles, coqui, 
etc.) 

Gorgueras. (Vease holan ba- 
tista, clarin, etc.) 

Corbatas de algodon, cerda 6 
lana 

Agujas. (Vease alfileres, etc.). 

Redecillas. (V6ase adcrnos de 
cabeza, etc.) 

Telas 6 tejidos de alambre de 
hierro, no comprendidos en 
otras clases 

Pezoneras 

Chimeneas. (Vease espadas,etc.) 

Picos de teteros 

Teteros 

Potasa, nitrato 6 sal de nitro. . . 

Acido nitrico 6 agua fuerte. . . . 

Nuez moscada 

Nueces, con ciscara 6 mondadas 

Estopa. (Vease cAfiamo 6 esto- 
pa, etc.) 

Remos para embarcaciones, cu- 
ando no vengan con los botes 
6 lanchas 



HONDURAS. 



153 



ARTICLE OF MERCHANDISE. 



k 



Octants 

Oil, almond 

Oilcloth, in any shape 

Oil, cocoa 

Oil, drying, for painters 

Oil, kerosene 

Oil, linseed 

Oil, palm or drying, for painters 

Oil, spurge 

Oil, train or codliver 

Oils and soaps, perfumed 

Oils, illuminating 

Oils not included in other classes 

Oil, sweet (olive) 

Oleic acid 

Olives 

Orange-flower water 

Organs. (See pianos and organs, 
etc.) 

Ornaments. (See figures, orna- 
ments, etc.) 

Ornaments, cotton. (See rib- 
bons, braid, etc.) 

Ornaments, ecclesiastical. (See 
chasubles, etc.) 

Ornaments, head, of all kinds , . 

Ornaments, iron, for house or 
garden. (See iron, manufac- 
tured, etc.) 

Osier, unmanufactured 

Paints, common, prepared with 
oil 

Paints not included in other 
classes 

Paletots. (See shirts, linen, etc.) 

Palm, unmanufactured 

Panoramas. (See stereoscopes, 
etc.) 

Paper lanterns: paper collars, 
bosoms, and cuflFs, including 
those lined with cloth 



Duty per 
pound in 

U.S. 
currency , 



Dollars. 
.174 
.0145 
.058 

.0145 
.0145 
.0145 
.0145 
.0145 

.0145 
.0145 

.087 

.0145 

.087 

.0145 
. 029 
. 029 
.0145 

. 029 

.058 

.174 

.58 

1.088 



,0145 
. 029 

■ 0145 

. 029 
■2175 

. 029 
.1305 

,058 



ARTICULO DE MERCANCfA. 



Octantes 

Aceite de almendras 

Enceradosohules, en cualquiera 

forma 

Aceite de coco 

Aceite secante para pintores. . . . 

Aceite de kerosene 

Aceite de linaza 

Aceite de palma 6 aceite secante 

para pintores 

Aceite de tartago 

Aceite de pescado 6 de higado 

de bacalao 

Aceites y jabones perfumados.. 

Aceites para alumbrar 

Aceites no comprendidos en las 

clases anteriores 

Aceite de comer 

Acido oleico 

Aceitunas 

Aguas de azahares 

Organos. (Vease pianos y or- 

ganos, etc.) 

Adornos. (V6ase figuras, ador- 

nos, etc.) 

Adornos de algodon. (V6ase 

hiladillos 6 cintas, etc.) 

Ornamentos para uso de las 

iglesias. (Vease casuUas, 

etc.) 

Adornos de cabeza y redecillas 

de todas clases 

Adornos para casas y jardines. 

(Vease hierro manufacturado, 

etc.) 

Mimbre sin manufacturar 

Pinturas ordinarias preparadas 

en aceite 

Colores 6 pinturas no inclui- 

dos en otras clases 

Paltos. (Vease camisas hechas, 

etc.) . . 

Palma sin manufacturar . 

Panoramas. (Vease estereosco- 

pios, etc.) 

Farolillos de papel, cuellos, 

pecheras y pufios de papel, 

inclusos los forrados en g6- 

nero 



Derechos 
por libra 
en mone- 
da hondu- 
leiia. 



M4 



HONDURAS. 



ARTICLE OF MERCHANDISE. 



Duty per 
pound in 

U.S. 
currency. 



Paper manufactures not included 
in other classes. (See paper 
lanterns, etc.) 

Paper of every sort, not included 
in other classes 

Paper, gilded or silver-plated, 
stamped wiih figures in relief, 
and tinted or col ored for flowers 

Paper-cutter 

Paper, wall 

Paraffin, crude 

Parasol frames. (See wire man- 
ufactured into frames, etc.) . . . 

Parasols, cotton or linen. (See 
umbrellas, large or small, etc.). 

Parasols, silk. (See umbrellas, 
parasols, etc.) 

Parasols of wool 

Parchment and its imitations, in 
any form, not included in other 
classes 

Pasteboard, in sheets 

Paste for sharpening razors 

Pastes, such as vermicelli, maca- 
roni, etc 

Peanuts, with the shell or shelled. 

Pearls and imitation precious 
stones, unmounted or mounted 
in any metal other than gold or 
silver 

Pencil-cases 

Pencils of all kinds 

Pencils, slate 

Penknives 

Pens . . . . c 

Pepper. (See aniseed, etc.) 



Percales , 

Perfumery of all sorts 

Perfumes for the toilette. 

Petroleum, crude , 

Pewter. (See steel, copper, etc.), 

Phosphorus , 

Photographs , 

Pianos and organs, or any of their 
parts, when they come separate- 
ly, including the piano stools. . 



Dollars. 

.058 
. 029 

.174 
.0145 
.087 
. 029 

.087 

.174 

.087 
.1305 



.058 

.0145 

,087 

,029 
,029 



.174 
.0145 
.0145 
.0145 

.1305 
,014=; 

.058 

,174 

,087 

.058- 

,0145 

.029 

.174 

.1305 



,029 



ARTfCULO DE MERCANCfA. 



Papel manufacturado no espe- 
cificado en otras clases. 
(V6ase farolillos de papel, etc.). 

Papel de cualquier clase, no 
especificado 

Papel dorado 6 plateado, el es- 
tampado a manera de relieve, 
y el pintado para fiores 

Cuchillas para papel 

Papel pintado para tapiceria. . . . 

Parafina en pasta 

Armaduras para quitasoles. 
(Vease alambre manufactu- 
rado, etc.) 

Sombrillas, de lino 6 algod6n. 
(Vease paraguas, paragiiitos, 
etc.) 

Sombrillas. (V6ase paraguas, 
sombrillas, etc.) 

Sombrillas de lana 

Pergaminos y sus imitaciones 
en cualquier forma, no com- 
prendidos en otras clases 

Carton en pasta 

Pasta para afilar navajas 

Pastas semej antes Alas de fideos, 
macarrones y tallarines 

Manis, con ciscara 6 mondados. 

Perlas ypiedras falsas, sin mon- 
tar 6 montadas en cualquier 
metal que no sea oro 6 plata. . 

Lapiceros 

Lapices de todas clases 

Lapices de pizarra 

Cortaplumas I 

Plumas 

Pimienta. (Vease anis en grano, 
etc.) 

Percales 

Perfumeria de todas clases 

Aguas de olor para el tocador. . . 

Petr61eo bruto 

Peltre. (V6ase acero, cobre, etc.). 

Fosforo en pasta 

Fotografias 

Pianos y organos 6 cualquiera 
de sus partes, cuando vengan 
por separado, quedando in- 
cluidos aqui tambien los ta- 
buretes 



Derechos 
por libra 
en mone- 

da Iiondu- 
rena. 



HONDURAS. 



155 



ARTICLE OF MERCHANDISE. 



I 



Pickles, in vinegar or in brine. . 

Picks. (See instruments or tools, 
etc.) 

Pictures and portraits upon cloth, 
wood, paper, stone, or other 
material 

Pillowcases. (See skirts, fus- 
tians, wrappers, etc.) 

Pillows, not including those 
made of silk 

Pincers. (See tools, etc.) 

Pins, needles, eyelets, brooches, 
hooks, thimbles, hairpins, and 
buckles for shoes, for hats, and 
for vests and trousers, except- 
ing those made of silver or gold 

Pipes, mouthpieces, and cigar 
holders, of amber, porcelain, or 
any other material, excepting 
those made of gold or silver 
and those mentioned in the 4th 
class 

Pipes and mouthpieces, of clay 
or ordinary earthenware, with- 
out any other material 

Pique. (See huckaback, etc.). . . 

Pistols. (See swords, sabers, 
daggers, etc.) 

Piston glands 

Pistons 

Pitch, black 

Pitch, white or light 

Planes, jack. (See tools for art, 
etc.) 

Plaster of Paris 

Plaster of Paris, manufactured 
into any articles except toys 
for children 

Plumes for funeral coaches or 
hearses, when imported sepa- 
rately 

Plush, cotton. (See corduroy, 
cotton plush, etc.) . , 

Plushes. (See understockings, 
stockings, etc.) 

Pocket-books. (See portfolios, 
etc.) 

Poisons. (See chemicals for pre- 
serving skins.) ; . 



Duty per 
pound in 

U.S. 
currency. 



Dollars. 
.029 



.0145 

.058 

.174 

.029 
.029 



.087 



174 



,058 
,087 



.3625 
•1305 
.1305 
,0145 
.0145 

,029 
.0145 



. 029 

1.088 
.174 
.2175 
.2175 
.0145 



ARTfCULO DE MERCANCfA. 



Derechos 
por libra 
en mone- 
da hondu- 
refia. 



Encurtidos, en vinagre 6 en 
salmuera 

Picos. (Vease herramientas 6 
instrumentos, etc.) , 

Pinturas y retratos sobre lienzo, 
madera, papel, piedra ii otra 
materia 

Fundas de almohadas. (Vease 
enaguas, fustanes, etc.) 

Almohadas, excepto las de seda 

Alicates. (Vease instrumentos 
para artes, etc.) 

Alfileres, agujas, ojetes, broches, 
anzuelas, dedales, horquillas 
yhebillas para el calzado, para 
los sombreros y para los chale- 
cos y pantalones, excepto las 
de oro 6 plata 

Cachimbas, boquillas y pipas 
para fumar, de ambar, de por- 
celana 6 de cualquiera otra 
materia, excepto las de oro 6 
plata y las denominadas en la 
4" clase 

Cachimbas, boquillas y pipas 
de barro 6 de loza ordinaria 
sin ninguna otra materia. . . . 

Pique. (Vease alemanisco, da- 
masco, etc.) 

Pistolas. (Vease espadas, sa- 
bles, etc.) 

Collares 

Embolos 

Brea negra 

Pez blanca 

Garlopas. (Vease instrumentos 
para artes, etc.) 

Yeso mate 

Yeso manufacturado en cual- 
quier forma, excepto en ju- 
guetes para nifios 

Plumeros para coches funebres, 
cuando vengan separada- 
mente 

Felpa de algodon. (Vease pana, 
panilla, etc.) 

Felpas. (Vease calcetas, me- 
dias, etc,) 

Portamonedas. (V6ase carte - 
ras, etc.) 

Venenos. . (Vease venenos para 
preservar las pieles) 



.56 



HONDURAS. 



ARTICLE OF MERCHANDISE. 



Polishes of all sorts, excepting 
shoeblacking 

Polishing stone 

Portfolios, etc 

Portfolios, snuff boxes, pocket- 
books, cigarette-cases, eyeglass- 
cases, match-boxes, card-cases, 
albums, and other similar arti- 
cles, excepting those made of 
or containing gold or silver. . . . 

Portraits. (See pictures, por- 
traits, etc.) 

Posts, iron, for railings. (See 
iron, manufactured, etc.) 



Potash, common or calcined. 
(See nitrate of potash.) 



Pots. (See iron, manufactured, 

etc.) 

Powder-flasks 

Presses, letter. (See iron, manu- 
factured, etc.) 

Presses, stamping, for paper. 
(See iron, manufactured, etc.). . 

Prunes, dates, and figs, dried, 
raisins, and other similar 
fruits 

Pruning hooks. (See instru- 
ments or tools) 

Purses. (See laces, stripes, etc.). 

Racks for clothes or hats. (See 
wire manufactured into frames, 
etc.) 

Raisins. (See prunes, etc.) 

Rattan, unmanufactured 

Ratteen. (See baize and ratteen, 
etc.) 

Raven's duck. (See canvas, etc.). 



Duty per 
pound in 

U.S. 
currency. 



Razor-Strops 

Razors .... 

Red lead 

Reed-mace, unmanufactured 

Reins , 

Resin, pine 

Resins not included in other 
classes 



Dollars. 

.0145 

•0145 
.0145 



2175 

,058 
,0145 

,0145 

.0145 
.1305 

.0145 
.0145 



,058 

0145 

.58 



.087 
.058 
, 029 

.2175 
,058 

,087 

■1305 

.058 

.029 

.3625 

.0145 

.087 



ARTICULO DE MERCANCIA. 



Derechoa 

por libra 

en mone- 

da hondu- 

rena. 



Betunes de todas clases, ex- 
cepto el de calzado 

Piedra de pulir 

Bultos y portafolios 

Carteras, tabaqueras, portamo- 
nedas, cigarreras, cajitas para 
anteojos, fosforeras, tarjeteros, 
albums y cualquiera otro ar- 
ticulo "semejante, excepto los 
que sean 6 tenganalgo de oro 
6 plata 

Retratos. (Vease pinturas, etc.) 

Postes de hierro para empali- 
zadas. (Vease hierro manu- 
facturado, etc.) 

Potasa comun 6 calcinada. 
(Vease potaso, nitrado 6 sal 
de nitro.) 

OUas. (Vease hierro manufac- 
turado, etc.) 

Polvoreras 

Prensas para copiar. (Vease 
hierro manufacturado, etc.). . 

Prensas para timbrar papel. 
(V6ase hierro manufacturado, 
etc.) 

Ciruelas pasas, datiles e higos 
pasados, pasas y demas 
frutas semejantes 

Calabozos. (Vease herramien- 
tas 6 instrumentos, etc.) 

Bolsas para dinero. (Vease 
encajes, tiras, etc.) 

Armadores 6 perchas paravesti- 
dos 6 sombreros. (Vease 
alambre manufacturado, etc.) 

Pasas. (Vease ciruelas, etc.).. 

Bejucos sin manufacturar 

Ratina. (Vease bayeta, etc.). . . 

Loneta. (Vease lona y loneta, 
etc.) 

Asentadores de navajas 

Navajas 

Azarcon 6 minio 

Enea sin manufacturar 

Riendas 

Resina de pino 

Toda clase de resina no com- 
prendida en otras clases 



HONDURAS. 



157 



ARTICLE OF MERCHANDISE. 



Retorts 

Revolvers. (See swords, etc.) . . . 

Ribbons. (See laces, stripes, 
etc.) , 

Ribbons. (See understockings, 
stockings, etc.) 

Ribbons, braid, laces, fringe, 
belts, insertings of cotton, or 
any other such article or orna- 
ment not included in other 
classes 



Ribbons ' ' de reata " 

Rice, ground 

Rigging 

Rivets. (See iron, manufactured, 

etc.) 

Rosin 

Rubber. (See bone, ivory, etc.). 



Rubber, for erasing 

Ruching. (See cambric, batiste, 
etc.) 

Sabers. (See swords, etc.) 

Sacks. (See shirts, linen, etc.) . 



Sacks, traveling, of all sorts. 
Sadd.e-frames 



Saddles, riding 

Saffron 

Sago 

Sails, of canvas, raven's duck, or 
"cotonia" 

Saltpeter 

Salts, Epsom 

Salts, Glauber 

Sand for drying writings 

Sardines, pressed, in oil, or in 
any other form 

Sashes, linen. (See laces, stripes, 
etc.) 

Sashes, woolen. (See under- 
stockings, stockings, etc.) .... 

Satin. (See cloth, panete, etc.) . 

Satin. (See drills, jeans, etc.).. 
Satinet. (See drills, jeans, etc.) 
Sauces of all sorts 



Duty per 
pound in 

U. S. 
currency. 



Dollars. 
.1305 
.3625 

.58 

•2175 



.174 

.087 

■0145 
.0145 

.0145 
.0145 
.174 

.0145 



.3625 
.2175 

. 029 

, 029 

.3625 
■2175 
.0145 

. 029 
. 029 
.0145 
.0145 
■0145 

. 029 

.58 

.2175 
.3(525 

.087 

.087 

. 029 



ARTfcULO DE MERCANCfA. 



Derechos 
por libra 
en mone- 
da hondu-- 
rena. 



Retortas 

Revolvers. (Vease espadas, etc.) 

Cintas. (Vease encajes, tiras, 
etc.) 

Cintas. (Vease calcetas, me- 
dias, etc.) 

Hiladillos 6 cintas, trencillas, 
encajes, flecos, fajas, tiras 
bordadas y caladas, de algo- 
don, y cualquiera otro articulo 
6 adorno semejante, no com- 
prendido en otras clases 

Cintas de reata 

Arroz molido 

Jarciar 

Remaches. (Vease hierro manu- 
facturado, etc.) 

Brea rubia 

Caucho. (Vease hueso, marfil, 
etc.) 

Goma para borrar 

Ruches. (V6ase holdn batista, 
clarin, etc.) 

Sables. (Vease espadas, etc.). . 

Sacos. (Vease camisas hechas, 
etc.) 

Bolsas para viaje, de todas 
clases 

Fustes 6 armazones para mon- 
turas 

Sillas de montar 

Azafran 

Sagti 

Velas de lona, loneta 6 cotonia 
para embarcaciones 

Salitre 

Sal d'Epson 

Sal de Glauber 

Arenilla 

Sardinas prensadas, en aceite 
6 en cualquiera otra forma. . . 

Bandas (delino). (Vease enca- 
jes, tiras, etc.) 

Bandas (de lana). (Vease cal- 
cetas, medias, etc.) 

Raso. (Vease pano, panete, 
etc.) 

Raso. (Vease driles, coqui, 
etc.) 

Rasete. (V6ase driles, coqui, 
etc.) 

Salsas de todas clases 



Pesos. 
.18 
.50 

.80 
•30 



.24 
. 12 
. 02 
. 02 



.24 
,02 



1.50 



•30 
.04 



,04 

■50 



.04 
.04 
. 02 
. 02 
. 02 

.04 

.80 

•30 

.50 

. 12 

. 12 
.04 



158 



HONDURAS. 



ARTICLE OF MERCHANDISE. 



Sausages and all sorts of food 
conserves in tins, not included 
in the foregoing classes 

Saws. (See tools for arts, etc.). . 

Scales. (See balances, steel- 
yards, etc.) 

Scarfs. (See handkerchiefs, 
shawls, etc.) '. .. . . 

Scarfs. (See jerkins or doublets, 
etc.) 

Scientific instruments. (See in- 
struments of surgery, etc.). . . . 

Scissors and "chambetas" 

Screens of metal, of paper, of 
cloth, etc 

Screws, large, for blacksmiths. 
(See instruments or tools.) .... 

Sealing wax 

Sealing wax, ordinary, in cakes. 

Seals and stamps for letters 

Serge. (See cloth, paiiete, etc.). 

Sextants 

Shaving cases 

Shawls. (See handkerchiefs, 
shawls, etc.) 

Sheepskin garments. (See sleeves, 
etc.) 

Sheepskin robes or rugs 

Sheetings. (See drills, jeans, 
etc.) 

Shells, loose or put together into 
articles or ornaments 

Shirt-bosoms. (See collars, etc.). 

Shirtings, cotton, unlaundered, 
plain, and of any kind and 
width 

Shirts. (See handkerchiefs, 
shawls, etc.) 

Shirts, linen, or of cotton with 
some linen, and trousers, 
waistcoats, jackets, drawers, 
coats, paletots, sacks, frock 
coats, and any other article of 
ready-made clothing for men, 
made of linen, wool, or cotton, 



Duty per 
pound in 

U.S. 
currency. 



Dollars. 

.058 
.029 

.0145 
.58 
. 1305 
.087 

.1305 

■1305 

.0145 

.0145 
. 029 
.0145 
.3625 

.174 
.174 

.58 

.174 
.3625 

.087 

.174 
•2175 

.087 
.58 



ARTICULO DE MERCANCfA. 



Salchichones, chorizos y toda 
clase deconservaralimenticiar 
en latas, no incluidas en las 
clases anteriores 

Sierras y serruchos. (Vease 
instrumentos para artes, etc.). , 

Balanzas. (Vease balanzas, ro- 
manas, etc.) 

Chalos. (Vease panuelos, etc.). 

Bandas. (Vease almillas, etc.). 

Instrumentos de ciencias. 
(Vease instrumentos de ciru- 
gia, etc.) 

Tigeras y chambetas 

Fantallasde metal, depapel, de 
tela, etc 

Tornillos grandes paraherreros. 
(Vease herramientas e instru- 
mentos, etc.) 

Lacre 

Lacre en panes 6 zulaque 

Sellos y timbres para cartas. . . . 

Sarga. (Vease pano, paiiete, 
etc.) 

Sextantes 

Cajas 6 neceseres para afeitar. . 

Pafiolones. (V6ase panuelos, 
etc.) 

Chamarros. (Vease mangas, 
etc.) 

Pellones 6 zalear , 

Erin crudo. (Vease driles, 
coqui, etc.) 

Caracoles y conchitas sueltas 6 
formando piezas 6 adornos. . 

Pecheras. (Vease cuellos, etc.). 

Mantas crudas, lisas y de toda 
clase y ancho 

Camisas. (Vease panuelos, etc.) . 

Camisas hechas de lino, 6 las 
de algodon que tengan algo 
de lino, y los pantalones, 
chalecos, chaquetas, calzon- 
cillos, casacas, paltos, sacos, 
levitas y cualquiera otrapieza 
de ropa hecha, para hombres, 



Derechos 
por libra 
en mone- 
da hondu- 
refia. 



HONDURAS. 



159 



ARTICLE OF MERCHANDISE. 



excepting cotton shirts, which 
belong to the 7th class 




Shirts made of cotton 

Shoeblacking 

Shoe laces 

Shoes and boots, etc., made up or 

in pieces 

Shot belts 

Shot, small. (See ammunition, 

etc.) 

Shoulder straps. (See laces, 

stripes, etc.) 

Shoulders (bacon) , 

Shovels. (See instruments or 

tools, etc.) 

Side arms. (See swords, etc.) . . . 

Sieves of copper wire, of , horse- 
hair, or of silk .' 

Sieves of iron wire 

Silk, pure or mixed with other 
material, manufactured into 
articles of any sort, and fabrics 
of other materials mixed with 
silk, excepting those articles 
which are specially included in 
other classes, such as umbrel- 
las, parasols, church ornaments, 
and others 



Dollars. 
•2175 



.174 
.058 
.087 

•2175 
•1305 

. 029 

•58 
,029 

0145 
3625 



.087 
.0145 



1.088 



Silver, articles of | i. 088 

Silver, imitation. (See wire span- 
gles, etc.) 3625 

Silver lace, imitation. (See wire 
spangles, etc.) 3625 

Silver leaf. (See wire spangles, 
etc., gold or silver leaf, etc.).. .3625 

Silver thread, imitation , 

Skeins, white or colored 

Skins, tanned, not manufactured, 
such as patent-leather, calfskin, 
etc., excepting white and red 
sole leather, which belongs to 
the second class 

Skirts. (See cambric, etc.) 



.3625 
.174 



.087 
1.088 



iDerechos 
da hondu- 



de lino, lana 6 algodon, ex- 
cepto las camisas de algodon, 
que corresponden d la 7^ 
clase 

Camisas hechas de algodon 

Betun para el calzado 

Cintas de botin \\ 

Calzado hecho 6 en corte 



Municioneras 

Perdigones. (Veasemuniciones, 

etc.) 

Charreteras. (Vease encajes, 

tiras, etc.) 

Paletas 

Palas. (Vease herramientas 6 

instrumentos, etc.) 

Armasblancas. (Vease espadas, 

etc.) 

Cedazos de alambre de cobre, de 

cerda 6 de seda 

Cedazos de alambre de hierro. 
Seda pura 6 mezclada con otra 
materia, manufacturada en 
cualquieraforma, y lastelas 6 
tejidos de otras materias que 
esten mezcladas con seda, con 
excepcion de aquellos articu- 
los que especialmente estdn 
determinados en otras clases, 
como paraguas, sombrillas, 
ornamentos de iglesias y otros 

mas 

Los articulos de plata, etc 

Plata falsa. (V6ase alambrillos, 

etc.) 

Galones 6 pasamaneria de plata 

falsa. (V6asealambrillo, etc.). 

Hojilla de plata. (V6ase alam- 

brillo, etc., libritos con hoji- 

llas, etc.) , 

Hilo de plata, falso , 

Madejon bianco 6 de color. . . . , 

Pieles curtidas manufacturadas, 

como charoles, becerros, etc., 

excepto la suela blanca 6 colo- 

rada,. que corresponda a la 

2" clase 

Faldellines. (Vease holin ba- 
tista, clarin, etc.) 



Pesos . 



■30 
.24 
.08 
. 12 
•30 

18 

04 



.04 
,02 
50 



1.50 
1.50 



-50 
-50 



-50 
•50 
.24 



. 12 
1.50 



i6o 



HONDURAS. 



ARTICLE OF MERCHANDISE. 



Skirts, fustians, wrappers, and 
gowns, made up or in pieces, 
and any other article of cloth- 
ing, made of cotton, for ladies, 
and all kinds of cotton hand- 
kerchiefs 

"Skirts, fustians, wrappers, pillow- 
cases, and gowns, of linen or 
mixed with cotton, except those 
of cambric of linen or mixed 
with cotton, which belong to 
the eleventh class 

Slate books, chalks, and pencils . 

Slates, with or without frames. . . . 

Sleeves. (See cambric, batiste, 
etc.) 

Sleeves, sheep-skin garments, 
frieze blouses, dress patterns 
of cotton prints, and cloaks 
(" ponchos ") of wool 

Slippers. (See cloth or knit- 
goods, etc.) 

Soap, common 

Soaps, perfumed 

Soapstone or tailors' chalk 

Socks. (See laces, stripes, etc.) . 

Socks. (See understocki ngs , 

stockings, etc.) 

Soda 

Soda, carbonic, crystallized 

Solder 

Sole leather, white or red, not 
manufactured 

Spades. (See instruments or 
tools, etc.) 

Spangles. (See wire, spangles, 
etc.) 

Spatulas 

Spectacles. (See eyeglasses, etc.). 

Spermaceti 

Sponges 

Springs, watch. (See hands, etc.). 

Spurge oil 

Spurs. (See articles of German 

silver, etc.) 

Spyglasses. (See eyeglasses, 

etc.) 



Duty per 
pound in 

U.S. 
currency. 



.174 



3625 

0145 
,0145 



174 

2175 
0145 
,087 
0145 

.58 



.2175 

.058 

.058 

.058 

.0145 

.0145 

■3625 
.1305 
.3625 

. 029 

.3625 

•2175 

.0145 
.3625 
.3625 



ARTfCULO DE MERCANCIA. 



Enaguas, fustanes, batas ytuni- 
cos, hechos 6 en cortes, y cual- 
quiera otra pieza de ropa hecha 
de algodon para senoras, y 
toda clase de panuelos de al- 
godon 

Enaguas, fustanes, fustansones, 
batas, fundas de almohadas y 
tunicos de lino 6 mezclado con 
algodon, excepto los deholan 
batista 6 clarin de lino 6 mez- 
clado con algodon, que co- 
rresponden a la ii" clase 

Libros de pizarra, lapices y tizas. 

Pizarras con marcos 6 sin ellos. 

Manquillos. (Vease holdn ba- 
tista, clarin, etc.) 

Mangas, chamarras, gerga, cor- 
tes de coton y ponchos de 
lana 

Chinelas. (Vease generos y te- 

jidos para chinelas, etc.) 

Jabon comun 

Jabones perfumados 

Jabon de piedra llamado de sas- 

tres 

Escarpines. (Vease encajes, 

tiras, etc.) 

Escarpines. (Vease calcet a s , 

medias. etc.) 

Soda 6 sosa comun 6 calcinada. 
Soda 6 sosa carbonica cristali-- 

zada 

Preparaci6n para soldaduras. . . . 
Suela colorada 6 blanca, no 

manufacturada 

Azadas. (Vease herramientas e 

instrumentos, etc.) 

Lantejuelas. (Vease alambrillos, 

etc.) 

Espatulas 

Espejuelos. (Vease anteojos, 

etc.) 

Esperma de ballena 

Esponjas 

Resortes (de reloj). (Vease 

minuteros, etc.) 

Aceite de tdrtago 

Espuelas. (Vease efectos de 

plata alemana, etc.) 

Catalejos. (V6ase anteojos, etc.). 



Derechos 
por libra 
en mone- 
da hondu- 



HONDURAS, 



161 



ARTICLE OF MERCHANDISE. 



Staples or buckles covered with 
leather 

Starch 

Statues, iron. (See iron, manu- 
factured, etc.) 

Stays of all kinds 

Stearic acid 

Stearine, or tallow prepared for 
stearine candles 

Steel, bronze, copper, brass, tin, 
pure or alloyed ; lead and zinc 
unwrought ; in bars ; in ingots ; 
in filings; in plates, even 
though these be punctured or 
bored 

Steel, copper, iron, brass, tin, tin- 
plates, bell-metal, bronze, lead, 
pewter, and zinc, manufactured 
into forms not included in other 
classes, polished, japanned, 
tinned, bronzed, or not , 



Duty per 
pound in 

U.S. 
currency. 



ARTICULO DE MERCANCfA. 



Steelyards. (See balances, steel- 
yards, etc.) 

Steelyards of copper or of which 
copper is the chief material. . . 

Stereoscopes, cosmoramas, dio- 
ramas, panoramas, magic lan- 
terns, and other such apparatus 

Sticks for making matches 

Stirrups. (See articles of German 
silver, etc.) 

Stockinet fabrics. (See jerkins 
or doublets, etc.) 

Stockings, cotton 

Stockings, woolen 

Stockings, linen or of linen 
mixed with cotton 

Stockings, silk 

Stoles. (See chasubles, etc.) . . . 

Stones, precious 

Stones, such as flints, touch- 
stones, lithographic stones, and 
polishing stones, not included 
in other classes 

Stoves for cooking, portable, of 
'iron or other material , 

Stoves. (See iron, manufactured, 
etc.) 

Bull. 57 11 



.087 
.0145 

.0145 
• 3625 
.029 

.0145 



0145 



,029 



.0145 
.029 

• 1305 
.0145 
■ 3625 

• 1305 

• 1305 

• 2175 

• 2175 
1.088 

.58 
1.088 



.0145 



.0145 
.0145 



Argollas y hebillas forradas en 
cuero 6 suela. . . ., 

Almidon , 

Estatuas de hierro. (Vease hie- 
rro manufacturado, etc.) 

Cotillas de todas clases 

Acido estearico 

Sebo preparado para bujias, es- 
tearicas 6 estearina 

Acero, bronce, cobre, lat6n, es- 
tano puro 6 ligado, plomo y 
zinc en pasta 6 en bruto, en 
barras, en cabillas, en rasura 
6 en laminas, aunque estas 
filtimas esten taladradas 6 
agujereadas 

Acero, cobre, hierro, laton 6 azo- 
far, estano, hoja de lata, metal 
cimpanial, bronce, plomo, pe- 
tre y zinc manufacturados en 
cualquieraforma.no compren- 
didos en otras clases, esten 6 
no estSn pulidos, charolados, 
estafiados 6 bronceados 

Romanas. (Vease balanzas, ro- 
manas, etc.) 

Romanas de cobre 6 que tengan 
la mayor parte de este metal . . 

Estereoscopios, c o s m oramas, 
dioramas, panoramas, linter- 
nas migicas y demas aparatos 
semejantes 

Palitos para hacer f6sforos . . . . 

Estribos. (V6ase efectos de 
plata alemana, etc.) 

Tejidos de punto de media. 
(V6ase almillas, etc.)., 

Medias de algodon 

Medias de lana 

Medias de lino omezcladas con 
lana 6 algodon 

Medias de seda 

Estolas. (V6ase casullus, etc.). 

Piedras finas 

Piedras semejantes a las de 
chispa, de toque, delitografiar 
y de pulir, no incluidas en 
otras clases 

Cocinas portdtiles de hierro ii 
otra materia 

Anafes. (V6ase hierro manu- 
facturado, etc.) 



Derechos 
por libra 
en mone- 
da hondu- 
rena. 



Pesos. 



. 22\ 
. 02 

.02 

.04 

.02 



.04 
.02 
.04 



.18 

. 02 



•50 



. 18 
•30 

■30 
1.50 

.80 
1.50 



. 02 
. 03 
.02 



l62 



HONDURAS. 



ARTICLE OF MERCHANDISE. 



Straw, unmanufactured 

Strips. (See laces, stripes, etc.) . 

Stumps for drawing. (See can- 
vases, prepared, etc.) 

Sugar, white or brown 

Sulphate of copper 

Sulphate of iron or copperas. . . . 

Sulphur, in flowers or cakes 

Sulphuric acid 

Sunshades. (See umbrellas, large 
or small, etc.) 

Sunshades. (See umbrellas, par- 
asols, etc.) ; 

Sunshades, wool 

Surgical instruments. (See instru- 
ments of surgery, etc.) 

Suspenders of all sorts 

Suspensories 

Sweetmeats of all kinds 

Swords, sabers, daggers, and fine 
hunting knives, blunderbuss- 
es, pistols, revolvers, mus- 
kets, capsules, fulminating 
caps, vents, locks, cartridges, 
loaded or empty, and every- 
thing connected with sidearms 
cr firearms, excepting those 
adopted for the army of the 
republic, whose importation 
by private individuals is pro- 
hibited 

Syphons and machines for 
aerated waters 

Syringes 

Syrups of all sorts, except those 
of a medicinal character 

Tablecloths. (See drills, linens, 
etc.) 

Table cloths. (See huckaback, 
etc.) 

Table covers. (See hand ker- 
chiefs, shawls, etc.) 

Tacks. (See iron, manufactured, 
etc.) 

Talc. (See bone, ivory, etc.) . . . , 

Tallarin 

Tallow, crude, in cakes, or 
pressed , 

Tape, plain or worked, of any 
color 



Duty per 
pound in 

U.S. 
currency. 



Dollars. 
. 029 
.58 



.058 

.0145 

.058 

.058 

.058 

.0145 

.174 

.087 
.1305 

,087 
,3625 

■1305 
, 029 



.3625 

.087 
•1305 

. 029 

.1305 
.087 

.58 

.0145 

.174 
. 029 

.0145 

.087 



ARTfCULO DE MERCANCfA. 



Paja sin manufacturar 

Tiras. (Vease encages, tiras, 

etc.) , 

Esfuminosparadibujos. (Vease 

telas preparadas, etc.) 

Azticar bianco 6 prieto 

Sulfato de cobre 6 piedra lipis. 
Sulfato de hierro 6 caparrosa. . . 

Azufre en flor 6 en pasta 

Acido sulfurico 

Quitasoles. (Vease paraguas, 

paragtiitos, etc.) 

Quitasoles. (Vease paraguas 

sombrillas, etc.) 

Quitasoles de lana 

Instrumentos de cirugia 

Eldsticas 6 tirantes de todas 
clases 

Suspensorios 

Dulces de todas clases 

Espadas, sables, pufiales y cu- 
chillos finos de monte, trabu- 
cos, pistolas, revolvers, esco- 
petas, capsulas, fulminanteso 
pistores, chimeneas, Haves, 
cartuchos cargados 6 vacios, 
y todo lo concerniente i, las 
armas blancas y de fuego, con 
excepci6n de las adoptadas 
para el ej6rcito de la repiib- 
lica, cuya impprtacion es pro- 
hibida i, los particulares 

Sifones ym^quinas para aguas 
gaseosas 

Geringes 

Jarabes de todas clases, excepto 
los medicinales 

Manteles. (V^ase driles, creas 
puras, etc.) 

Manteles. (V6ase alemanisco, 
etc.) 

Carpetas. (Vease panuelos, 
panolones, etc.) 

Tachuelas. (Vease hierro 
manufacturado, etc.) 

Talco. (V6asehueso, marfil,etc.) 

Tallarines . 

Sebo en rama, en pasta 6 pren- 
sado 

Hiladillos lisos 6 labrados de 
cualquier color 



Derechos 
por libra 
en mone- 
da hondu- 
refiia. 



HONDURAS. 



16^ 



ARTICLE OF MERCHANDISE. 



Tapioca 

Tar, mineral or vegetable 

Tarlatan. (See cambric, etc.). . . 

Tarpaulin nails. (See iron, man- 
ufactured, etc.) 

Tassels. (See laces, stripes, etc.) 

Tassels. (See understoc kings, 
stockings, etc.) 

Tea 

Teeth, artificial 

Telescopes. (See eyeglasses, 
etc.) 

Textiles or fabrics, ordinary, 
hemp, linen, or cotton, for fur- 
niture, manufactured, in broad 
strips or in any other shape . . 

Thermometers 

Thimbles. (See pins, needles, 
etc.) 

Thread, coarse, of hemp, of pita, 
of linen, or of cotton 

Thread, linen or cotton, for sew- 
ing, embroidering, or knitting. 

Thread, shoemakers' 

Tin, in the rough. (See steel, 
bronze, etc.) 

Tin, manufactured. (See steel, 
copper, etc.) 

Tin-plates. (See steel, copper, 
etc.) 

Tinder-boxes, and the tinder or 
wick therefor when imported 
with them , 

Tinsel. (See wire, spangles, etc.) 

Tissue and fabrics of any ma- 
terial interwoven with real or 
imitation gold or silver, except- 
ing the ornaments for churches 
and priests, which belong to 
the loth class 

Tobacco, in the leaf or cut 

Tongs. (See tools for arts, etc.). 

Tongues, smoked or salted, when 
not canned 

Tools for arts or trades, with or 
without handles, such as pin- 
chers, burins, augers, com- 
passes, masons' trowels, chisels 



Duty per 
pound in 

U.S. 
currency. 



Dollars. 
.0145 
.0145 

I.0S8 



.0145 

•58 



'2175 
,087 



.3625 

.087 
.174 

.087 

.087 

.087 
.029 

.0145 

, 029 

.029 



.058 
3625 



• 3625 
. 029 



.0145 



ARTICULO DE MERCANCfA. 



Tapioca 

Alquitran mineral 6 vegetal. . . 
Tarlatan. (Veaseholin batista, 

clarin, etc.) 

Estoperoles. (Vease hierro 

manufacturado, etc.) 

Borlas. (Vease en^ajes, tiras, 

etc.) 

Borlas. (Vease calcetas, medi- 

as, etc.) 

Te 

Dientes artificiales 

Telescopios. (Vease anteojos, 

etc.) 

Telas 6 tegidos ordinaries de 

cdfiamos, lino 6 algodon, para 

muebles, manufacturados, en 

cinchones 6 en otra forma. . . . 

Termometros 

Dedales. (Vease alfileres, etc.) 

Hilo grueso decanamo, de pita, 
de lino 6 de algodon 

Hilo de lino 6 de algodon, para 
coser, para bordar, y para tejer 

Hilaza 6 hilo de zapateros 

Estano en bruto, etc. (Vease 
acero, bronce, etc.) 

Estano, manufacturado. (Vease 
acero, cobre, etc.) 

Hoja de lata. (Vease acero, 
cobre, etc.) 

Yesqueros 6 eslabones y yesca 
6 mecha para los yesqueros 
cuando venga con ellos 

Oropel. (Vease alambrillo, etc.) 

Tisd y las telas de cualquier 
materia que esten mezclados 6 
bordados con plata fi oro, fino 
6 falso, excepto los ornamen- 
tos para las iglesias y sacerdo- 
tes, que corresponden d la 10* 
clase 

Tabaco en rama 6 picado 

Tenazas ytenacillas. (Vease in- 
strumentos para artes, etc.)j. . , 

Lenguas ahumadas 6 saladas, 
cuando no vienen en latas. . . , 

Instrumentos para artes fi oficios, 

, con cabos 6 sin ellos, como 
alicates, buriles, barrenos, 
compases, cucharas para 



Derechos 
por libra 
en m one- 
da hondu- 
rena. 



164 



HONDURAS. 



ARTICLE OF MERCHANDISE. 



gouges, levels, "giirbias", 
jack planes, "gullames," awls, 
files, hammers, saws, tongs, 
bench -screws, "rep lanes," 
brushes, carpenters' braces, 
and other similar tools, and 
wooden boxes - containing 
any of these 

Toothpick-holders 

Tortoise-shell, manufactured. 

(See bone, ivory, etc.) 

Tortoise-shell, unmanufactured. 

Touchstones , 

Towels. (See drills, linens, etc.) 

Towels. (See huckaback, etc.) . , 

Toys of all sorts for children. . . , 

Train oil or cod-liver oil , 

Traj's. (See articles of German 
silver, etc.) 

Trimmings. (See laces, stripes, 
etc.) 

Trimmings. (See understock- 
ings, stockings, etc.) 

Trousers. (See jerkins or doub- 
lets, etc.) 

Trousers. (See shirts, linen, etc.) 

Trowels, masons'. (See tools for 
arts, etc.) 

Trunks containing articles, 
will pay the duties assessed on 
the contents 

Trunks, traveling, of all sorts. . . 

Trusses 

Tulle. (See lace or tulle, etc.). . 
Turpentine 

Turpentine, common or Venetian 

Umbrella frames. (See wire 
manufactured into frames, etc.) 

Umbrellas, large or small, sun- 
shades and parasols, of silk or 
mixed with wool or cotton. . . . 



Duty per 
pound in 

U.S. 
currency. 



Dollars. 



.029 

.0145 

■174 
.174 
,0145 

1305 
,087 
,087 

0145 

3625 

58 

2175 

1305 
2175 

,029 



, 029 

1305 
.2175 
,0145 

0145 



,087 



174 



ARTICULO DE MERCANCIA. 



albaniles, escoplos,formones, 
niveles, gfirbias, garlopas, 
gullames, lesnas, limas, mar- 
tillos, sierras, serruchos, tena- 
zas y tenacillas, tornos y tor- 
nillos de banco, replanes, 
cepillos, berbiquies fi otros 
semejantes, y las cajas de 
madera con algunos de estos 
instrumentos 

Palilleros 

Carey manufacturado. (Vease 
hueso, marfil, etc.) 

Carey sin manufacturar 

Piedrasde toque 

Toallas demano. (Vease driles, 
creas puras, etc.) 

Pafios de mano. (Vease ale- 
manisco, etc.) 

Juguetes de todas clases para 
ninos 

Aceite de pescado 6 de higado de 
bacalao 

Azafates. (Vease efectos de 
plata alemana, etc.) 

Pasamaneria. (Vease encajes, 
tiras, etc.) 

Pasamaneria. (Vease calcetas, 
medias, etc.) 

Pantalones. (Vease almillas, 
etc.) 

Pantalones. (V6ase camisas 
hechas, etc.) 

Cucharas para albaniles. (Vease 
instrumentos para artes, etc.) 

Baules conteniendo efectos. 
pagaran el aforo de los de- 
rechos que contengan 

Baules para viaje, de todas 
clases 

Bragueros 

Tul. (Vease punto 6 tul, etc.). 

Aguarras 6 espiritu de tremen- 
tina 

Trementina comun 6 de Vene- 
cia 

Armaduras para paraguas. (Ve- 
ase alambre manufacturado, 
etc.) 

Paraguas, paragiiitos, quitasoles 
y sombrillas de seda 6 mez- 
clada con lana 6 algodon 



Derechos 

por libra 

en mone- 

da hondu- 

refia. 



Pesos. 



HONDURAS. 



165 



ARTICLE OF MERCHANDISE. 



Umbrellas, parasols, and sun- 
shades of linen or cotton 

Umbrellas, woolen 

Understockings. (See jerkins or 
doublets, etc.) 

Understockings, stockings, 
fringe, tassels, lace, ribbons, 
sashes, cords, trimmings, 
plushes, caps, cloaks, belts, 
bows, epaulets, socks, and 
gloves of wool or mixed with 
cotton 

Underwaistcoats, wool.' (See 
handkerchiefs, shawls, etc).. 

Underwaistcoats, cotton. (See 
jerkins, etc.) 

Urns, iron. (See iron, manufac- 
tured, etc.) 

Valises, traveling, of all kinds. . 

Vanilla 

Varnishes not included in other 
classes 

Velocipedes of all sorts 

Velveteen. (See corduroy, cot- 
ton plush, etc.) 

Vermicelli 

Vermicelli paste, broken 

Vests. (See shirts, linen, etc.). . 

Vinegar 

Wafers 

Waiters. (See articles of Ger- 
man silver, etc.) 

Wall-paper 

Watches, of whatever material . . 

Water, aerated 

Water-filters 

Water of orange flowers 

Waters, mineral 

Wax, manufactured into articles 
of any sort, excepting toys for 
children 

Wax, shoemakers' 

Wax, white, pure or mixed, un- 
worked 

Weed-hooks. (See instruments 
or tools, etc.) 

Weights. (See balances, steel- 
yards, etc.) 

Weights, iron. (See iron, manu- 
factured, etc.) 



Duty per 
pound in 

U.S. 
currency. 



Dollars. 

.087 
•1305 

•1305 



•2175 

.58 

•1305 

.0145 

.029 

.087 

. 029 

.087 

.174 
. 029 
.0145 

•2175 

.0145 
.0145 

•3625 
.087 
1.088 



0145 
0145 
0145 



■ 1305 
.0145 

.058 
,0145 
,0145 
.0145 



ARTfcULO DE MERCANCIA. 



Paraguas, sombrillas y quita- 
soles de lino 6 de algodon. . . 

Paraguas de lana 

Calcetas. (V6ase almillas, etc.) 

Calcetas, medias, fluecos, bor- 
las, encajes, cintas, bandas, 
cordones, pasamaneria,felpas, 
gorras, abrigos, fajas, lazos, 
charreteras, escarpines y gu- 
antes de lana 6 mezclados 
con algodon 

Guarda-camisasdelana. (V6ase 
pailuelos, panolones, etc.) . . . 

Guarda-camisas de algodon. 
(Veasc almillas, etc.) 

Jarrones de hierro. (Vease 
hierro manufacturado, etc.) . 

Maletas de viaje, de todas clases 

Vainilla 

Barnices no incluidos en otras 
clases 

Velocipedos de todas clases . . . 

Imitacionde terciopelo. (Vease 
pana, panilla, etc.) 

Fideos 

Semola quebrantada para hacer 
fideos 

Chalecos. (Vease camisas he- 
chas, etc.) 

Vinagre 

Obleas 

Bandejos. (Vease efectos de 
plata alemana, etc.) 

Papel pintado para tapiceria. . . 

Los relojes de faltriquera de 
cualquiera materia que sean . 

Aguas gaseosas 

Aparatos 6 filtradores de agua . 

Aguas de azahares 

Aguas minerales 

Cera manufacturada en cual- 
quiera forma, except© en ju- 
guetes para nifios 

Cerote para zapateros 

Cera blanca, pura 6 mezclada, 
sin labrar 

Escardillas. (Vease herrami- 
entas e instrumentos, etc.). . . 

Pesos. (Vease balanzas, ro- 
manas, etc.) 

Pesos de hierro. (V6ase hi- 
erro manufacturado, etc.). . . . 



Derechos 
por libra 
en mone- 
da hondu- 
rena. 



i66 



HONDURAS. 



ARTICLE OF MERCHANDISE. 



Weights of copper or of which 
copper is the chief material . . . . 

Whips 

Whiting, in pieces or pow- 
dered 

Wicks for lamps , 



Wicks, or cotton twisted for 

wicks 

Wicks, pocket, for smokers . . . . , 
Wig frames. (See wire, manufac- 
tured, etc.) 

Window-blinds , 

Window-glasses 

Wines of all sorts 



Wire, excepting for fences, 
iron manufactured, etc.) . 



(See 



Duty per 
pound in 

U.S. 
currency. 



Wire-cloth. (See netting of iron 
wire, etc.) 

Wire manufactured into frames 
for wigs, cages for birds, racks 
for clothes or hats, or other 
similar appliances, and also 
the frames of umbrellas and 
parasols 



Wire spangles, " relumbron," 
tinsel, gold or silver leaf, gal- 
loons, gold or silver lace, and 
any other article of gold or sil- 
ver, imitation, for sewing or 
embroidering . 

Wood, fine, for making musical 
instruments, cabinet work, etc. . 

Wood in leaves or panels for 
veneering 

Wood, manufactured, in any form 
not included in other classes. . . 

Wool. (See handkerchiefs, shawls, 
etc.) 

Wool. (See neckties of cotton, 
etc.) 

Wool. (See skirts, linen, etc.) . . , 

Wool , raw, 

Wool, spun or twisted, for em- 
broidering and other uses 



. 029 
•1305 

.0145 
.087 



.087 
.174 

.087 
. 029 
. 029 
.0145 



.0145 



058 



.087 



.3625 
.0145 

0145 
,0145 

58 

.58 
.2175 

, 029 

.2175 



ARTICULO DE MERCANCfA. 



Derechos 

por libra 

en mone- 

da hondu' 

re&a. 



Pesos de cobre 6 que tengan la 
mayor parte de este metal . . . . 

Latigos y foetes 

Tiza 6 greda blanca en pedazos 
6 en polvo 

Mechas 3^ torcidos para Idmpa- 
ras .". . . . 

Pabilo 6 algodon hilado para 
pdbilo 

Mechas para fumadores 

Armadurasparapelucas. (Vease 
alambre manufacturado, etc.) . 

Celosias para ventanas 

Transparentes para ventanas. . . . 

Vinos de todas clases y en cual- 
quier envase 

Alambre. (Vease hierro manu- 
facturado : en alambres, ex- 
cepto los de cercos, etc.) 

Telas 6 tejidos de alambre de 
hierro 

Alambre manufacturado en ar- 
maduras parapelucas, enjau- 
las para p^jaros, en armado- 
res 6 perchas para vestidos 6 
sombreros ii otros aparatos 
semejantes, y tambien las ar- 
maduras para paraguas y 
quitasoles 

Alambrillo, lantejuelas, relum- 
bron, oropel, hojilla, galones, 
pasamaneria, y cualquier otro 
articulo de oro 6 plata, falso, 
para coser 6 bordar 

Madera fina para construir instru- 
mentosde mfisica, ebanisteria, 
etc 

Madera en hojas 6 sean chapas 
para encapar 

Madera manufacturada en cual- 
quiera forma, no comprendida 
en otras clases 

Lana. (Vease panuelos, pano- 
lones, etc.) 

Lana. (V6ase corbatas de algo- 
don, etc.) 

Lana. (Vease camisas hechas, 
etc.) 

Lana en bruto 

Lana hilada 6 torcida, para bor- 
dar y otros usos 



Pesos. 



HONDURAS. 



16' 



ARTICLE OF MERCHANDISE. 



Woolens. (See cloth, pafiete, 

etc.) 

Work-baskets or boxes 

Worsted 

Wrappers. • (See shirts, fustians, 

wrappers, etc.) 

Yokes. (See muslins, fine, etc.) 

Zephyr. (See cambric, etc.). . . . 

Zinc, unmanufactured. (See steel, 
bronze, etc., unwrought) 

Zinc, manufactured. (See steel, 
copper, etc., manufactured.)... 

Zinc, white, and white bole 



Duty per 
pound in 

U.S. 
currency. 



Dollars. 

•3675 

.174 

.174 

.174 

•2175 



,0145 

, 029 
.0145 



ARTfCULO DE MERCANCfA. 



Derechos 
por libra 
en mone- 
da hondu 
rena. 



Telas de lana. (Vease pano, 

pafiete, etc.) 

Costureros ... 

Estambre en rama 

Batas. (Vease enaguas, fus- 

tanes, etc.) 

Golas. (Vease muselinas finas, 

etc.) 

C^firo. (V6ase holin batista, 

clarin, etc.) 

Zinc. (Vease acero, bronce, 

etc., en pasta) 

Zinc. (Vease acero, cobre, etc., 

manufacturados) 

Blanco de zinc y bolo bianco . . 



Pesos. 



.50 
.24 
.24 

.24 

.30 

1.50 

.02 

.04 
.02 



MERCHANDISE FREE OF DUTY. 

Agricultural machines. 

Alabaster, cut or polished, in any shape, 

not elsewhere specified. 
Alabaster, in the rough. 
Anchors, for boats and launches, when 

imported therewith. 
Animals, live. 
Apparatus for electric lighting. 

Apparatus, machines, and utensils for 
printing offices. 

Articles imported for account of the gov- 
ernment of the Republic, for the use of 
municipalities, and for any public 
work. 

Asphalt. 

Axles for coaches, cars, and carts. 

Baggage (personal), including only cloth- 
ing and foot-wear, jewels and table serv- 
ice, printed books, and food, all for the 
use of the owner, in quantity propor- 
tioned to the latter's rank and circum- 
stances, but not including furniture, 
even when already used, nor whole 
pieces of any sort of cloth. 

Balconies, iron, in pieces. 

Barrels, in pieces or put together. 

Beans. 

Beans, kidney. 

Boats, in pieces or put together. 

Books, printed. 

Bottles, common, of black glass or ordi- 
nary white glass, for bottling liquors. 



MERCANCIAS LIBRES DE DERE- 
CHOS. 

Maquinas para la agricultura. 

Alabastro, labrado 6 pulido, en cualquiera 
forma, no mencionado en otra clase. 

Alabastro en bruto. 

Anclas, para botes y lanchas, cuando ven- 
gan con ellos. 

Animales vivos. 

Maquinas 6 aparatos para alumbrado elec- 
trico. 

Mdquinas, aparatos y utiles para impren- 
tas. 

Articulos que se importen por cuenta del 
gobierno de la republica, para uso de 
las municipalidades y para cualquiera 
obra de interns pfiblico. 

Asfalto. 

Ejes para coches, carros y carretas. 

Equipaje, entendiendose por tal solo la 
ropa y calzado, las alhajas y bajillas, 
libros impresos y comestibles, todo para 
el uso del dueno, en una cantidad pro- 
porcionada a la clase y circunstancias 
de este; pero no los muebles, aunque 
sean usados, ni las piezas enteras de 
cualquier tejido. 

Balconesdehierro.desarmadosoenpiezas. 

Barriles armados 6 sin armar. 

Frijoles. 

Habichuelas. 

Botes armados 6 en piezas. 

Libros impresos. 

Botellas comunes de vidrio negro 6 de 
vidrio claro ordinario para embazar 
licores. 



i68 



HONDURAS. 



MERCHANDISE FREE OF DUTY— 

Continued. 

Bran. 

Bricks. 

Bridges, with their chains, flooring, and 
other belongings. 

Cardboard, impermeable, for roofing build- 
ings. 

Carriages intended exclusively for rail- 
ways. 

Carriages of all sorts. 

Oarts of all sorts. 

Cement, Roman. 

Chaises. 

Charcoal. 

Charts, hydrographic. 

Charts, navigation. 

Clocks for towers, including the dials and 
bells. 

Coaches. 

Coal, mineral. 

Collections of dried plants. 

Copies, writing and drawing. 

Corn. 

Crucibles of all sorts. 

Demijohns, empty. 

Doors, iron, in pieces. 

Effects of foreign ministers and diplo- 
matic agents accredited to the govern- 
ment of the Republic and of diplo- 
matic agents of the Republic returning 
to Honduras, when brought with them 
for their own use, and such as may be 
introduced for the use and consumption 
of the President of the Republic and of 
the Ministers of the Administration. 

Eggs, birds'. 

Electric-lighting machinery or apparatus. 

Filtering stones. 

Firewood. 

Flags or tiles of baked clay, of marble, of 

jasper, or of any other material, for 

floors. 
Flour, potato. 
Flour, wheat. 
Flours, not specified. 
Foods, unprepared. 
Fountains of iron, marble, or any other 

material. 
Fruits, fresh, not specified. 
Garden stuff. 
Gas machines and apparatus. 

Gigs. 

Globes or spheres, celestial or terrestrial. 
Gold, unmanufactured and also in law- 
ful money. 



MERCANCIAS LIBRES DE DERE- 

CHOS— Continua. 

Afrecho, 

Ladrillos. 

Puentes, con sus cadenas, pisos y demAs 

adherentes. 
Carton impermeable para techar edificios. 

Carruajesdestinados exclusivamente para 
caminos de hierro. 

Carruajes de todas clases. 

Carretas de todas clases. 

Cimento romano. 

Calesas. 

Carbon vegetal. 

Cartas hidrogrificas. 

Cartas de navegacion. 

Relojes para torres, inclu3'endo las mues- 
tras y campanas. 

Coches. 

Carbon mineral. 

Colecciones de plantas secas. 

Muestras de escrituray dibujo. 

Maiz. 

Crisoles de todas clases. 

Damesanas 6 garrafones vacios, 

Puertas de hierro, desarmadoso en piezas. 

Efectos que traigan consigo para su uso 
losMinistros PublicosyAagentes Diplo- 
maticos extranjeros acreditados cerca 
del Gobierno de la Republica, y los 
Agentes Diplomaticos de la Republica a 
su regreso a Honduras, y los que se 
introduzcan para uso y consumo del 
Presidente de la Republica y de los 
Ministros del Despacho. 

Huevos de aves. 

Mdquinas 6 aparatos para alumbrado elec- 
trico. 

Piedras de destilar. 

Lena. 

Losas 6 baldosas debarro oocido, demdr- 
mol, de jaspe 6 de qualquiera otra ma- 
teria, para pisos. 

Harina de papas. 

Harina de trigo. 

Harinas no especificadas. 

Cjomestibles sin preparar. 

Fuentes 6 pilas de hierro, marmol 6 de 
cualquiera otra materia. 

Frutas frescas no especificadas. 

Legumbres. 

Maquinas y aparatos para alumbrado por 
gas y para producirlo. 

Quitrines. 

Globos 6 esferas celestes 6 terrestres. 

Oro sin manufacturar y tambien en mo- 
neda legitima. 



HONDURAS. 



MERCHANDISE FREE OF DUTY— 

Continued. 

Granite, cut or polished, in any form not 
elsewhere specified. ' 

Guano. 

Harness, carriage. 

Hogsheads, in pieces or put together. 

Hoops, of iron or wood, for casks, hogs- 
heads, barrels, or sieves. 

Houses, iron, in pieces. 

Houses, wooden. 

Ice. 

Ink, printing. 

Jasper, cut or polished, in any form, not 

elsewhere specified. 
Launches, in pieces or put together. 
Lime, common. 
Lime, hydraulic. 
Lumber, ordinary, for buildino-. 
Machinery or apparatus for electric light- 
ing. 
Machines and apparatus for lighting by 

gas and for manufacturing gas. 
Machines, apparatus, and utensils for 

printing offices. 
Machines for agriculture and mining 
Maps of all kinds. 
Marble, cut or polished, in any form, not 

elsewhere mentioned. 
Marble, in the rough. 
Materials, building, not included in other 

classes. 
Materials intended exclusively for rail- 
ways. 
Mining machinery. 
Motors, steam, of any kind, with all their 

accessories. 
Oars for boats and launches, when im- 
ported with them. 
Oats. 

Pamphlets. 
Paper, white, printing, without sizing or 

glazing. 
Periodicals. 

Pine or other ordinary woods for build- 
ing. 
, Pipes (casks), in pieces or put together. 
Pipes or conduits of iron or lead. 
Plants, dried, collections of. 
Plants, living, of all kinds. 
Potatoes. 
Printing ink. 
Printing-office machines, apparatus, and 

utensils. 
Printing paper, white, without sizing or 

glazing. 
Pumice stone. 



169 



MERCANCIAS LIBRES DE DERE- 
CHOS — Continua. 

Granito, labrado 6 pulido, en cualquier 

forma, no mencionado en otra clase 
Huano. 

Ameses para los carruajes, 
Bocoyes armados 6 sin armar. 
Arcos 6 fleges de hierro 6 de m.adera para 

pipas, bocoyes, barriles 6 cedazos 
Edificios de hierro desarmados 6 en 

piezas. 
Edificios de madera. 
Hielo. 

Tinta de imprenta. 
Jaspe, labrado 6 pulido, en cualquier 

forma, no mencionado en otra clase. 
Lanchas armadas 6 en piezas. 
Cal comun. 
Cal hidraulica. 

Maderas ordinarias para edificios. 
Mdquinas 6 aparatos para alumbrado elec- 

trico. 
Mlquinas y aparatos para alumbrado por 

gas y para producirlo. 
Miquinas, aparatos y fitiles para las im- 

prentas. 
Mdquinas para la agricultura y mineria 
Mapas de todas clases. 
Marmol, labrado 6 pulido, en cualquier 

forma, no mencionado en otra clase. 
Mdrmol en bruto. 
Materiales de construcci6n no incluido en 

otra clase. 
Materiales destinados exclusivamente para 

caminos de hierro. 
Mdquinas para la mineria. 
Motores de vapor decualquiera clase, con 

todos accesorios. 
Remos, para botes y lanchas cuando ven- 

gan con ellos. 
Avena. 

Cuadernos y folletos. 
Papel bianco de imprenta, sin cola 6 goma. - 



Periodicos. 

Pino u otras maderas ordinarias para edi- 
ficios. 

Pipas armadas 6 sin armar. 

Canerias 6 conductos de hierro 6 plomo. 

Colecciones de plantas secas. 

Plantas vivas de todas clases. 

Papas. 

Tinta de imprenta. 

Maquinas, aparatos y Utiles para las im- 
prentas. 

Papel bianco de imprenta sin cola 6 gonia. 

Piedra p6me/. 



lyo 



HONDURAS. 



MERCHANDISE FREE OF DUTY— 
Continued. 

Pumps, hydraulic, with their pipes and 

other parts. 
Refractory stones for foundry furnaces. 

Rice. 

Roots, edible. 

Sacks for coffee. 

Sails, for boats and launches, when im- 
ported therewith. 

Salt, common. 

Samples of merchandise, in small pieces, 
not exceeding 25 pounds in weight. 

Sawing machines. 

Seeds for planting. 

Shingles. 

Silver, unmanufactured, and also lawful 

money. 
Springs for coaches, cars, and carts. 
Stages. 
Staves for barrels, pipes, and hogsheads, 

imported separately. 
Steam motors of every sort, with all their 

accessories. 
Stone, of all kinds, in the rough. 
Stone, such as marble, alabaster, jasper, 

and granite, cut or polished in any form, 

not elsewhere specified. 

Stones for filtering. 

Stones of all kinds and in any shape, for 

grinding or sharpening. 
Stones, refractory, for foundry furnaces. 

Tiles, for roofs, of clay or slate. 

Tires, for coaches, cars, and carts. 

Type, printers'. 

Utensils intended exclusively for railways. 

Vegetables. 

Wheels, for coaches, cars, and carts. 

Wire, iron, of any shape, for fences. 

Wood, for burning. 

Wood, ordinary, for building. 

Wood intended for building vessels. 



TARIFF CLASSIFICATION. 

Merchandise from foreign countries 
which is introduced into the custom- 
houses of the Republic is divided into 
eleven classes, as follows : 

1. Free of duty. 

2. Paying two cents a pound. 



MERCANCIAS LIBRES DE DERE-~ 

CHOS— Continua. 

Bombas hidrdulicas con sus tubos y de- 
mas piezas. 
Piedras refractarias para hornos de fundi- 

cion. 
Arroz. 

Raices alimenticias. 
Sacos para cafe. 
Velas para botes y lanchas, cuando ven- 

gan con ellos. 
Sal comun. 
Muestras de mercancias en pequefios pe- 

dazos, cuyo peso no exceda de veinti- 

cince libras. 
Mdquinas para aserrar. 
Semillas para sembrar. 
Tejamanil. 
Plata sin manufacturar y tambien moneda 

legitima, 
Resortes para coches, carros y carretas. 
(Omnibus. 
Duelas de barriles, pipas y bdcoyes, 

cuando vengan por separado. 
Motores de vapor, de cualquieraclase,con 

todos sus accesorios. 
Piedras de todas clases, en bruto. 
Piedras semejantes al mirmol, alabastro, 

jaspe y granito, labradas 6 pulidas en 

cualquiera forma, no mencionadas en 

otra clase. 
Piedras de destilar. 
Piedras de todas clases y en cualquiera 

forma, paramoler y para amolar. 
Piedras refractarias para hornos de fundi- 

cion. 
Tejas de barro 6 de pizarra. 
Llantas para coches, caros y carretas. 
Tipos de imprenta. 
Utensilios destinados exclusivamentepara 

caminos de hierro. 
Hortaliza. 

Ruedas para coches, carros y carretas. 
Alambre de hierro en cualquiera forma para 

cercos. 
Lena. 

Maderas ordinarias para edificios. 
Madera 4 proposito para la construccion 

naval. 

CLASIFICACION ARANCELARIA. 

Las mercaderias procendentes del ex- 
tranjero que se introduzcan por las Adua- 
nas de la Republica se dividen en once 
clases : 

1. Que no pagara derecho alguno. 

2. Que pagari dos centavos por libra. 



HONDURAS. 



171 



TARIFF CLASSIFICATION- 

tinued. 



-Con- 



3. Paying four cents a pound. 

4. Paying eight cents a pound. 

5. Paying twelve cents a pound, 

6. Paying eighteen cents a pound. 

7. Paying twenty-four cents a pound. 

8. Paying thirty cents a pound. 

9. Paying fifty cents a pound. 

10. Paying eighty cents a pound. 

J I, Paying one dollar and a half a pound. 



CLASIFICACION ARANCELARIA— 

Contintia. 

3. Que pagari cuatro centavos por libra. 

4. Que pagarA ocho centavos por libra. 

5. Que pagard doce centavos por libra. 

6. Que pagara diez y ocho centavos por 
libra. 

7. Que pagar^ veinte y cuatro centavos 
por libra. 

8. Que pagaritreinta centavos por libra. 

9. Que pagara cincuenta centavos por 
libra. 

10. Que pagari ochenta centavos por 
libra. 

11. Que pagar4 ciento cincuenta centa- 
vos por libra. 



Appendix E. 



RECIPROCAL COMMERCIAL ARRANGEMENT BETWEEN THE 
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA AND HONDURAS. 

Concluded April 2p, i8g2; proclaimed April jo, iSp2. 

By the President of the United States of America. 

A PROCLAMATION. 

Whereas, pursuant to section 3 of the act of Congress approved October 1, 
1890, entitled "An act to reduce the revenue and equalize duties on imports, 
and for other purposes," the Secretary of State of the United States of America 
communicated to the Government of Honduras the action of the Congress of 
the United States of America, with a view to secure reciprocal trade, in declar- 
ing the articles enumerated in said section 3 to be exempt from duty upon their 
importation into the United States of America; 

And whereas the consul-general of Honduras at New York has communicated 
to the Secretary of State the fact that, in reciprocity f®r the admission into the 
United States of America free of all duty of the articles enumerated in section 3 
of said act, the Government of Honduras will, by due legal enactment as a pro- 
visional measure, and until a more complete arrangement may be negotiated and 
put in operation, admit free of all duty from and after May 215, 1892, into all 
the established ports of entry of Honduras, the articles or merchandise named 
in the following schedule, provided that the same be the product or manufacture 
of the United States : 

schedule. 

of products and manufactures from the United States which the Republic of 
Honduras will admit free of all customs, municipal, and any other kind of duty, 

1. Animals for breeding purposes. 

2. Corn, rice, barley, and rye. 

3. Beans. 

4. Hay and straw for forage, 
i;. Fruits, fresh. 

172 



HONDURAS, 173 

6. Preparations of flour in biscuits, crackers not sweetened, macaroni, ver- 
micelli, and tallarin. 

7. Coal, mineral. 

8. Roman cement. 

9. Hydraulic lime. 

10. Bricks, fire bricks, and crucibles for melting. 

11. Marble, dressed, for furniture, statues, fountains, gravestones, and build- 
mg purposes. 

12. Tar, vegetable and mineral. 

13. Guano and other fertilizers, natural or artificial. 

14. Plows and all other agricultural tools and implements. 

15. Machinery of all kinds, including sewing machines, and separate or extra 
parts for the same. 

16. Materials of all kinds for the const:^uction and equipment of railroads. 

17. Materials of all kinds for the construction and operation of telegraphic 
and telephonic lines. 

18. Materials of all kinds for lighting by electricity and gas. 

19. Materials of all kinds for the construction of wharves. 

20. Apparatus for distilling liquors. 

21. Wood of all kinds for building, in trunks or pieces, beams, rafters, planks, 
boards, shingles, or flooring. 

22. Wooden staves, heads, and hoops, and barrels and boxes for packing, 
mounted or in pieces. 

23. Houses of wood or iron, complete or in parts. 

24. Wagons, carts, and carriages of all kinds. 

25. Barrels, casks, and tanks of iron for water. 

26. Tubes of iron and all other accessories necessary for water supply, 

27. Wire, barbed, and staples for fences. 

28. Plates of iron for building purposes. 

29. Mineral ores. 

30. Kettles of iron for making salt. 
3 1. Sugar boilers. 

32. Molds for sugar. 

33. Guys for mining purposes. 

34. Furnaces and instruments for assaying metals. 

35. Scientific instruments. 

36. Models of machinery and buildings. 

37. Boats, lighters, tackle, anchors, chains, girtlines, sails, and all other articles 
for vessels, to be used in the ports, lakes, and rivers of the Republic. 

38. Printing materials, including presses, type, ink, and all other accessories. 



174 HONDURAS. 

39. Printed books, pamphlets, and newspapers, bound or unbound, maps, 
photographs, printed music, and paper for music. 

40. Paper for printing newspapers. 

41. Quicksilver. • 

42. Lodestones. 

43. Hops. 

44. Sulphate of quinine. 

45. Gold and silver in bars, dust, or coin. 

46. Samples of merchandise the duties on which do not exceed $1. 

It is understood that the packages or coverings in which the articles named in 
the foregoing schedule are imported shall be free of duty if they are usual and 
proper for the purpose. 

And that the Government of Honduras has further stipulated that the laws 
and regulations adopted to protect its revenue and prevent fraud in the declara- 
tions and proof that the articles named in the foregoing schedule are the product 
or manufacture of the United States of America, shall impose no additional 
charges on the importer nor undue restrictions on the articles imported. 

And whereas the Secretary of State has, by my direction, given assurance to 
the consul-general of Honduras at New York that this action of the Government 
of Honduras in. granting freedom of duties to the products and manufactures of 
the United States of America on their importations into Honduras, and in stip- 
ulating for a more complete reciprocity arrangement, is accepted as a due reci- 
procity for the action of Congress as set forth in section 3 of said act : 

Now, therefore, be it known that I, Benjamin Harrison, President of the United 
States of America, have caused the above-stated modifications of the tariff laws 
of Honduras to be made public for the information of the citizens of the United 
States of America. 

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto set my hand and caused the seal of the 
United States to be affixed. 

Done at the city of Washington, this 30th day of April, one thousand eight 
hundred and ninety- two, and of the independence of the United States of America 
the one hundred and sixteenth. 

[seal.] BENJ. HARRISON. 

By the President : 

James G. Blaine, 

Secretary of State. 



Appendix F. 



COMMERCIAL DIRECTORY OF HONDURAS. 



AMAPALA. 

Bank. 

Banco de Honduras. 

Commission me^'chants . 

Dubon, Agustin. 

Kohncke, Teodoro, 

Ressner, Jose. 
Druggist. 

Dubon, Agustin. 
Hatter. 

Floras, Manuel. 
Retail general merchants. 

Abadie & Co., P. 

Dubon, Agustin. 

Rossner, Jose. 

Sosa, A. 
Wholesale import and export merchattts. 

Abadie & Co., Pedro. 

Dubon, Agustin. 

Gattorno e hijos, J. B. 

Guzman, F. 

Heyliger, Cornelio. 

Kohncke, Teodoro. 
, Moncada, S. 

Rossner & Co., J. 

Rudolph, C. 

BONACCA. 

Importer. 

Bayly, William. 



CHOLUTECA. 



Boots and shoes. 
Sanchez, Fausto. 



CHOLUTECA— Continued. 

Wholesale i?nport and export merchants.^ 
Gattorno, J. B. 
Guillen', J. B. 
Midence, Antonio. 
Rodriguez hnos. 

COMAYAGUA. 

Boots and shoes. 

Alvarado, Leandro. 

Morales, Cruz. 
Drugs. 

Bandana, j. 

Munth, Julio. 

Reina, Toribio. 
Retail general merchants. 

Aguirre, Adan. 

Araqua, Maria. 

•Castillo & hnos., Matias. 

Mendoza, Teodoro. 

Ucles, Encarnacion. 

Ulloa, Tomasa. 
Wholesale import and export merchants. 

Aguirre, Addn. 

Arias, Celio. 

Berlios, Victorina. 

Castillo e hijos, M. 

Dalpech & Co., M. 

Dubon, Tiburcio. 

Fiallos, Juan Francisco. 

Fiallos, J. M. 

Henden, Santiago. 

Mundt, Julius. 

Recarte, Feliciana. 

175 



176 



HONDURAS. 



COMAYAGUA— Continued. 

'SM hoL'salc iiii/iort and export merchants — Con- 
tinued. 

Reina, Toribio. 
Valenzuela, Alonzo. 
Valenzuela, Pompilio. 
Velasquez, Ochoa. 

DANLI. 

Wholesale import and export merchants. 
Castillo, Jacobo. 
Gamero, M. 
Verda, Matilda. 

EKANDIftUE. 

Wholesale import and export merchant. 
Mufioz, E. 

GRACIAS. 

Wholesale import and export merchants. 
Cisneros, Jose Maria. 
Hernandez, G. 
Munoz, Rosa. 
Pineda, Nazario. 
Trejos, Eulogio. 
Villela, Belisario. 

GTJANAJA. 

Wholesale import and export merchants. 
Sinclair, John. 
Torres, Dionisio. 

GTJINOPE. 

Importers and exporters. 

Bardales & Co., general merchandise. 
Torres, Francisco, general merchan- 
dise. 

JUTICALPA. 

Boots and shoes. 

Becerra, Rafael. 
Riyas, Fernando. 

Silver smitli. 

Mercadad, Marcos. 



JUTICALPA— Continued. 

IFholesale import and export merchants. 
Bertrand, P. 
Caliz, F. 
Fortin, Castro. 
Fortin, Carlos F. 
Gardela, G. 
Morales, Florencio. 
Resales, A. 
Zelaya, J. M 
Zelaya, I. 

LA ESPEBANZA. 

Wholesale import and export merchants. 
Alvarez Castro, J. A. 
Lopez, A. 
Mejia, V. 

LA PAZ. 

Wholesale import and export merchants. 
Alvarado, Casimiro. 
Colindres, Manuel. 
Salinas, Martin. 
Suarez, B. 
Vasquez, Toribio. 

MAKCALA. 

Wholesale import and export merchant. 
Ramirez, C. 

NACAOME. 

Wholesale import and export merchant. 
Cisne, Jose. 

OCOTEPEQUE. 

Boots and shoes. 

Buezo, Ramon. 
Coto, Salvador. 
Diaz, Samuel. 
Erazo, Luciano. 
Flores, Marcelino. 
Morataya, Manuel, 
Sandoval, Braulio. 
Salguero, Lino. 
Torres, Leandro. 



HONDURAS. 



177 



OCOTEPEQUE— Continued. 

Druggists. 

Bocanegra, Juan. 

Duque, Jorge. 

Soliz, Marcial. 

Umafia, Manuel. 
Grocers. 

Ard6n, J. 

Lopez, Francisco. 
Retail general merchants. 

Ard6n, J. 

Carranza, Francisco. 

Chinchilla, Victor. 

Fuentes, Pedro. 

Hernandez, Francisco. 

Madrid, Juan. 

Morales, Sixto. 

Ortiz, Juana V. de. 

Rodriguez, Maxima 

Soils, Carlos. 

Umana, Francisco. 

Umafia, Florencio. 

Umafia, Dolores. 

Valle, Gertrudis. 

Vidal, Juana. 
Wholesale import and export merchant. 

Villela, Juan J. 

OLANCHITO. 

Wholesale import and export merchants. 
Arriaga, Crist6bal. 
Castro, Tomas. 

OMOA. 

Boots and shoes. 

Rodriguez, Andres. 
Wholesale import and export merchants. 
Cosales, Pedro. 
Cabus, Jose Maria. 
Estape, Luis. 
Estap6 & Casaels. 
Lee, Maiselmo. 
Rivera, Jose Angel. 

PESPIRE. 

Importers. 

Molina, Marcial. 
Jiron & Medina. 

Bull. 57 12 



PUERTO CORTES. 

Commission merchants. 

Alger, W. E. 

Merilees, J. W. 
Druggist. 

Panting, Jorge. 
Silversmith. 

Rosales, Juan. 

Wholesale import and export merchants. 
Alger, W. E. 
Belisle, J.J. 
Brown, Huberto. 
Castro, Praxedes. 
Gastel, H. 
Gordes & Co. 
Harman, Leon Wm. 
Leiva, Florencio. 
Merrillees, John. 
Pineda, J. 
Prince, Pedro C. 
Selig, J. 
Stain, Samuel. 
Ugarte & Gerbal. 
Vidaurreta, Prospero, 

ROATAN. 

Druggist. 

Gaumer, Geo. F. 
Wholesale import and export mercJiants, 
Aguirre, Federico. 
Burchard, W. C. 
Flynn, E. H. 
Izaguirre, David. 
Rivera, J. 
Suarez, B. 

SAN JUANCITO. 

Importer. 

Jacoby, E. A. 

SAN PEDRO SULA 

Commission tnerchaiits. 

Carraccioli, Joaquin. 

Martinez, Leon. 

Rich, Jaime. 
Drtiggist. 

Guild, W. 



178 



HONDURAS, 



SAN PEDRO SULA— Continued. 

Retail general merchants. 

Mejia, Abraham. 

Ramos, Francisco. 
Special vianufacturer . 

Arnoux & Co., sugar. 
Wholesale import and export merchants. 

Arnoux & Co., general merchandise. 

Bahr, Jorge. 

Cabus, Martin. 

Collier, Guillermo. 

Espana, Lorenzo. 

Fiallos & Co., Francisco. 

Funes, Caesar, general merchandise. 

Girbal, Federico. 

Gost & Mahler, general merchandise. 

Hernandez & Co., Simeon. 

Ingles, Lorenzo. 

L6pez, W. L, 

Maradaga y Garcia. 

Martinez, Leon. 

Meza, Rafael. 

Mitchell, Dr. J. M., drugs. 

Munoz, D. 

Panting & Co., general merchandise. 

Pedroza, Carlos. 

Prince, Pedro C. 

Ramos, Francisco. 

Reig, Jaime. 

Valenzuela, Jose Maria. 

SANTA BARBABA, 

Boots and shoes. 

Aguilar, Jose Maria. 

Flores, Adolfo. 

Munoz, Manuel. 
Hatters. 

Baide, Luis. 

Barahona, Jos6 Maria. 

Photographer. 

Veroy, Francisco. 
Retail general merchants. 

Fletes, Evaristo. 

Guzman, Ignacio. 

Ingles, Lorenzo. 



SANTA BARBARA— Continued. 

Retail general merchants — Continued. 

Laurent y Alfredo. 

Paredes, Andres. 

Paredes, Salvador. 

Paz, Onofre. 

Paz, Fidel. 

Rivera, Lucio. 

Rodriguez, Gregorio. 

Romero, Paz. 
Silversmith. 

Ortega, Albino. 
Wholesale import and export merchant's. 

Aguilar, Vicente. 

Fajardo, Julian. 

Pineda Mejia, Jos6 Maria. 

Vidaurreta, P. 

SANTA ROSA. 

Boots and shoes. 

Caledonio, J. 

Contreras, Alonzo. 

Orellana, Antonio. 

San Martin, Rodolfo. 
Druggist. 

Arias, Juan A. 
Retail general merchants. 

Buezo, Julio. 

Cobos, Indaleco. 

Devaux, C. 

Erazo, David. 

Esquivel, Florencio. 

Henriquez, Macedonio. 

Henriquez, Trinidad. 

Lopez, Fulgencio. 

Madrid, Tomas. 

Madrid, Agustin. 

Madrid, Rafael. 

Macedonio, Antonio. 
• Medina, Antonio. 

Meliton, Cordova. 

Penado, Rosendo. 

Portillo, Teqdoro. 

Rios, Leoncio. 

Toledo, Manuel. 



HONDURAS. 



179 



SANTA ROSA— Continued. 

Wholesale import and export merchants. 
Castellanos, Victoriano. 
Ciliz, Justo. 
Cbrdona, Rafael, 
Fiallos, Francisco. 
Geirst, Constantino. 
Meliton, Cordova. 
Milla y linos. 
Rich, Jaime. 

Rodezno, Urquia & Chacon. 
Tcnorio, Miguel. 
Villa, Jose Maria. 

TEGUCIGALPA. 

Bank. 

Banco de Honduras. 
Books and stationery. 

Vigil, Jose L. 
Boots and shoes. 

Andino, Benjamin. 

Irias, Mariano. 

Zufiiga, Florencio. 
Com mission merchants. 

Grau, Julio F. 

Streber, Ricardo. 
Druggists. 

Aguelera y Ca., J. 

Angulo, M. 

Arias, Pedro. 

Bernhard, Albert. 

Diaz, Joaquin. 

Botica del Hospital. 

Midence y hno., Ram6n. 

Streber, M. 

Ucles, J. 
Grocer. 

Reyes, Gervacia de. 
Jzfardiuare and tools. 

Balette, Julio. 

Sotero, Jose Lazo. 

Zelaya hermanos. 
Photographer. 

Aguirre, Francisco. 
Printing establishment. 

Tipografia Nacional. 



TEGUCIGALPA— Continued. 

Retail general merchants. 

Cubas, Dionisio. 

Guardiola, Gonzalez. 

Molina, Cipriano. 

Retes, Tomasa. 
Silversmiths. 

Aguilar, Antonio. 

Ordonez, Timoteo. 
Watchmaker and Jeweler. 

Bohlander, Juan. 
Wholesale i7nport and export merchants. 

Agurcia & Soto, general merchandise. 

Aguirre, J. T., photographer. 

Ayestas, Vicente. 

Ariza, Francisco. 

Bernhard, Albert, drugs. 

Bernhard, George, commission. 

Bohlander, Juan. 

Castillo e hijos. 

Diaz, Joaquin, drugs. 

Diaz hnos. 

Estrada, J., general merchandise. 

Estrado, Jacobo, general merchandise. 

Fernandez, Benito, general merchan- 
dise. 

Fernandez, Ramiro, general merchan- 
dise. 

Fiallos, Rafael, drugs. 

Fontecha, Dr. R., wines, liquors, etc- 

Fritzgartner, Dr. R. 

Gamero & Co. 

Gutierrez, Jose Maria. 

Gutierrez & Co., Lopez. 

Jiron, Quintin. 

Laines, Samuel, general merchandise. 

Lopez, Antonio, general merchandise. 

Lagos & Co. 

Lopez, Jose A., general merchandise. 

Lopez, Rafael. 

Lozano, Julio, general merchandise. 

Martinez, Florencio. 

Matute, T. 

Medina, Juan Antonio. 

Meza, S. 

Midence, E. 



i8o 



HONDURAS. 



TEGUCIGALPA— Continued. 

Wholesale import and export merchants — Con- 
tinued. 

Midence, Ramon, general merchan- 
dise, drugs, liquors, paints. 

Molina, M. 

Morlan, Alberto E., jewelry, clocks, 
and musical instruments. 

Planas, Ponciano, general merchan- 
dise. 

Pinetta, jose, wines, etc. 

Robles, D. 

Rodriguez, Juan C. 

Streber, Ricardo, general merchandise 
and liquors. 

Sevilla, Leopoldo, general merchan- 
dise. 

Streber & Zurcher. 

Travieso, Federico, general merchan- 
dise,, 

Toledo, Eusebio. 

Ucles, Alberto, general merchandise. 

Ugarte, Tomaso de, general merchan- 
dise. 

VelAsquez, Cipriano. 

Vigil, Manuel. 

Vigil, Ram6n, general merchandise. 

Vigil, Marcial, general merchandise. 

Vigil, Jose L. 

Villafranca & Sons, general merchan- 
dise. 

Zelaya, Abelardo, general merchan- 
dise. 

Zuiiiga, Miguel, general merchandise. 

Zuniga, Alberto. 

Zuiiiga, Diego. 

TRINIDAD. 

Wholesale import and export merchant. 
Fajardo, Julian. 



TEUXILLO. 

Banker. 

Velasquez, Cipriano. 
Drugs. 

Dillet, Alfonso. 
Wholesale import and export merchants. 

Betancourt, Fernando. 

Binney, Melhado & Co. 

Castillo, J. 

Castillo, Prospero. 

Castillo hnos. 

Dillet, Motute. 

Dillet & Ruis. 

Font, J. 

Glj'nn, C. & J. 

Izaguirre & Co., D. M. J. 

Julia, Jose. 

Lafitte, Juan. 

Melhado, W. M. 

Ord, Joseph G. 

Sosa, Donaldo. 

Tristi, Carlos L. 

UTILLA. 

Wholesale import and export ynerchants. 
Phipps & Co. 
Rivera, Bias. 
Torres, Serafio. 
Woodville, R. 

YUSCARAN. 

Wholesale import and export merchants. 
Barrantes, Rafael . 
Castillo, Matilde. 
Cordova, Monico. 
Gradiz, Trinidad. 

YORO. 

Wholesale i??iport and export merchants. 
Quiroz, J. 
Urmeneta, Tomas. 



NEWSPAPER DIRECTORY. 



CHOLUTECA. 

La Verdad. 

COMAYAGUA. 

El Diario. 
El Orden. 

JUTACALPA, OLANCHO. 

El Eco. 

SANTA BABBASA. 
El Progreso. 

SANTA ROSA, COPAN. 

El Copaneco. 



TEGUCIGALPA. 

El Monitor. 

El Orden. 

Gaceta Oficial. 

Honduras Mining Journal. 

La Nacion. 

La Paz. 

La Republica. 

La Academia. 

TKUJILLO. 

La Voz de Trujillo. 
YOEO. 

La Nueva Era. 



181 



INDEX. 



A. 

Page. 

Agricultural resources 35 

Almonds 42 

Amapala, town of 11 

Animal industry 45 

B. 

Bananas ' 36, 38 

Banking . 60 

Barley 22 

Bay Islands, department of 27 

C. . .. , 

Cattle-raising 25, 45 

Central America, act of independence a 

union dissolved 3 

Choluleca, department of . 16 

town of 16 

Climate and seasons 35, 43 

Coal 24 

Cocoa nuts 40 

Coffee ; i7> 37. 38 

Colon, department of 18 

Columbus I 

Comayagua, department of 22 

capital of 22 

Commerce 62-65 

Commercial directory 175-180 

Constitution ..;.... 67-81 

Copan, department of . . 23 

Copper '. 17, 18, 50 

Corn 35, 36, 42 

Cortez, Hernando 2 

Cotton 41 

D. 

Dates 42 

183 



184 INDEX. 

E. 

Page. 

Education 33. 34 

Expenditures 62 

F. 

Figs 42 

Fonseca, bay of ^ 10 

Forestty 47-49 

G. 

Geographical sketch 4 

Gold 17, 18, 24, 50 

Gonzales Davila 19 

Government, form of 30-32 

Gracias, department of 25 

capital of 25 

Grapes 42 

H. 

Hidalgo, priest 2 

Historical outline i 

I. 

India rubber 40 

Intibuca, department of 26 

Iron 17,50 

J- 

Juticalpa, capital of Olancho 18 

L. 

Lakes 8 

La Esperanza, capital of Intibuca 26 

Land laws of Honduras 82-96 

La Paz, department of 26 

capital of 26 

M. 

Mahogany ' 20, 47, 48 

Minerals and mining 27, 50, 52 

Mining companies, list of 51 

laws '. 97-129 

Money 58 

N. 

Newspaper directory 181 



INDEX. 18^ 

O. 

Page. 

Ocean communications • 56 

Ocotepeque, town of 23 

Olancho, department of • • - 18 

Olives - 42 

Oranges 42 

P. 

Paraiso, department of i? 

Pears 4? 

Pedro de Alvarado 2 

Pineapples 42 

Plums 42 

Political divisions 12 

Population • 28 

Ports and harbors 9, 10 

Postal facilities 5^ 

Potatoes 42 

Puerto Cortez ^ 

Punta do Caximas, cape of i 

R. 

Revenue •. ^^ 

Rice 42 

Rio de Posesion (Rio Tinto) ^ 

Rivers ^~° 

Roatan, capital 27 

Reciprocal and commercial arrangements between the United States and Hon- 
duras • ■ • ■ 172-1 74 

Rye • 22 

S. 

Santa Barbara, department of 21 

city of ^^ 

Santa Rosa ^4 

Sarsaparilla 42 

Silver 17, 18, 24, 50 

Sugar cane 17. 4^ 

T. 

Tariff •••••• 130-171 

Taxation 46, 6 r 

Tegucigalpa, department of ■ ^^ 

\ityof 13-16 

Telegraphs -'' 

Tobacco 39 

Temperature . ^4 

Transportation facilities and projects 53^55 

Truxillo, citv of ^'-^ 



l86 INDEX. 

V. 

Page. 

Valladolid ; ■ 22 

Vanilla 42 

W. 
Wheat 22 

Y. 

Yuscaran, capital of Paraiso 17 

Yoro, department of ... ". 20 

citj' of . : 20 



c 



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